Research Article
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A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents

Year 2021, , 2218 - 2225, 20.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.780118

Abstract

We analyze a restricted pro-con random choice model of Dogan and Yildiz (2018) in which there are only two observable orderings relevant for choice such as price and quality. An agent is endowed with two orderings that both serve as pro-orderings and con-orderings. For each choice set, if an alternative is the top-ranked (bottom-ranked) by one of these orderings, then this is a pro (con) for choosing that alternative. Each pro or con item has a weight reflecting its salience. Each alternative is chosen with a probability proportional to the total weight of its pros and cons. In our analysis, we provide a set of choice axioms, which guarantee that the observed choices can be generated via a pro-con random choice model with respect to two given observable orderings. A notable aspect of this characterization is that the associated axioms discipline the choice behavior when choice sets present attraction effect scenarios. This indicates the tight connection between the model and the attraction effect phenomena.

References

  • Abadan-Unat, N. (2017). Bitmeyen göç konuk işçilikten ulus-ötesi yurttaşlığa. İsanbul: Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Adaş, C. G. (2002). Etkin ücret hipotezi, işsizlik ve ücret rijidliği. İktisat Fakültesi Mecmuası, 52(1), 103-156.
  • Angrist, J., & Kugler, A. (2001). Protective or counter-productive? European labor market institutions and the effect of immigrants on EU natives. NBER Working Paper, No: 8660. https://doi.org/10.3386/w8660
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data. John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.
  • Bijak, Jakub (2006). Forecasting international migration: Selected theories, models and methods. CEFMR Working Paper.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: Evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper, No: 1875.
  • Boubtane, E., Coulibaly, D., & Rault, C. (2013). Immigration, growth, and unemployment: Panel VAR evidence from OECD Countries. Labour, 27(4), 399-420. https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.12017
  • Breunig, R., Deutscher, N., & To, H. T. (2017). The relationship between immigration to Australia and the labour market outcomes of Australian-Born workers. Economic Record, 93(301), 255-276. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-4932.12328
  • Carrasco, R., Jimeno, J. F., & Ortega, A. C. (2008). The effect of immigration on the labor market performance of native-born workers: Some evidence for Spain. Journal of Population Economics, 21(3), 627-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-006-0112-9
  • Castles, S., & Miller, M. J. (1993). The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world. Macmillan.
  • Castles, S., & Miller, M. J. (2008). Göçler çağı: Modern Dünyada uluslararası göç hareketleri. (Çev. Bal, B. U., & Akbulut, İ.). İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Cohen-Goldner, S., & Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of immigration on natives’ labor market outcomes : Evidence from Israel. IZA Discussion Papers, No: 1315.
  • Damette, O., & Fromentin, V. (2013). Migration and labour markets in OECD countries: A panel cointegration approach. Applied Economics, 45(16), 2295-2304. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2012.661400
  • Docquier, F., Ozden, Ç., & Peri, G. (2016). The labour market effects of immigration and emigration in OECD countries. IZA Discussion Paper, No: 6258. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781
  • Douglas, M., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (2014). Uluslararası göç kuramlarının bir değerlendirmesi. (Çev. Dedeoğlu, S., Oskay, B., Özbek, Ç., Sirkeci, İ., & Yüceşahin, M.). Göç Dergisi, 1(1), 11-46.
  • Durkaya, M., & Ceylan, S. (2016). İşsizliğin azaltılmasında kamu kesimi büyüklüğünün rolü. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 53(615), 23-40.
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F., & Preston, I. (2005). The impact of immigration on the British labour market. Economic Journal, 115(507), F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Edo, A. (2015). The impact of immigration on native wages and employment. B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, 15(3), 1151-1196. https://doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2014-0075
  • Eurostat. (2020). Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database. (Accesed Date: 02.07.2020).
  • Georgiana Noja, G., & Son, L. (2016). Challenges of international migration in a globalized world: implications for Europe. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 2(3), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.23.2001
  • Glitz, A. (2012). The labor market impact of immigration: A quasi-experiment exploiting immigrant location rules in Germany. Journal of Labor Economics, 30(1), 175-213.
  • Güllüpınar, F. (2012). Göç olgusunun ekonomi-politiği ve uluslararası göç kuramları üzerine bir değerlendirme. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(4), 53-85.
  • Gündoğmuş, B. (2018). Göç, din ve siyaset Avrupa'da milli görüş. Bilsam Yayıncılık.
  • Heywood, A. (2013). Küresel siyaset. Liberte Yayınları.
  • IOM. (2020). World Migration Report 2020. Retrieved from: https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020.pdf. (Accesed Date: 12.09.2020).
  • Islam, A. (2007). Immigration unemployment relationship: The evidence from Canada. Australian Economic Papers, 46(1), 52-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.2007.00305.x
  • Jean, S., & Jiménez, M. (2011). The unemployment impact of immigration in OECD countries. European Journal of Political Economy, 27(2), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2010.11.006
  • Latif, E. (2015). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: Panel data evidence from Canada. Economic Modelling, 50, 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2015.06.013
  • Lee, E. S. (1966). A theory of migration. Demography, Population Association of America, 3(1), 47-57.
  • Lewis, W. A. (1954). Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour. The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 22(2), 139-191.
  • Longhi, S., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2006). The impact of immigration on the employment of natives in regional labour markets: A meta-analysis. IZA Discussion Paper, No: 2044.
  • Longhi, S., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2010). Joint impacts of immigration on wages and employment: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Geographical Systems, 12, 355-387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-010-0111-y
  • Lucchino, P., Rosazza-Bondibene, C., & Portes, J. (2012). Examining the relationship between immigration and unemployment using national insurance number registration data. NIESR Discussion Paper, No: 386.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346.
  • Meyer, J; Brian Rowan. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony, American Journal of Sociology, 83 (2), 340-363.
  • Moreno-Galbis, E., & Tritah, A. (2016). The effects of immigration in frictional labor markets: Theory and empirical evidence from EU countries. European Economic Review, 84, 76-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.10.001
  • Núñez, I., & Livanos, I. (2010). Higher education and unemployment in Europe: An analysis of the academic subject and national effects. Higher Education, 59(4), 475-487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9260-7
  • Okun, A. M. (1962). Potential GNP: Its measurement and significance. Cowles Foundation Paper.
  • Ortega, F., & Peri, G. (2009). The causes and effects of international migrations: Evidence from OECD countries 1980-2005. NBER Working Paper Series, No: 14833.
  • Ortiz, J., Grimée, J., & Prichard, T. (2015). Analyzing the impact of immigration on unemployment in European Union [Econometric Analysis Undergraduate Research Papers]. College of Liberal Arts - Ivan Allen College (IAC).
  • Ozcan, B. (2020). The relationship between immigration, labour market conditions and GDP: Evidence from the states of the USA. Global Business and Economics Review, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1504/gber.2020.10029805
  • Pazarlıoğlu, V., & Çevik, E. İ. (2007). Verimlilik, ücretler ve işsizlik oranları arasındaki ilişkinin analizi: Türkiye örneği. Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 14(2), 1-17.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.951.
  • Petersen, W. (1958). A general typology of migration. American Sociological Review, 23(3), 256-266.
  • Piore, M. J. (1986). The shifting grounds for immigration. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 485, 23-33.
  • Pischke, J. S., & Velling, J. (1997). Employment effects of immigration to Germany: An analysis based on local labor markets. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 79(4), 594-604.
  • Ravenstein, E. G. (1885). The laws of migration. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, 48(2), 167-235.
  • Robinson, R. (2005). Beyond the state-bounded immigrant incorporation regime: Transnational migrant communities: Their potential contribution to Canada’s leadership role and influence in a globalized world. The North-South Institute.
  • Stark, O., & Bloom, D. E. (1985). The new economics of labor migration. The American Economic Review, 75(2), 173-178.
  • Strielkowski, W., & Troshchenkov, S. (2013). Economic impact of immigration in Canada. Актуальні Проблеми Економіки, 8(146), 443-450.
  • Teichler, U. (1999). Higher education policy and the world of work: Changing conditions and challenges. Higher Education Policy, 12, 285-312.
  • UNECE. (2020). Retrieved from: https://w3.unece.org. (Accesed Date: 02.07.2020).
  • Yılmaz, Ö. G. (2005). Türkiye ekonomisinde büyüme ile işsizlik oranları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi. Ekonometri ve İstatistik e-Dergisi, 2, 63-76.

Kısmi Rasyonel Bireyler İçin Basit Bir Seçim Modeli

Year 2021, , 2218 - 2225, 20.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.780118

Abstract

Doğan ve Yıldız’ın (2018) lehde veya aleyhte olasılıksal seçim modelinin, fiyat ve kalite gibi, sadece iki tane ve gözlemlenebilir sıralama olduğu duruma kısıtlanmış halini analiz ediyoruz. Lehde veya aleyhte kullanılabilir iki gözlemlenebilir sıralamaya sahip bir birey düşünelim. Her seçim kümesi için bir alternatif eğer bir sıralamanın en tepesinde (en altında) yer alıyorsa, bu onun seçilmesi için lehinedir (aleyhinedir). Lehde ve aleyhde olan her bir durumun etkisini gösteren bir ağırlığı vardır. Her bir alternatif lehindeki ve aleyhindeki sıralamaların ağırlıkları toplamıyla orantısal olasılıkla seçilmektedir. Analizimizde, bireyin gözlemlenen seçimlerinin verili iki sıralama için lehde veya aleyhte olasılıksal seçim modeliyle tutarlı olmasını garanti eden seçim aksiyomlarını buluyoruz. Bu karakterizasyonun göze çarpan yönlerinden bir tanesi ilgili aksiyomların seçim kümelerinin cazibe etkisi senaryosu sergilediği durumlardaki seçim davranışını disipline sokmasıdır. Bu durum mevcut modelle cazibe etkisi kavramı arasındaki kuvvetli ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Abadan-Unat, N. (2017). Bitmeyen göç konuk işçilikten ulus-ötesi yurttaşlığa. İsanbul: Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Adaş, C. G. (2002). Etkin ücret hipotezi, işsizlik ve ücret rijidliği. İktisat Fakültesi Mecmuası, 52(1), 103-156.
  • Angrist, J., & Kugler, A. (2001). Protective or counter-productive? European labor market institutions and the effect of immigrants on EU natives. NBER Working Paper, No: 8660. https://doi.org/10.3386/w8660
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2005). Econometric analysis of panel data. John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.
  • Bijak, Jakub (2006). Forecasting international migration: Selected theories, models and methods. CEFMR Working Paper.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: Evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper, No: 1875.
  • Boubtane, E., Coulibaly, D., & Rault, C. (2013). Immigration, growth, and unemployment: Panel VAR evidence from OECD Countries. Labour, 27(4), 399-420. https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.12017
  • Breunig, R., Deutscher, N., & To, H. T. (2017). The relationship between immigration to Australia and the labour market outcomes of Australian-Born workers. Economic Record, 93(301), 255-276. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-4932.12328
  • Carrasco, R., Jimeno, J. F., & Ortega, A. C. (2008). The effect of immigration on the labor market performance of native-born workers: Some evidence for Spain. Journal of Population Economics, 21(3), 627-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-006-0112-9
  • Castles, S., & Miller, M. J. (1993). The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world. Macmillan.
  • Castles, S., & Miller, M. J. (2008). Göçler çağı: Modern Dünyada uluslararası göç hareketleri. (Çev. Bal, B. U., & Akbulut, İ.). İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Cohen-Goldner, S., & Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of immigration on natives’ labor market outcomes : Evidence from Israel. IZA Discussion Papers, No: 1315.
  • Damette, O., & Fromentin, V. (2013). Migration and labour markets in OECD countries: A panel cointegration approach. Applied Economics, 45(16), 2295-2304. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2012.661400
  • Docquier, F., Ozden, Ç., & Peri, G. (2016). The labour market effects of immigration and emigration in OECD countries. IZA Discussion Paper, No: 6258. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781
  • Douglas, M., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (2014). Uluslararası göç kuramlarının bir değerlendirmesi. (Çev. Dedeoğlu, S., Oskay, B., Özbek, Ç., Sirkeci, İ., & Yüceşahin, M.). Göç Dergisi, 1(1), 11-46.
  • Durkaya, M., & Ceylan, S. (2016). İşsizliğin azaltılmasında kamu kesimi büyüklüğünün rolü. Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar, 53(615), 23-40.
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F., & Preston, I. (2005). The impact of immigration on the British labour market. Economic Journal, 115(507), F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Edo, A. (2015). The impact of immigration on native wages and employment. B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, 15(3), 1151-1196. https://doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2014-0075
  • Eurostat. (2020). Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database. (Accesed Date: 02.07.2020).
  • Georgiana Noja, G., & Son, L. (2016). Challenges of international migration in a globalized world: implications for Europe. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 2(3), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.23.2001
  • Glitz, A. (2012). The labor market impact of immigration: A quasi-experiment exploiting immigrant location rules in Germany. Journal of Labor Economics, 30(1), 175-213.
  • Güllüpınar, F. (2012). Göç olgusunun ekonomi-politiği ve uluslararası göç kuramları üzerine bir değerlendirme. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(4), 53-85.
  • Gündoğmuş, B. (2018). Göç, din ve siyaset Avrupa'da milli görüş. Bilsam Yayıncılık.
  • Heywood, A. (2013). Küresel siyaset. Liberte Yayınları.
  • IOM. (2020). World Migration Report 2020. Retrieved from: https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020.pdf. (Accesed Date: 12.09.2020).
  • Islam, A. (2007). Immigration unemployment relationship: The evidence from Canada. Australian Economic Papers, 46(1), 52-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8454.2007.00305.x
  • Jean, S., & Jiménez, M. (2011). The unemployment impact of immigration in OECD countries. European Journal of Political Economy, 27(2), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2010.11.006
  • Latif, E. (2015). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: Panel data evidence from Canada. Economic Modelling, 50, 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2015.06.013
  • Lee, E. S. (1966). A theory of migration. Demography, Population Association of America, 3(1), 47-57.
  • Lewis, W. A. (1954). Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour. The Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, 22(2), 139-191.
  • Longhi, S., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2006). The impact of immigration on the employment of natives in regional labour markets: A meta-analysis. IZA Discussion Paper, No: 2044.
  • Longhi, S., Nijkamp, P., & Poot, J. (2010). Joint impacts of immigration on wages and employment: Review and meta-analysis. Journal of Geographical Systems, 12, 355-387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-010-0111-y
  • Lucchino, P., Rosazza-Bondibene, C., & Portes, J. (2012). Examining the relationship between immigration and unemployment using national insurance number registration data. NIESR Discussion Paper, No: 386.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346.
  • Meyer, J; Brian Rowan. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony, American Journal of Sociology, 83 (2), 340-363.
  • Moreno-Galbis, E., & Tritah, A. (2016). The effects of immigration in frictional labor markets: Theory and empirical evidence from EU countries. European Economic Review, 84, 76-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.10.001
  • Núñez, I., & Livanos, I. (2010). Higher education and unemployment in Europe: An analysis of the academic subject and national effects. Higher Education, 59(4), 475-487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9260-7
  • Okun, A. M. (1962). Potential GNP: Its measurement and significance. Cowles Foundation Paper.
  • Ortega, F., & Peri, G. (2009). The causes and effects of international migrations: Evidence from OECD countries 1980-2005. NBER Working Paper Series, No: 14833.
  • Ortiz, J., Grimée, J., & Prichard, T. (2015). Analyzing the impact of immigration on unemployment in European Union [Econometric Analysis Undergraduate Research Papers]. College of Liberal Arts - Ivan Allen College (IAC).
  • Ozcan, B. (2020). The relationship between immigration, labour market conditions and GDP: Evidence from the states of the USA. Global Business and Economics Review, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1504/gber.2020.10029805
  • Pazarlıoğlu, V., & Çevik, E. İ. (2007). Verimlilik, ücretler ve işsizlik oranları arasındaki ilişkinin analizi: Türkiye örneği. Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 14(2), 1-17.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.951.
  • Petersen, W. (1958). A general typology of migration. American Sociological Review, 23(3), 256-266.
  • Piore, M. J. (1986). The shifting grounds for immigration. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 485, 23-33.
  • Pischke, J. S., & Velling, J. (1997). Employment effects of immigration to Germany: An analysis based on local labor markets. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 79(4), 594-604.
  • Ravenstein, E. G. (1885). The laws of migration. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, 48(2), 167-235.
  • Robinson, R. (2005). Beyond the state-bounded immigrant incorporation regime: Transnational migrant communities: Their potential contribution to Canada’s leadership role and influence in a globalized world. The North-South Institute.
  • Stark, O., & Bloom, D. E. (1985). The new economics of labor migration. The American Economic Review, 75(2), 173-178.
  • Strielkowski, W., & Troshchenkov, S. (2013). Economic impact of immigration in Canada. Актуальні Проблеми Економіки, 8(146), 443-450.
  • Teichler, U. (1999). Higher education policy and the world of work: Changing conditions and challenges. Higher Education Policy, 12, 285-312.
  • UNECE. (2020). Retrieved from: https://w3.unece.org. (Accesed Date: 02.07.2020).
  • Yılmaz, Ö. G. (2005). Türkiye ekonomisinde büyüme ile işsizlik oranları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi. Ekonometri ve İstatistik e-Dergisi, 2, 63-76.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kemal Yıldız 0000-0003-4352-3197

Publication Date October 20, 2021
Submission Date August 13, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Yıldız, K. (2021). A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(4), 2218-2225. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.780118
AMA Yıldız K. A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents. MJSS. October 2021;10(4):2218-2225. doi:10.33206/mjss.780118
Chicago Yıldız, Kemal. “A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 10, no. 4 (October 2021): 2218-25. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.780118.
EndNote Yıldız K (October 1, 2021) A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 10 4 2218–2225.
IEEE K. Yıldız, “A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents”, MJSS, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2218–2225, 2021, doi: 10.33206/mjss.780118.
ISNAD Yıldız, Kemal. “A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi 10/4 (October 2021), 2218-2225. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.780118.
JAMA Yıldız K. A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents. MJSS. 2021;10:2218–2225.
MLA Yıldız, Kemal. “A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents”. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 4, 2021, pp. 2218-25, doi:10.33206/mjss.780118.
Vancouver Yıldız K. A Simple Choice Model for Boundedly Rational Agents. MJSS. 2021;10(4):2218-25.

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