İki Kültür Bağlamında Eğitim Programı Teorisi

Year 2021, , 635 - 661, 26.01.2021

Volkan Duran

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.797495

Abstract

İki Kültür, İki Kültür ve Bilimsel Devrim adlı kitapta, C. P. Snow'un (1959) popüler konuşma konferansının ilk bölümüdür. Temel argüman, fen ve sosyal bilimlerin Batı medeniyetinin entelektüel tarihinde "iki kültüre" ayrılmış olduğu ve bu ayrılığın hem günümüz dünyasının sorunlarını ele almada önemli bir engel haline geldiği yönündedir ki bu ayrılık, hem günümüz dünyasının sorunlarının ele alınmasında önemli bir engel haline gelmesi mekanik görüş ve kartezyen felsefe bağlamında anlaşılabilir. Fikir, yalnızca doğa bilimlerinde değil, aynı zamanda sosyal bilimlerde de kendine bir konum bulmak konusunda çok güçlü bir temel bulmuştu. Örneğin, 1800'lerin başlarında filozof Auguste Comte, bir mekanik bilimin toplumun karmaşıklıklarını ortadan kaldırmaya yardımcı olabileceği ümidi ile 'Sosyal Fizik' kavramını formüle etmişti. Eğitim programı teorisi, Fordist üretim sisteminin ilkelerine dayanan bu tür görüşlerle de başlatıldı. Ancak bilim adamları, klasik fiziğin kurallarının ve mekanik anlayışın 20. yüzyılın başların da yeterli olmadığını keşfettiler. Bugün, eğitim programı teorisindeki kartezyen perspektiften eğitim programlarında iki kültürü birleştiren daha bütüncül bir bakış açısına doğru benzer paradigma kaymasıyla karşı karşıyayız. Bu nedenle, bu makalenin temel amacı, bu tür bir paradigma kayması bağlamında eğitim programı teorisini tartışmaktır. Bu bağlamda, eğitim programı teorisi, ana odağın fikirler olduğu, eğitim deneyiminin disiplinler-üstü bir çalışması olarak ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

İki Kültür, Epistemoloji, Eğitim Programı Teorisi

Curriculum Theory in the Context of Two Cultures

Abstract

The Two Cultures is the first part of the (1959) popular speech lecture by C. P. Snow, written as a book in the Two Cultures and Scientific Revolution the same year. His argument was that sciences and humanities had been separated into "two cultures" in "the intellectual history of Western civilization” and that this separation became a significant handicap both in addressing the problems of today’s World. This criticism can be understood in the context of mechanistic view and cartesian philosophy. The idea was so pervasive finding itself a position is not only natural science but also in social sciences. For instance, In the early 1800s, philosopher Auguste Comte formulated the name 'Social Physics' with the hope that a mechanistic science could help to break down the complexities of society. Curriculum theory was also begun by such views based on the principles of Fordist production system. However, scientists find that the rules of classical physics and mechanistic view do not necessarily extend to the beginning of the 20th century. Today, we confront a similar paradigm shift in the curriculum theory from the cartesian perspective toward a more holistic view in curriculum theory combining two cultures. Therefore, the main aim of this article is to discuss curriculum theory in the context of such a paradigm shift. In this respect, curriculum theory is taken as the transdisciplinary study of educational experience in which the main focus is ideas.

Keywords

Two Cultures, Epistemology, Curriculum Theory

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