Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

The potential of various Kribbella, Williamsia, and Tsukamurella species for azo dye decolorization

Year 2025, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 21 - 30, 29.12.2025

Abstract

The extensive use of synthetic dyes in the textile industry has resulted in the continuous discharge of toxic effluents into aquatic ecosystems. Among them, azo dyes represent the largest class of synthetic colorants and are known for their high stability and resistance to conventional physicochemical treatments. In this study, the dye-degrading potential of actinobacterial isolates maintained in the culture collection of the Ondokuz Mayıs University was evaluated using both solid and liquid media containing different azo dyes. During preliminary screening on dye-containing agar, all isolates exhibited good growth in the presence of dyes prepared at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Among these, when tested with MR, Kribbella hippodromi, Williamsia limnetica, Kribbella aluminosa, K. albertanoniae, Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens, T. pulmonis, and T. strandjordii produced slight decolourisation zones. Distinct clearing zones on CSB-A agar were observed around T. spumae, T. tyrosinosolvens, T. inchonensis, and T. pulmonis. In the presence of FB, some strains exhibited strong decolourisation activity; however, FB partially inhibited the growth of certain isolates. Quantitative assays in liquid culture confirmed that W. limnetica achieved more than 90% removal of MR within 15 days, followed by K. aluminosa and T. tyrosinosolvens (87–92%). In contrast, the removal of CSB-A, SSBR, and CG-NP remained below 20%. Overall, MR and FB were the most susceptible dyes, and W. limnetica, T. tyrosinosolvens, and K. aluminosa emerged as the most efficient degraders. These findings highlight the broad-spectrum decolourisation capacity of actinobacteria and their promising potential for the bioremediation of dye-contaminated wastewater.

Ethical Statement

In the study, the authors declare that there is no violation of research and publication ethics and that the study does not require ethics committee approval.

Project Number

TUBITAK (2209), 1919B012431453

References

  • Adıgüzel, A. O., Yabalak, E., Cilmeli, S., Durgun, R. T., & Kaya, N. G. (2024). Robust peroxidase from Bacillus mojavensis TH309: Immobilization on walnut shell hydrochar and evaluation of its potential in dye decolorization. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 277, 134525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134525
  • Aqdam, S. R., Otzen, D. E., Mahmoodi, N. M., & Morshedi, D. (2021). Adsorption of azo dyes by a novel bio-nanocomposite based on whey protein nanofibrils and nano-clay: Equilibrium isotherm and kinetic modeling. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 602, 490-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.174
  • Benkhaya, S., M'rabet, S., & El Harfi, A. (2020). A review on classifications, recent synthesis and applications of textile dyes. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 115, 107891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107891
  • Chen, K. C., Wu, J. Y., Liou, D. J., & Hwang, S. C. J. (2003). Decolorization of the textile dyes by newly isolated bacterial strains. Journal of Biotechnology, 101(1), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00303-6
  • Forgacs, E., Cserháti, T., & Oros, G. (2004). Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review. Environment international, 30(7), 953-971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.001
  • Guadie, A., Tizazu, S., Melese, M., Guo, W., Ngo, H. H., & Xia, S. (2017). Biodecolorization of textile azo dye using Bacillus sp. strain CH12 isolated from alkaline lake. Biotechnology reports, 15, 92-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2017.06.007
  • Ikram, M., Naeem, M., Zahoor, M., Hanafiah, M. M., Oyekanmi, A. A., Ullah, R., ... & Gulfam, N. (2022). Biological degradation of the azo dye basic orange 2 by Escherichia coli: A sustainable and ecofriendly approach for the treatment of textile wastewater. Water, 14(13), 2063. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14132063
  • Jamee, R., & Siddique, R. (2019). Biodegradation of synthetic dyes of textile effluent by microorganisms: an environmentally and economically sustainable approach. European journal of microbiology and immunology, 9(4), 114-118. https://doi.org/10.1556/1886.2019.00018
  • Kalyani, D. C., Telke, A. A., Dhanve, R. S., & Jadhav, J. P. (2009). Ecofriendly biodegradation and detoxification of Reactive Red 2 textile dye by newly isolated Pseudomonas sp. SUK1. Journal of hazardous materials, 163(2-3), 735-742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.020
  • Katheresan, V., Kansedo, J., & Lau, S. Y. (2018). Efficiency of various recent wastewater dye removal methods: A review. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 6(4), 4676-4697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.06.060
  • Krishnamoorthy, R., Roy Choudhury, A., Arul Jose, P., Suganya, K., Senthilkumar, M., Prabhakaran, J., ... & Sa, T. (2021). Long-term exposure to azo dyes from textile wastewater causes the abundance of saccharibacteria population. Applied Sciences, 11(1), 379. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010379
  • Moyo, S., Makhanya, B. P., & Zwane, P. E. (2022). Use of bacterial isolates in the treatment of textile dye wastewater: A review. Heliyon, 8(6).
  • Patel, H., Yadav, V. K., Yadav, K. K., Choudhary, N., Kalasariya, H., Alam, M. M., ... & Jeon, B. H. (2022). A recent and systemic approach towards microbial biodegradation of dyes from textile industries. Water, 14(19), 3163. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14193163
  • Pearce, C. I., Lloyd, J. R., & Guthrie, J. T. (2003). The removal of colour from textile wastewater using whole bacterial cells: a review. Dyes and pigments, 58(3), 179-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-7208(03)00064-0
  • Salwan, R., & Sharma, V. (2018). The role of actinobacteria in the production of industrial enzymes. In New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and bioengineering (pp. 165-177). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63994-3.00011-4
  • Saratale, R. G., Saratale, G. D., Chang, J. S., & Govindwar, S. P. (2011). Bacterial decolorization and degradation of azo dyes: a review. Journal of the Taiwan institute of Chemical Engineers, 42(1), 138-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2010.06.006
  • Selvaraj, V., Karthika, T. S., Mansiya, C., & Alagar, M. J. J. O. M. S. (2021). An over review on recently developed techniques, mechanisms and intermediate involved in the advanced azo dye degradation for industrial applications. Journal of molecular structure, 1224, 129195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129195
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Industrial Microbiology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mürüvvet Beyza Kömez 0009-0000-1675-2395

Zeynep Ulusoy 0009-0001-4263-7611

Nisa Gül Kaya 0000-0003-2911-9876

Ali Osman Adıgüzel 0000-0002-5602-5886

Project Number TUBITAK (2209), 1919B012431453
Submission Date October 15, 2025
Acceptance Date December 5, 2025
Early Pub Date December 26, 2025
Publication Date December 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kömez, M. B., Ulusoy, Z., Kaya, N. G., Adıgüzel, A. O. (2025). The potential of various Kribbella, Williamsia, and Tsukamurella species for azo dye decolorization. Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research, 1(1), 21-30.

Aim & Scope

The Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research (MJESR), abbreviated as Mediterr. J. Eng. Sci. Res, aims to provide a dynamic and high-quality platform for the dissemination of original research findings, innovative methodologies, and interdisciplinary studies across engineering and scientific fields. The journal is committed to promoting academic excellence, encouraging cross-disciplinary collaboration, and advancing scientific knowledge and technological development at both regional and global levels. Through a rigorous double-blind peer review process and an open access policy, MJESR aspires to become a trusted and influential resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers addressing contemporary scientific and engineering challenges.

The Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research (MJESR), abbreviated as Mediterr. J. Eng. Sci. Res, publishes original research articles, review papers, and technical communications in the following areas:


1. Engineering Sciences

  • Civil Engineering: Structural analysis, geotechnical engineering, transportation systems, construction management.
  • Mechanical Engineering: Thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, manufacturing processes, mechatronics.
  • Electrical and Electronics Engineering: Power systems, control engineering, signal processing, embedded systems.
  • Chemical and Process Engineering: Reaction engineering, process design, materials synthesis, industrial applications.
  • Computer and Software Engineering: Machine learning, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, software systems, data science.
  • Energy Engineering: Renewable energy technologies, energy storage, smart grids, sustainability in energy systems.


2. Natural and Applied Sciences

  • Physics and Applied Physics: Material physics, quantum mechanics, photonics, computational physics.
  • Chemistry and Applied Chemistry: Analytical chemistry, polymer science, nanotechnology applications.
  • Biological Sciences: Biotechnology, bioengineering, environmental biology, health-related applications of engineering.
  • Earth and Environmental Sciences: Geology, geophysics, hydrology, environmental monitoring, climate change studies.
  • Materials Science and Engineering: Advanced materials, composites, biomaterials, nanomaterials.
  • Mathematical and Computational Sciences: Applied mathematics, computational mathematics, mathematical modeling, numerical analysis, optimization techniques, statistical methods, data analysis, scientific computing.


3. Interdisciplinary and Emerging Fields

  • Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Applications in Engineering and Sciences
  • Smart Cities, Urban Technologies, and Sustainable Infrastructure
  • Remote Sensing, Geospatial Analysis, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  • Biomedical Engineering and Health Technologies
  • Environmental Sustainability, Disaster Risk Management, and Resilient Systems
  • Innovation Management, Engineering Economics, and Technology Policy


MJESR encourages submissions that emphasize novel methodologies, interdisciplinary approaches, real-world applications, and solutions to contemporary scientific and engineering challenges. All manuscripts undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process to ensure the highest standards of academic quality and originality.

Author Guidelines

For Authors;

Articles submitted to the journal should be studies with the following characteristics:

*Research studies containing original scientific findings,

*Studies that convey application examples with a scientific approach,

*It should be in the form of review studies that comprehensively evaluate significant developments on a particular subject.


Uploading the Article to the System;

Articles should be uploaded electronically to the system at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/journal/3138/submission/start

You can use a template file that follows the writing guidelines as a guide when you write your article. Please click the file below to view a template article.

TEMPLATE  (docx)

Files Waiting to be Sent with the Article

Copyright Form & Ethics Committee Declaration (Combined in a single document):


This form must be completed and signed by all authors.

Author names, institutions, ORCID IDs, dates, and signatures must be clearly provided.

The ethics committee section must also be filled in, indicating whether ethical approval is required for the submitted study.

If applicable, the Ethics Committee Approval Document must be uploaded separately in addition to this form.

Important Note: The form must be submitted as a PDF file together with the manuscript. Submissions without the completed form will not be processed for peer review.

Link: "Copyright Form & Ethics Committee Declaration Form"


Plagiarism Report Requirement

*All submitted manuscripts will automatically undergo a plagiarism check via the intihal.net system during the upload process.

*Authors do not need to upload a plagiarism report manually, as the system will generate it automatically during submission.

*However, if authors prefer to upload their own plagiarism report, they may do so in addition to the automatic check.

Important Note:
If the manuscript’s plagiarism rate exceeds 25%, the article will be automatically rejected, and the corresponding author will be informed.

The Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research (MJESR), is committed to upholding the highest ethical standards in the publication of scientific research. Our ethical principles and publication policies are aligned with internationally recognized guidelines provided by organizations such as the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and the Declaration of Helsinki. We are dedicated to ensuring that all published research adheres to the ethical standards expected by the global scientific community.


1. Ethical Responsibilities of Authors
Authors submitting to Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research are expected to:

  • Ensure that their work is original, free of plagiarism, and has not been published elsewhere.
  • Provide accurate and honest reporting of their research, including proper attribution of all sources.
  • Disclose any potential conflicts of interest that may affect the integrity of the research.
  • Obtain necessary ethical approvals for studies involving human or animal subjects, as per the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines.
  • Adhere to best practices in data management, ensuring that all research data is handled responsibly and made available upon request for verification.


2. Ethical Responsibilities of Editors
Editors of MJESR are responsible for:

  • Impartial Evaluation: All submitted manuscripts are evaluated based on their academic merit, without regard to the authors' personal characteristics such as race, gender, religious beliefs, or political views.
  • Confidentiality: Editors must ensure that all manuscripts remain confidential and are shared only with those directly involved in the publication process.
  • Final Decision Making: While referees’ reports are crucial to the review process, the final decision on whether to accept or reject a manuscript rests with the Editor-in-Chief, in line with the ethical standards set by COPE.
  • Addressing Ethical Concerns: Editors must act on any allegations of misconduct such as plagiarism or falsification of data, following COPE guidelines for investigation and resolution.


3. Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers
Peer reviewers play a critical role in maintaining the quality and integrity of the journal. Reviewers are expected to:

  • Provide Objective Reviews: Evaluate manuscripts objectively and constructively, without personal bias.
  • Maintain Confidentiality: Treat all manuscripts as confidential documents and refrain from disclosing information to third parties.
  • Declare Conflicts of Interest: Inform the editorial office of any potential conflicts of interest that might influence their review, whether financial, professional, or personal.


4. Publication Integrity
Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research is committed to maintaining the integrity of the publication process through the following practices:

  • Corrections and Retractions: If a significant error or ethical violation is discovered after publication, the journal will issue a correction or retract the article, according to COPE guidelines.
  • Conflict of Interest Disclosure: Authors, editors, and reviewers are required to disclose any conflicts of interest that might affect the research, review, or editorial decision processes.
  • Open Access Policy: MJESR The journal supports open access to all published articles, ensuring free and unrestricted access to scientific knowledge in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative.


5. Research Involving Human and Animal Subjects
For studies involving human participants or animals, MJESR follows the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant regulatory guidelines. Researchers must ensure:

  • Ethical approvals are obtained from the appropriate ethics committees or institutional review boards.
  • Informed consent is obtained from human participants prior to data collection.
  • Humane treatment of animals is ensured, adhering to recognized ethical standards.


Ethics Committee Approval
An Ethics Committee Approval document must be submitted for the publication application of articles that require ethics committee approval.

Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research has been checking the ethical committee approval status of articles submitted. In this context, if your study falls into a category that requires ethical committee approval, you must upload the permission document along with your article files. Studies submitted to the journal that require ethical committee approval but lack the necessary permission documents will not be considered for evaluation.


Publication Policy
Publication Frequency:

  • Mediterranean Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research is a peer-reviewed journal published annually in March and September.


Publication Fee

  • MJESR  does not charge any fees for the assessment/publishing processes of the submitted manuscripts.

Editor-in-Chief

Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity, Animal Physiology-Ecophysiology

Editor

Separation Science, Electrochemistry, Photochemistry

Co-Editors

Climate Change-Impact and Adaptation, Geospatial Information Systems and Geospatial Data Modelling, Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in Planning, Geological Sciences and Engineering, Geographic Information Systems, Remote Sensing
Operator Algebras and Functional Analysis, Real and Complex Functions (Incl. Several Variables), Approximation Theory and Asymptotic Methods

Section Editor

Food Engineering, Food Sciences, Food Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Food Sensory Science
Marine and Estuarine Ecology, Animal Systematics and Taxonomy, Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Post-Harvest Fisheries Technologies (Incl. Transportation), Fisheries Technologies
Deep Learning, Neural Networks, Machine Learning Algorithms, Classification Algorithms, Natural Language Processing
Nanobiotechnology, Nanochemistry, Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion
Civil Engineering

Aktif araştırma alanları; Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) ve Uzaktan Algılama (UA) tekniklerini kullanarak; yeraltı sularının kirlenmeye karşı hassasiyetinin ve potansiyelinin değerlendirilmesi, yer seçimi,  çeşitli coğrafi unsurlara ait morfometrik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, arazi kullanımına ait zamansal değişimlerin, yüzey sıcaklığının ve bitki örtüsünün haritalanması ve belirlenmesi konularını içermektedir.

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Hydrogeology, Geographic Information Systems, Watershed Management, Contaminant Hydrology, Surface Water Hydrology

Caner Ozdemir received the B.S.E.E. degree in 1992 from the Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, and the M.S.E. and Ph. D. degrees in Electrical & Computer Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin in 1995 and 1998, respectively.


From 1992 to 1993, he worked as a project engineer at the Electronic Warfare Programs Directorate of ASELSAN Electronic Industries Inc., Ankara, Turkey. From 1998 to 2000, he worked as a research scientist at Electronic & Avionics Systems (ASTG) group of AlliedSignal Inc., Columbia, Maryland. He joined the faculty of Mersin University in 2000 and is currently a professor in the department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Mersin, Turkey. He has been serving as a consultant to the Marmara Research Center of the Scientific and Research Council (TUBITAK) of Turkey and many defense industry firms. Dr. Ozdemir’s research interests are radar cross section, radar image/signal processing, inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), radar cross section, ground penetrating radar, through-the-wall imaging radar and antenna design. He has published more than 180 journal articles and conference/symposium papers on these subjects.


Dr. Ozdemir is a recipient of URSI EMT-S Young Scientist Award in the 2004 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory in Pisa, Italy and also recipient of a JARS best paper award for photo-optical instrumentation published in the Journal of Applied Remote Sensing in 2016. He is the author of the book titled “Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging with Matlab Algorithms”.

Electrical Engineering, Engineering Electromagnetics, Signal Processing

nanometarial, silica aerogel, carbon nanotube, graphene, high entropy alloy

Materials Science and Technologies, Materials Engineering (Other)

Editorial Board

-

Waste Management, Reduction, Reuse and Recycling, Wastewater Treatment Processes, Crop and Pasture Biomass and Bioproducts
Photogrametry, Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Remote Sensing
Photogrametry, Remote Sensing
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation (Other), Water Quality and Water Pollution, Groundwater Quality Processes and Contaminated Land Assessment, Pollution and Contamination (Other)
Waste Management, Reduction, Reuse and Recycling
Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Therapy, Nuclear Physics, Biophysics, Nuclear Chemistry, Dedector Technology
Analytical Chemistry