Subkronik 1800 MHz elektromanyetik alan uygulanmasının sıçan tuba uterina ampullası üzerine etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Günlük yaşantımızda sık ve uzun süreli kullandığımız elektronik cihazlar elektromanyetik alana (EMA) maruz kalmamıza yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada EMA maruziyeti oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda tuba uterinanın ampulla bölgesinin ışık ve elektron mikroskobik olarak incelenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 12 adet Wistar cinsi dişi sıçan kullanıldı. Denekler kontrol grubu (n=6) ve EMA grubu (n=6) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubundaki deneklere hiçbir işlem yapılmadı. EMA grubundaki denekler 30 gün boyunca günde 1 saat 1800 MHz EMA’ya maruz bırakıldı. Tuba uterinanın ampulla bölgesinde epitel kalınlığı ölçüldü. Tuba uterinanın ampulla bölgesi ultrastrüktürel olarak incelendi ve silli epitel hücrelerinde mitokondriyal hasar skorlaması yapıldı. Bulgular: Işık mikroskobik incelemede, epitel kalınlığı açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi. Elektron mikroskobik incelemede, 1800 MHz EMA maruziyetinin, tuba uterina ampullasındaki silli epitel hücrelerinde ultrastrüktürel değişikliğe yol açtığı belirlendi. Ayrıca, bu hücrelerde mitokondriyal hasarda kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış saptandı. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, EMA’ya bağlı ortaya çıkan mitokondriyal hasarın mitokondriyal apoptotik yolakların aktive olmasına neden olarak hücresel apoptozisi arttırabileceği düşünüldü. Mitokondriyal membranlarının ultrastrüktürel yapısında meydana gelen değişikliklerin, oksidatif hasar ve ROS’un aşırı üretimine neden olarak reproduktif çağdaki kadınlarda infertilite gelişme olasılığını arttırabileceği kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Elektromanyetik alan, infertilite, tuba uterina, üreme sistemi

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