Siyah Alaca ve Simental ineklerde damızlıkta kalma süresi, sürüden çıkarma nedenleri ve süt verim özellikleri üzerine bir araştırma

Abstract

Son yıllarda süt sığırı yetiştiricileri, Holstein ırkı ineklere göre daha düşük süt verimli olmalarına rağmen daha yüksek damızlıkta kalma süresi ve daha düşük hastalık insidansı gibi nedenlerle Simental ırkı inekleri tercih etmektedirler. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu tercihin doğruluğunu araştırmak için iki ırk arasında, damızlıkta kalma süresi, sürüden çıkarma nedenleri ve bazı süt verim özelliklerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada kullanılan tüm veriler Bursa Karacabey TİGEM işletmesinde 2015-2016 yıllarında sürüden çıkartılan hayvanların kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir. Damızlıkta kalma süresi Siyah Alaca inekler için 33.6±1.08 ay ve Simental inekler için 33.7±1.21 ay olarak bulunmuştur. Ortalama laktasyon süt verimi (LSV), 305 gün süt verimi (LSV₃₀₅) ve sağılan gün sayısı (SGS), Siyah Alaca inekler için sırasıyla; 8515.63±196.507 kg, 7517.98±148.289 kg ve 403.75±9.575 gün, Simental inekler için, 6079.75±163.126 kg, 5525.71±117.931 kg and 351.40±8.559 gün bulunmuştur. İki ırk arasında damızlıkta kalma süresi ve sürüden çıkarma nedenleri arasındaki fark önemli bulunmazken, laktasyon süt veriminin Siyah Alacalarda Simentallere göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak yerel şartlarda süt sığırı yetiştiricileri için doğru ırk seçiminin Siyah Alaca olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Damızlıkta kalma süresi,Süt verimi,Sürüden çıkarma,Süt sığırı yetiştiriciliği

A research on longevity, culling reasons and milk yield traits in between Holstein and Simmental cows

Abstract

In recent years, dairy cattle breeders prefer Simental cows due to higher breeding time and lower incidence of disease, although they have lower milk yield than Holstein cows. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate longevity, the culling reason and some milk yield traits in between the two breeds to investigate the accuracy of this preference. All data that used were collected from herd (Bursa–Karacabey state farm) records belongs to culling cows in two years (2015-2016) and analysed. Longevity for Holstein and Simmental cows were determined 33.6±1.08 month and 33.7±1.21 month. Average lactation milk yield (LMY), 305 days milk yield (305-dMY) and days in milk (DIM), were found to be 8515.63±196.507 kg, 7517.98±148.289 kg and 403.75±9.575 days respectively for Holstein cows and 6079.75±163.126 kg, 5525.71±117.931 kg and 351.40±8.559 days for Simental cows. While the differences between two breeds in terms of longevity and culling reasons were not significant, Holstein cows had higher milk yield than Simmental cows. As a conclusion, it can be said that Holstein cows is the best choice for dairy breeders in local circumstances.

Keywords

• Longevity,Milk yield,Culling,Dairy cow breeding

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