Tetranychus urticae Antalya populasyonunda spinosad’ın etkisi ve abamectin direncinin stabilitesi

Year 2016, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 99 - 103, 26.12.2016

Fatih Dağlı

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Antalya’da uzun süre yoğun ilaç
kullanılan bir seradan alınan Tetranychus urticae Koch populasyonunda abamectin’e direnç düzeyi ve abamectin direncinin
stabilitesi belirlenmiştir. Abamectin’e dirençli populasyonda dicofol ve
tetradifon’a çoklu direnç spektrumu ve ayrıca spinosad’ın abamectin’e dirençli T. urticae larvaları üzerindeki etkisi
araştırılmıştır. Laboratuvar biyoesseylerinde, abamectin ve dicofol için ergin
testi, tetradifon için yumurta testi, spinosad için larva testi düzenlenmiştir.
Yaprak daldırma yöntemiyle populasyonların LC değerleri ve duyarlı populasyona
göre direnç katları belirlenmiştir. Altınova, Antalya (Türkiye)’dan alınan T. urticae populasyonu abamectin’e 643
kat dirençli bulunmuştur. Abamectin’e dirençli populasyonda dicofol’e 10 kat
çoklu direnç görülmüştür. Tetradifon’a ise çoklu direnç görülmemiştir. Yirmi ay
(~60 generasyon) kadar ilaç baskısı olmaksızın devam ettirilen Altınova
populasyonunda abamectin direnci 643 kattan 11 kata düşmüştür. Spinosad’ın
abamectin’e dirençli T. urticae larvalarına karşı önemli düzeyde
etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Spinosad, serada önerilen tavsiye dozunda ve
bunun 1/10 katında larvalar üzerinde sırasıyla % 100 ve % 72 ölüme yol
açmıştır. Arazi populasyonlarında abamectin’e karşı direnç izlenmeye devam
edilmelidir. Bir direnç yönetim taktiği olarak direnç sorunu olan lokasyonlarda
abamectin kullanımına belirli süre ara verilmelidir. Spinosad’ın abamectin’e
dirençli populasyona karşı yüksek düzeyde etkiye sahip olması, abamectin için
yürütülen direnç yönetim programlarında bir alternatif olarak göz önüne
alınabilir.

Keywords

Tetranychus urticae, Direnç stabilitesi, Akarisit, Spinosad, Antalya

The stability of abamectin resistance and the efficacy of spinosad in Tetranychus urticae Antalya population

Abstract

The level and stability
of abamectin resistance in a Tetranychus
urticae Koch population collected from a greenhouse in Antalya (Turkey)
exposed to long term intensive pesticide applications were determined.
Multiple-resistance spectrum for dicofol and tetradifon and the efficacy of
spinosad to larvae of abamectin-resistant
T. urticae were also investigated. Laboratory bioassays were performed for
abamectin and dicofol on adults, for tetradifon on eggs, and for spinosad on
larvae. LC values and resistance ratios of populations were determined by the
leaf-dip method. The resistance ratio to abamectin in T. urticae population collected from Altınova, Antalya (Turkey) was
643 fold. The population expressed a 10 fold multiple-resistance to dicofol but
multiple-resistance to tetradifon was not significant. The resistance ratio to
abamectin decreased from 643 to 11 fold in the population maintained
pesticide-free for 20 months (~60 generations). Spinosad had significantly
affected the abamectin-resistant T. urticae larvae with mortalities of
100 and 72 % at recommended dose and 1/10^th of it, respectively.
Monitoring of resistance level in field populations should be continued. As a
resistance management strategy, abamectin applications may be ceased in certain
period in locations where abamectin resistance appears as a significant
problem. The high efficacy of spinosad on abamectin-resistant T. urticae may be considered as an
alternative for resistance management strategies with abamectin.

Keywords

Tetranychus urticae, Resistance-stability, Acaricide, Spinosad, Antalya

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