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Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 14 - 21, 14.10.2019

Cüneyt Çırak Ertan Sait Kurtar

Abstract

Hypericum cinsi (Hypericaceae) dünyanın hemen her yerinde yayılış gösteren 484 türe sahiptir.  Türkiye Hypericum türleri için önemli bir merkez olup mevcut 96 türün 46’sı
endemiktir. H. aviculariifolium subsp.
depilatum var. depilatum bu endemik türlerden biridir ve ülkemizin yüksek rakımlı
kuzey bölgelerinde doğal olarak yetişir. 
H. pruinatum ise endemik
olmamakla birlikte yayılış alanı oldukça sınırlı bit türdür. Çalışmamızda
endemik ve nadir rastlanan bu türler için etkili bir çimlenme protokolü
geliştirmek ve müteakip bitki gelişimini izlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu gaye ile yüzey sterilizasyonu yapılmış
tohumlar farklı oranlarda benzil adenin (BA), giberellik asit (GA) ve indol
asetik asit (IAA) içeren temel MS (Murashige ve Skoog) ortamlarında magenta
kutuları içerisinde kültüre alınmışlardır. 12. günün sonunda kökçük geliştirmiş
ve 1-2 yaprakçık oluşturmuş tohumlar sayılmış ve her deneysel ortam için
çimlenme oranları % olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortamlarının çimlenme üzerine
etkileri her iki türde de önemli (P < 0.01) olarak tespit edilmiş, en yüksek
çimlenme oranına 2 mg/l BA, 0.1 mg/l IAA ve 0.5 mg/l GA
ile desteklenmiş MS tuzları içeren G9 ortamında ulaşılmıştır (H. aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum için %76.2; H.
pruinatum için %89.4). Bu ortamda alt kültüre alınan çimlenmesini tamamlamış genç bitkicikler 6 hafta
sonra ortalama 8-10 cm
uzunluğa ulaşmış ve başarılı bir şekilde sera şartlarına adapte edilmişlerdir. Sonuçlar bu endemik ve nadir türlerin korunması ve
kültüre alınması bakımdan önemli olup müteakip çalışmalara ışık tutacak
niteliktedir.    

Keywords

Hypericum dormansi in vitro kültür bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri

References

  • Abreu IN, Azevedo MTA, Solferini VM, Mazzafera P (2003). In vitro propagation and isozyme polymorphism of the medicinal plant Hypericum brasiliense. Biol. Plant. 47: 629-632.
  • Ash JE, Groves RH, Willis AJ (1998). Seed Ecology of Hypericum gramineum, an Australian forb. Aust. J. Bot. 45: 1009-1022.
  • Baskin JM, Baskin CC (2008). Some considerations for adoption of Nikolaeva's formula system into seed dormancy classification. Seed Sci. Res. 18: 131-137.
  • Baskin CC, Baskin JM (2014). Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination, second ed. Elsevier/Academic Press, San Diego.
  • Bertelle FML, Beatriz PM, Augusto LA (2004). Light, temperature and potassium nitrate in the germination of Hypericum perforatum L. and H. Brasiliense Choisy seeds. Bragantia 63: 193-199.
  • Bertoli A, Çırak C, Seyis F (2015). Hypericum origanifolium Willd.: The essential oil composition of a new valuable species. Ind. Crop Prod. 77: 676-679.
  • Bewley JD, Bradford KJ, Hilhorst HWM, Nonogaki H (2013). Seeds: Physiology of development, germination and dormancy. New York, Springer.
  • Bingöl U, Coşge B, Gurbuz B (2011). Hypericum species in flora of Turkey. In: Odabas MS, Çırak C (Eds) Hypericum. Med. Aromat. Plant Sci. Biotechnol. 5 (Special Issue 1): 86-90.
  • Bruni R, Sacchetti G (2009). Factors affecting polyphenol biosynthesis in wild and field grown St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L. Hypericaceae/Guttiferae). Molecules 14: 682-725.
  • Campbell MH (1985). Germination, emergence and seedling growth of Hypericum perforatum. Weed Res. 25: 259-266.
  • Carine MA, Christenhusz MJM (2010). About this volume, the monograph of Hypericum by Norman Robson. Phytotaxa 4: 1-4.
  • Carta A, Bedini G, Giannotti A, Savio L, Peruzzi L (2015). Mating system modulates degree of seed dormancy in Hypericum elodes L. (Hypericaceae). Seed Sci. Res. 25: 299-305.
  • Carta A, Probert R, Puglia G, Peruzzi L, Bedini G (2016). Local climate explains degree of seed dormancy in Hypericum elodes L. (Hypericaceae). Plant Biol. 18: 76-82.
  • Cerabolini B, Rossella A, Roberta M, Ceriani SP, Barbara R (2004). Seed germination ve conservation of endangered species from the Italian Alps, Physoplexis comosa ve Primula glaucescens. Biol. Conserv. 117: 351-356.
  • Chen SY, Shing-Rong K, Ching-Te C (2008). Roles of gibberellins and abscisic acid in dormancy and germination of red bayberry (Myrica rubra) seeds. Tree Physiol. 28: 1431-1439.
  • Coronado MES, Olvera C, Guzman JM, Rubalcava MLM, Orozco S, Anaya AL, Segovia AO (2015). Complex dormancy in the seeds of Hypericum philonotis. Flora 213: 32-39.
  • Çamaş N, Çalışkan Ö (2011). Breaking of seed dormancy in Hypericum leptophyllum Hochst., an endemic Turkish species. J. Med. Plant. Res. 5: 6968-6971.
  • Çırak, C (2007). Seed germination protocols for ex situ conservation of some Hypericum species from Turkey. Am. J. Plant Physiol. 2: 287-294.
  • Çırak C, Bertoli (2013). Aromatic profiling of wild and rare species growing in Turkey: Hypericum aviculariifolium Jaub. and Spach subsp. depilatum (Freyn and Bornm.) Robson var. depilatum and Hypericum pruinatum Boiss. and Bal. Nat. Prod. Res. 27: 100-107.
  • Çırak, C, Kurt D (2014). Hypericum species as important medicinal plants. J. Aegean Agric. Res. Institute 24: 42-58.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J (2007). Variation of hyperforin in Hypericum montbretii during its phenological cycle. Nat. Prod. Res. 21: 1151-1156.
  • Çırak C, Ayan A, Kevseroğlu K, Çalışkan Ö (2004a). Germination rate of St. John’s Worth (Hypericum perforatum L.) seeds exposed to different light intensities and illumination periods. J. Biol. Sci. 4: 279-282.
  • Çırak C, Ayan AK, Kevseroğlu K (2004b). The effects of light and some presoaking treatments on germination rate of St. John’s Worth (Hypericum perforatum L.) seeds. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 7:182-186.
  • Çırak C, Sağlam B, Ayan AK, Kevseroğlu K (2006a). Morphogenetic and diurnal variation of hypericin in some Hypericum species from Turkey during the course of ontogenesis. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 34: 1-13.
  • Çırak C, Ayan AK, Kevseroglu K (2006b). Physical and physiological seed dormancy of some Hypericum species growing in Turkey. Plant Breed. Seed Sci. 53: 3-8.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Janulis V, Ivanauskas L (2007a). Chemical constituents of some Hypericum species growing in Turkey. J. Plant Biol. 50: 632-635.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Janulis V, Ivanauskas L (2007b). Secondary metabolites in Hypericum perfoliatum: variation among plant parts and phenological stages. Bot. Helv. 117: 29-36.
  • Çırak C, Kevseroglu K, Ayan AK (2007c). Breaking of seed dormancy in a Turkish endemic Hypericum species: Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum by light and some pre-soaking treatments. J. Arid Environ. 68: 159-164.
  • Çırak C, Kevseroğlu K, Odabaş MS (2011a). Farklı Hypericum türlerinde görülen tohum dormansisi ve giderilme metotları. Türkiye IV. Tohumculuk Kongresi, Cilt II, 318-323, Samsun.
  • Çırak C, Odabaş MS, Ayan AK (2011b). Seed germination of Hypericum triquetrifolium and Hypericum heterophyllum. In: Odabas MS, Çırak C (Eds) Hypericum. Med. Aromat. Plant Sci. Biotechnol. 5 (Special Issue 1): 105-107.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Çamaş N, Çalışkan Ö, Odabaş MS (2013). Changes in the contents of main secondary metabolites in two Turkish Hypericum species during plant development. Pharm. Biol. 51: 391-399.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Ivanauskas L, Jakstas V, Çamaş N (2014a). Phenological changes in the chemical content of wild and greenhouse-grown Hypericum pruinatum: Flavonoids. Turkish J. Agric. Forest. 38: 362-370.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Karpaviciene B, Çamaş N, Odabaş MS (2014b). Changes in phenolic content of wild and greenhouse-grown Hypericum triquetrifolium during plant development. Turkish J. Agric. Forest. 37: 307-314.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Ivanauskas L, Jakstas V, Çamaş N, Kurt D (2015). Phenological changes in the chemical content of wild and greenhouse-grown Hypericum pruinatum: hypericins, hyperforins and phenolic acids. Res. & Rev. J. Bot. 4: 37-47.
  • Davis PH (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press.
  • Donohue K, de Casas RR, Burghardt L, Kovach K, Willis CG (2010). Germination, postgermination adaptation, and species ecological ranges. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 41: 293-319.
  • Finch-Savage WE, Footitt S (2012). To germinate or not to germinate: a question of dormancy relief not germination stimulation. Seed Sci. Res. 22: 243-248.
  • Gül LB, Özdemir N, Gül O, Çırak C, Çon AH (2017). Bioactive properties and antimicrobial activity of some Hypericum species growing wild in Black Sea region of Turkey. Ith International Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Congress. May 06-10, Konya, Turkey.
  • Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (2012). List of Turkish Flora (Vascular Plants). Publication of Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden and Flora Research Fondation, İstanbul. Available online at http,//www.bizimbitkiler.org.tr/v2/hiyerarsi.php?c=Hypericum.
  • Kim H, Kim SW, Seok KH, Hwang CW, Ahn JC, Jin J, Kang HW (2018). Hypericin-assisted photodynamic therapy against anaplastic thyroid cancer. Photodiagn. Photodyn. 24: 15-21.
  • Ma L, Pan X, Zhou F, Liu K, Wang L (2018). Hyperforin protects against acute cerebral ischemic injury through inhibition of interleukin-17A-mediated microglial activation. Brain Res. 1678: 254-261.
  • Maltaş E, Uysal A, Yildiztugay E, Aladağ MO, Yıldız S, Küçüködük M (2013). Investigation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of some Hypericum species. Fresen. Environ. Bull. 22: 862-869.
  • Miransari M, Smith DL (2014). Plant hormones and seed germination. Environ. Exp. Bot. 99: 110-121.
  • Perez-Garcia F, Huertas M, Mora E, Pena B, Varela F, Gonzalez-Benito ME (2006). Hypericum perforatum L. seed germination: interpopulation variation and effect of light, temperature, presowing treatments and seed desiccation. Genet. Resour. Crop. Evol. 53: 1187-98.
  • Ramalhete N, Machado A, Serrano R, Gomes ET, Mota-Filipe H, Silva O (2016). Comparative study on the in vivo antidepressant activities of the Portuguese Hypericum foliosum, Hypericum androsaemum and Hypericum perforatum medicinal plants. Ind. Crop. Prod. 82: 29-36.
  • Rodriguez-Amigo B, Delcanale P, Rotger G, Juarez-Jimenez J, Viappiani C (2015). The complex of hypericin with β-lactoglobulin has antimicrobial activity with potential applications in dairy industry. J. Dairy Sci. 98: 89-94.
  • Schiavone BIP, Verotta L, Rosato A, Marilena M, Gibbons S, Bombardelli E, Franchini C, Corbo F (2014). Anticancer and antibacterial activity of hyperforin and its derivatives. Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 14: 1397-1401.
  • Shih CM, Wu CH, Wu WJ, Hsiao YM, Ko JL (2018). Hypericin inhibits hepatitis C virus replication via deacetylation and down-regulation of heme oxygenase-1. Phytomedicine 46: 193-198.
  • Solomon D, Adams J, Graves N (2013). Economic evaluation of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) for the treatment of mild to moderate depression. J. Affect. Disord. 148: 228-34.
  • Thompson K, Ooi MKJ (2010). To germinate or not: more than just a question of dormancy. Seed Sci. Res. 20: 209-211.
  • Valentao P, Dias A, Ferreira M, Silva B, Andrade PB, Bastos ML, Seabra RM (2003). Variability in phenolic composition of Hypericum androsaemum. Nat. Prod. Res. 17: 135-140.
  • Walck JL, Hidayati SN, Dixon KW, Thompson K, Poschlod P (2011). Climate change and plant regeneration from seed. Glob. Change Biolo. 17: 2145-2161.
  • Wang J, Baskin JM, Baskin CC, Liu G, Yang X, Huang Z (2017). Seed dormancy and germination of the medicinal holoparasitic plant Cistanche deserticola from the cold desert of northwest China. Plant Physio. Biochem. 115: 279-285.
  • Willis CG, Baskin CC, Baskin JM, Auld JR, Venable DL, Cavender-Bares J, Donohue K, Casas R. (2014). The evolution of seed dormancy: environmental cues, evolutionary hubs, and diversification of the seed plants. New Phytologist 203: 300-309.
  • Xiang QN, Venkatanarayanan N, Ho CYX (2017). Clinical use of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in depression: A meta-analysis J. Affect. Disord. 210. 211-221.

Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 14 - 21, 14.10.2019

Cüneyt Çırak Ertan Sait Kurtar

Abstract

Hypericum cinsi (Hypericaceae) dünyanın hemen her yerinde yayılış gösteren 484 türe sahiptir.  Türkiye Hypericum türleri için önemli bir merkez olup mevcut 96 türün 46’sı endemiktir. H. aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum bu endemik türlerden biridir ve ülkemizin yüksek rakımlı kuzey bölgelerinde doğal olarak yetişir.  H. pruinatum ise endemik olmamakla birlikte yayılış alanı oldukça sınırlı bit türdür. Çalışmamızda endemik ve nadir rastlanan bu türler için etkili bir çimlenme protokolü geliştirmek ve müteakip bitki gelişimini izlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu gaye ile yüzey sterilizasyonu yapılmış tohumlar farklı oranlarda benzil adenin (BA), giberellik asit (GA) ve indol asetik asit (IAA) içeren temel MS (Murashige ve Skoog) ortamlarında magenta kutuları içerisinde kültüre alınmışlardır. 12. günün sonunda kökçük geliştirmiş ve 1-2 yaprakçık oluşturmuş tohumlar sayılmış ve her deneysel ortam için çimlenme oranları % olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortamlarının çimlenme üzerine etkileri her iki türde de önemli (P < 0.01) olarak tespit edilmiş, en yüksek çimlenme oranına 2 mg/l BA, 0.1 mg/l IAA ve 0.5 mg/l GA ile desteklenmiş MS tuzları içeren G9 ortamında ulaşılmıştır (H. aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum için %76.2; H. pruinatum için %89.4). Bu ortamda alt kültüre alınan çimlenmesini tamamlamış genç bitkicikler 6 hafta sonra ortalama 8-10 cm uzunluğa ulaşmış ve başarılı bir şekilde sera şartlarına adapte edilmişlerdir. Sonuçlar bu endemik ve nadir türlerin korunması ve kültüre alınması bakımdan önemli olup müteakip çalışmalara ışık tutacak niteliktedir.    

Keywords

Kantaron çimlenme dormansi in vitro kültür

References

  • Abreu IN, Azevedo MTA, Solferini VM, Mazzafera P (2003). In vitro propagation and isozyme polymorphism of the medicinal plant Hypericum brasiliense. Biol. Plant. 47: 629-632.
  • Ash JE, Groves RH, Willis AJ (1998). Seed Ecology of Hypericum gramineum, an Australian forb. Aust. J. Bot. 45: 1009-1022.
  • Baskin JM, Baskin CC (2008). Some considerations for adoption of Nikolaeva's formula system into seed dormancy classification. Seed Sci. Res. 18: 131-137.
  • Baskin CC, Baskin JM (2014). Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination, second ed. Elsevier/Academic Press, San Diego.
  • Bertelle FML, Beatriz PM, Augusto LA (2004). Light, temperature and potassium nitrate in the germination of Hypericum perforatum L. and H. Brasiliense Choisy seeds. Bragantia 63: 193-199.
  • Bertoli A, Çırak C, Seyis F (2015). Hypericum origanifolium Willd.: The essential oil composition of a new valuable species. Ind. Crop Prod. 77: 676-679.
  • Bewley JD, Bradford KJ, Hilhorst HWM, Nonogaki H (2013). Seeds: Physiology of development, germination and dormancy. New York, Springer.
  • Bingöl U, Coşge B, Gurbuz B (2011). Hypericum species in flora of Turkey. In: Odabas MS, Çırak C (Eds) Hypericum. Med. Aromat. Plant Sci. Biotechnol. 5 (Special Issue 1): 86-90.
  • Bruni R, Sacchetti G (2009). Factors affecting polyphenol biosynthesis in wild and field grown St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L. Hypericaceae/Guttiferae). Molecules 14: 682-725.
  • Campbell MH (1985). Germination, emergence and seedling growth of Hypericum perforatum. Weed Res. 25: 259-266.
  • Carine MA, Christenhusz MJM (2010). About this volume, the monograph of Hypericum by Norman Robson. Phytotaxa 4: 1-4.
  • Carta A, Bedini G, Giannotti A, Savio L, Peruzzi L (2015). Mating system modulates degree of seed dormancy in Hypericum elodes L. (Hypericaceae). Seed Sci. Res. 25: 299-305.
  • Carta A, Probert R, Puglia G, Peruzzi L, Bedini G (2016). Local climate explains degree of seed dormancy in Hypericum elodes L. (Hypericaceae). Plant Biol. 18: 76-82.
  • Cerabolini B, Rossella A, Roberta M, Ceriani SP, Barbara R (2004). Seed germination ve conservation of endangered species from the Italian Alps, Physoplexis comosa ve Primula glaucescens. Biol. Conserv. 117: 351-356.
  • Chen SY, Shing-Rong K, Ching-Te C (2008). Roles of gibberellins and abscisic acid in dormancy and germination of red bayberry (Myrica rubra) seeds. Tree Physiol. 28: 1431-1439.
  • Coronado MES, Olvera C, Guzman JM, Rubalcava MLM, Orozco S, Anaya AL, Segovia AO (2015). Complex dormancy in the seeds of Hypericum philonotis. Flora 213: 32-39.
  • Çamaş N, Çalışkan Ö (2011). Breaking of seed dormancy in Hypericum leptophyllum Hochst., an endemic Turkish species. J. Med. Plant. Res. 5: 6968-6971.
  • Çırak, C (2007). Seed germination protocols for ex situ conservation of some Hypericum species from Turkey. Am. J. Plant Physiol. 2: 287-294.
  • Çırak C, Bertoli (2013). Aromatic profiling of wild and rare species growing in Turkey: Hypericum aviculariifolium Jaub. and Spach subsp. depilatum (Freyn and Bornm.) Robson var. depilatum and Hypericum pruinatum Boiss. and Bal. Nat. Prod. Res. 27: 100-107.
  • Çırak, C, Kurt D (2014). Hypericum species as important medicinal plants. J. Aegean Agric. Res. Institute 24: 42-58.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J (2007). Variation of hyperforin in Hypericum montbretii during its phenological cycle. Nat. Prod. Res. 21: 1151-1156.
  • Çırak C, Ayan A, Kevseroğlu K, Çalışkan Ö (2004a). Germination rate of St. John’s Worth (Hypericum perforatum L.) seeds exposed to different light intensities and illumination periods. J. Biol. Sci. 4: 279-282.
  • Çırak C, Ayan AK, Kevseroğlu K (2004b). The effects of light and some presoaking treatments on germination rate of St. John’s Worth (Hypericum perforatum L.) seeds. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 7:182-186.
  • Çırak C, Sağlam B, Ayan AK, Kevseroğlu K (2006a). Morphogenetic and diurnal variation of hypericin in some Hypericum species from Turkey during the course of ontogenesis. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 34: 1-13.
  • Çırak C, Ayan AK, Kevseroglu K (2006b). Physical and physiological seed dormancy of some Hypericum species growing in Turkey. Plant Breed. Seed Sci. 53: 3-8.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Janulis V, Ivanauskas L (2007a). Chemical constituents of some Hypericum species growing in Turkey. J. Plant Biol. 50: 632-635.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Janulis V, Ivanauskas L (2007b). Secondary metabolites in Hypericum perfoliatum: variation among plant parts and phenological stages. Bot. Helv. 117: 29-36.
  • Çırak C, Kevseroglu K, Ayan AK (2007c). Breaking of seed dormancy in a Turkish endemic Hypericum species: Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum by light and some pre-soaking treatments. J. Arid Environ. 68: 159-164.
  • Çırak C, Kevseroğlu K, Odabaş MS (2011a). Farklı Hypericum türlerinde görülen tohum dormansisi ve giderilme metotları. Türkiye IV. Tohumculuk Kongresi, Cilt II, 318-323, Samsun.
  • Çırak C, Odabaş MS, Ayan AK (2011b). Seed germination of Hypericum triquetrifolium and Hypericum heterophyllum. In: Odabas MS, Çırak C (Eds) Hypericum. Med. Aromat. Plant Sci. Biotechnol. 5 (Special Issue 1): 105-107.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Çamaş N, Çalışkan Ö, Odabaş MS (2013). Changes in the contents of main secondary metabolites in two Turkish Hypericum species during plant development. Pharm. Biol. 51: 391-399.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Ivanauskas L, Jakstas V, Çamaş N (2014a). Phenological changes in the chemical content of wild and greenhouse-grown Hypericum pruinatum: Flavonoids. Turkish J. Agric. Forest. 38: 362-370.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Karpaviciene B, Çamaş N, Odabaş MS (2014b). Changes in phenolic content of wild and greenhouse-grown Hypericum triquetrifolium during plant development. Turkish J. Agric. Forest. 37: 307-314.
  • Çırak C, Radusiene J, Ivanauskas L, Jakstas V, Çamaş N, Kurt D (2015). Phenological changes in the chemical content of wild and greenhouse-grown Hypericum pruinatum: hypericins, hyperforins and phenolic acids. Res. & Rev. J. Bot. 4: 37-47.
  • Davis PH (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press.
  • Donohue K, de Casas RR, Burghardt L, Kovach K, Willis CG (2010). Germination, postgermination adaptation, and species ecological ranges. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 41: 293-319.
  • Finch-Savage WE, Footitt S (2012). To germinate or not to germinate: a question of dormancy relief not germination stimulation. Seed Sci. Res. 22: 243-248.
  • Gül LB, Özdemir N, Gül O, Çırak C, Çon AH (2017). Bioactive properties and antimicrobial activity of some Hypericum species growing wild in Black Sea region of Turkey. Ith International Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Congress. May 06-10, Konya, Turkey.
  • Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (2012). List of Turkish Flora (Vascular Plants). Publication of Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden and Flora Research Fondation, İstanbul. Available online at http,//www.bizimbitkiler.org.tr/v2/hiyerarsi.php?c=Hypericum.
  • Kim H, Kim SW, Seok KH, Hwang CW, Ahn JC, Jin J, Kang HW (2018). Hypericin-assisted photodynamic therapy against anaplastic thyroid cancer. Photodiagn. Photodyn. 24: 15-21.
  • Ma L, Pan X, Zhou F, Liu K, Wang L (2018). Hyperforin protects against acute cerebral ischemic injury through inhibition of interleukin-17A-mediated microglial activation. Brain Res. 1678: 254-261.
  • Maltaş E, Uysal A, Yildiztugay E, Aladağ MO, Yıldız S, Küçüködük M (2013). Investigation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of some Hypericum species. Fresen. Environ. Bull. 22: 862-869.
  • Miransari M, Smith DL (2014). Plant hormones and seed germination. Environ. Exp. Bot. 99: 110-121.
  • Perez-Garcia F, Huertas M, Mora E, Pena B, Varela F, Gonzalez-Benito ME (2006). Hypericum perforatum L. seed germination: interpopulation variation and effect of light, temperature, presowing treatments and seed desiccation. Genet. Resour. Crop. Evol. 53: 1187-98.
  • Ramalhete N, Machado A, Serrano R, Gomes ET, Mota-Filipe H, Silva O (2016). Comparative study on the in vivo antidepressant activities of the Portuguese Hypericum foliosum, Hypericum androsaemum and Hypericum perforatum medicinal plants. Ind. Crop. Prod. 82: 29-36.
  • Rodriguez-Amigo B, Delcanale P, Rotger G, Juarez-Jimenez J, Viappiani C (2015). The complex of hypericin with β-lactoglobulin has antimicrobial activity with potential applications in dairy industry. J. Dairy Sci. 98: 89-94.
  • Schiavone BIP, Verotta L, Rosato A, Marilena M, Gibbons S, Bombardelli E, Franchini C, Corbo F (2014). Anticancer and antibacterial activity of hyperforin and its derivatives. Anticancer Agents Med. Chem. 14: 1397-1401.
  • Shih CM, Wu CH, Wu WJ, Hsiao YM, Ko JL (2018). Hypericin inhibits hepatitis C virus replication via deacetylation and down-regulation of heme oxygenase-1. Phytomedicine 46: 193-198.
  • Solomon D, Adams J, Graves N (2013). Economic evaluation of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) for the treatment of mild to moderate depression. J. Affect. Disord. 148: 228-34.
  • Thompson K, Ooi MKJ (2010). To germinate or not: more than just a question of dormancy. Seed Sci. Res. 20: 209-211.
  • Valentao P, Dias A, Ferreira M, Silva B, Andrade PB, Bastos ML, Seabra RM (2003). Variability in phenolic composition of Hypericum androsaemum. Nat. Prod. Res. 17: 135-140.
  • Walck JL, Hidayati SN, Dixon KW, Thompson K, Poschlod P (2011). Climate change and plant regeneration from seed. Glob. Change Biolo. 17: 2145-2161.
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There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cüneyt Çırak 0000-0002-6920-1199

Ertan Sait Kurtar This is me 0000-0002-7203-7430

Publication Date October 14, 2019
Submission Date June 27, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çırak, C., & Kurtar, E. S. (2019). Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences, 9(1), 14-21.
AMA Çırak C, Kurtar ES. Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi. MJAVL. October 2019;9(1):14-21.
Chicago Çırak, Cüneyt, and Ertan Sait Kurtar. “Hypericum Aviculariifolium Subsp. Depilatum Var. Depilatum Ve H. Pruinatum Da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi”. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences 9, no. 1 (October 2019): 14-21.
EndNote Çırak C, Kurtar ES (October 1, 2019) Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences 9 1 14–21.
IEEE C. Çırak and E. S. Kurtar, “Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi”, MJAVL, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 14–21, 2019.
ISNAD Çırak, Cüneyt - Kurtar, Ertan Sait. “Hypericum Aviculariifolium Subsp. Depilatum Var. Depilatum Ve H. Pruinatum Da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi”. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences 9/1 (October 2019), 14-21.
JAMA Çırak C, Kurtar ES. Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi. MJAVL. 2019;9:14–21.
MLA Çırak, Cüneyt and Ertan Sait Kurtar. “Hypericum Aviculariifolium Subsp. Depilatum Var. Depilatum Ve H. Pruinatum Da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi”. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, pp. 14-21.
Vancouver Çırak C, Kurtar ES. Hypericum aviculariifolium subsp. depilatum var. depilatum ve H. pruinatum da In Vitro Tohum Çimlenmesi. MJAVL. 2019;9(1):14-21.