Experiential Tourist Guiding: A Conceptual Framework and Model Suggestion

Abstract

Today's technological, economic, social, and psychological developments emphasize the individual aspect of the consumer's needs, expectations, and desires. Therefore, tourism is entering a new era that is being shaped by more creative, diversified, unique, reliable, and unforgettable experiences at the point of individualization. In this era, the tourism and hospitality industry has undergone a more privatized transformation to keep up with the fast-changing world and survive. One of the mechanisms contributing to this process is an experiential tourism, which is thought to shape future tourism. In addition, it is predicted that experiential tourism, with its new models, will make the tourist guide one of the more active and functional aspects of the tourist's individual experience process and will give a brand new meaning to tourist guiding. However, in the relevant literature, it is seen that the context of experiential tourism has not been sufficiently clarified, and different perspectives have not been developed, especially regarding the role of the tourist guide in experiential tourism. Based on this gap, this study aims to create a conceptual framework and propose a model for experiential tourist guiding by examining the context of experiential tourism in the light of relevant literature. Experiential tourist guiding was conceptualized as the guide's experiential role performance, which consists of designing, executing, and developing the tourist's experience process. The model in question was created with the factors (personal and professional resources of the guide, tourist, destination, experiencescape, providers, local society, and global developments) affecting the guide's experiential role performance and the tourist's experience process with a guide and the outputs (guide, experiential tourist, business, destination, tourism industry, and other sectors) of this process, as well as contains multiple recommendations for further research.

Keywords

• Experiential Tourism
• Experiential Tourist Guiding
• Experiential Role Performance

Deneyimsel Turist Rehberliği: Kavramsal Bir Çerçeve ve Model Önerisi

Abstract

Günümüzdeki teknolojik, ekonomik, sosyal ve psikolojik gelişmeler; tüketicinin ihtiyaçlarının, beklentilerinin ve isteklerinin bireysel yönünü daha baskın hale getirmektedir. Dolayısıyla turizm; bireyselleşme noktasında daha yaratıcı, çeşitlendirilmiş, benzersiz, güvenilir ve unutulmaz deneyimler ile şekillenerek yeni bir çağa girmektedir. Bu çağda turizm sektörü, değişen dünyaya ayak uydurmak ve varlığını sürdürmek için daha da özelleştirilmiş bir dönüşüm geçirmektedir. Bu sürece önemli katkı sunan mekanizmalardan biri de geleceğin turizmini şekillendireceği düşünülen deneyimsel turizmdir. Ayrıca yeni modelleriyle deneyimsel turizmin, özellikle turist rehberini turistin bireysel deneyim sürecinin daha aktif ve işlevsel yönlerinden biri haline getireceği ve turist rehberliğine yepyeni bir anlam kazandıracağı öngörülmektedir. Ancak ilgili literatürde, deneyimsel turizmin içeriğinin yeterli düzeyde açıklığa kavuşturulmadığı ve özellikle turist rehberinin deneyimsel turizmdeki rollerine yönelik farklı bakış açılarının geliştirilmediği görülmektedir. Bu boşluktan hareketle, bu çalışmanın amacı; ilgili literatür ışığında, deneyimsel turizmin içeriğini irdeleyerek deneyimsel turist rehberliği ile ilgili kavramsal bir çerçeve oluşturmak ve model önerisinde bulunmaktır. Çalışmada, deneyimsel turist rehberliği; turistin deneyimleme sürecini tasarlama, yürütme ve geliştirme bileşenlerinden oluşan deneyimsel rol performansı bağlamında kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Söz konusu model ise rehberin deneyimsel rol performansını ve turistin rehber eşliğindeki deneyimleme sürecini etkileyen faktörler (rehberin kişisel ve mesleki kaynakları, deneyimsel turist, destinasyon, deneyim ortamı, deneyim sağlayıcıları, yerel toplum ve küresel gelişmeler) ve bu sürecin çıktıları (rehbere, deneyimsel turiste, işletme ve destinasyona, turizm endüstrisine ve diğer sektörlere yönelik) ile oluşturulmuştur. Bu model, gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalar için birçok öneri sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Deneyimsel Turizm
• Deneyimsel Turist Rehberliği
• Deneyimsel Rol Performansı

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