Geçiş Ekonomilerine Yönelik Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımın Belirleyicileri

Abstract

Sovyetler Birliğinin çöküşüyle birlikte piyasa ekonomisine uyum sağlama sürecine giren geçiş ekonomileri son dönemde dünya doğrudan yabancı sermaye akışından aldığı payı hızla artırmıştır. 2016 yılında gelişmekte olan ülkelere yönelik doğrudan yabancı yatırım %14 azalırken, geçiş ekonomilerine yönelik doğrudan yabancı yatırımda %81 artış yaşanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmanın temel amacı 24 Geçiş Ekonomisine yönelik doğrudan yabancı yatırımın belirleyicilerinin ampirik olarak araştırılmasıdır. Etkisi araştırılan değişkenler gelir, dışa açıklık oranı, enflasyon, doğal kaynaklar, altyapı, ekonomik özgürlük düzeyi, ücretler ve kümelenmedir. Araştırma 2001-2015 dönemini kapsamakta ve yıllık veri kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmada panel veri analizi yaklaşımı kullanılmaktadır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; gelir, altyapı ve kümelenmenin doğrudan yabancı yatırım üzerinde pozitif etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, ücretler ve doğrudan yabancı yatırım arasında ise negatif bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım,Geçiş Ekonomileri,Panel Regresyon Analizi

The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Transition Countries

Abstract

The transition economies that integrated with the market economy together with the collapse of the Soviet Union have recently increased it’s share of world foreign direct capital flows. In 2016, foreign direct investment in emerging countries decreased by 14%, while foreign direct investment in transition economies increased by 81%. In this direction, the main purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment in 24 transition economies. Variables that are investigated the effect are income, openness rate, inflation, natural resources, infrastructure, level of economic freedom, wages and aggregation. The study includes the periods 2001-2015 and annual data are used. In the study, panel data analysis approach are used. According to the results of the analysis, income, infrastructure and aggregation have positive effect on foreign direct investment. However, there is a negative relationship between wages and foreign direct investment.

Keywords

• Foreign Direct Investment,Transition Economies,Panel Regression Analysis

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