Fruktoz ve sağlık

Abstract

Fruktoz meyve ve balda bulunan doğal bir şeker olup en büyük kaynakları besinlere eklenen sükroz ve yüksek fruktozlu mısır şurubudur (HFCS). Geçmişte fruktoz alımı daha çok meyve ve bal gibi doğal kaynaklardan sağlanmakta iken son 30 yılda birçok besine eklenen şekerlerle birlikte günlük fruktoz alımı önemli miktarda artmıştır. Son çalışmalar fruktoz alımındaki artışın obezite ve tip 2 diyabetteki artışa paralel olduğunu göstermektedir. Bunun dışında aşırı fruktoz alımının hipertansiyon, hiperlipidemi, nonalkolik karaciğer yağlanması, gut vb. hastalıklarla ilişkili olabileceği bildirilmektedir. Ancak fruktozun bazı hastalıklarla ilişkisi üzerinde son dönemde çok fazla durulsa da tüm fruktoz kaynaklarının aynı etkiye sahip olmadığı göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Fruktoz ve sağlık ilişkisini inceleyen insan çalışmalarının sınırlı oluşu ve çalışmalarda kullanılan fruktoz miktarlarının çoğunlukla çok yüksek miktarlarda olması, fruktozun insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri hakkında yorum yapmayı güçleştirmektedir. Bu derlemede fruktozun sağlık üzerine etkileri ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar kelimeler: Fruktoz, sağlık, yüksek fruktozlu mısır şurubu 

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