Plant molecular pharming is a promising system for cost-effective production of veterinary vaccines

Abstract

Vaccination of animals has been used for centuries and is generally considered the most cost-effective and sustainable method of disease control and prevention. About twenty-five years ago, vaccines were in a inactive form or live attenuated organisms and often were not very effective. Advances in molecular biology and biotechnology have made it possible to develop new vaccines and therapeutic targes. Plant expression system has been demonstrated to be a promising platform for production of a variety of recombinant proteins such as vaccines, antibodies, therapeutic proteins, human and industrial enzymes, toxins etc. for health, agricultural and industrial applications. Although plant produced products are already available and licensed for human use, however, there are currently no plant-based vaccines on the market for animal use other than the Newcastle poultry vaccine. This is probably explained by relatively high cost of plant produced recombinant protein based vaccines for animal use. Therefore, the development of inexpensive and affordable plant-based vaccines and their formulation is very important for the production of economical animal vaccines. In this review, (1) different expression systems, (2) the history of plant-based expression systems, (3) different types of vaccines, and(4) plant-based animal vaccine production in plants are discussed. We also discussed the advantages of plants in the development of veterinary vaccines and new developed strategies that can lead to the production of cost-effective, stable and highly immunogenic veterinary vaccines.

Keywords

• expresion system
• plant based
• transient
• vaccination
• animal

Bitki moleküler üretimli ilaçlar, veteriner aşılarının uygun maliyetli üretimi için umut verici bir sistemdir

Abstract

Hayvanların aşılanması yüzyıllardır kullanılmaktadır ve genellikle hastalık kontrolü ve önlenmesi için en uygun maliyetli ve sürdürülebilir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yaklaşık yirmi beş yıl önce, aşılar inaktif bir formdaydı veya canlı zayıflatılmış organizmalardı ve çoğu zaman çok etkili değildi. Moleküler biyoloji ve biyoteknolojideki gelişmeler, yeni aşılar ve terapötik hedefler geliştirmeyi mümkün kılmıştır. Bitki ekspresyon sisteminin, aşılar, antikorlar, terapötik proteinler, insan ve endüstriyel enzimler, toksinler vb. gibi çeşitli rekombinant proteinlerin üretimi sağlık, tarım ve endüstriyel uygulamalar için umut verici bir platform olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bitki tarafından üretilen ürünler zaten mevcut ve insan kullanımı için lisanslanmış olsa da, şu anda piyasada Newcastle kümes hayvanları aşısından başka hayvan kullanımı için bitki bazlı aşılar bulunmamaktadır. Bu muhtemelen hayvan kullanımı için bitki tarafından üretilen rekombinant protein bazlı aşıların nispeten yüksek maliyeti ile açıklanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, ucuz ve uygun fiyatlı bitki bazlı aşıların geliştirilmesi ve bunların formülasyonu, ekonomik hayvan aşılarının üretimi için çok önemlidir. Bu derlemede, (1) farklı ekspresyon sistemleri, (2) bitki bazlı ekspresyon sistemlerinin tarihçesi, (3) farklı aşı türleri ve (4) bitkilerde bitki bazlı hayvan aşısı üretimi tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca, bitkilerin veteriner aşılarının geliştirilmesindeki avantajlarını ve uygun maliyetli, istikrarlı ve yüksek immünojenik veteriner aşılarının üretimine yol açabilecek yeni geliştirilmiş stratejileri tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

• ekspresyon sistemi
• bitki temelli
• geçici ifade
• hayvan
• aşılama

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