Rusya’nın Ortadoğu’da Taktiksel Hamleleri: Rusya ve Suudi Arabistan İlişkileri

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 1956 - 1969, 21.07.2020

Engin Koç

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.677335

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Bu çalışma Rusya’nın Körfez’de taktiksel ilişkiler kurma çabasını Putin dönemi Rusya-Suudi Arabistan ilişkileri üzerinden incelemektedir. Soğuk Savaş dönemi Sovyetler Birliği-Suudi Arabistan ilişkileri oldukça kırılgan ve düşük düzeyli bir şekilde devam etmiştir. Bu kırılganlıkta, tarafların dönemin bölgesel ve küresel siyasetin dinamiğinden kaynaklanan ideolojik, güvenlik ve ekonomi politikalarında aldığı kararlar belirleyici olmuştur. Rusya, İran ve Suriye ile stratejik ve derin ilişkilere, Suudi Arabistan ise, Amerika ile stratejik ve uzun bir geçmişe dayanan ilişkilere sahiptir. Bu ilişkiler, Rusya ve Suudi Arabistan’ın tarafların ortak iş birliği alanlarını oldukça sınırlamış ve uzun soluklu stratejik bağlar kurmalarına engel olmuştur. Bununla beraber Irak’ın işgali ve Suudi Arabistan’ın Amerikan yaptırımlarına maruz kalması tarafları birbirine yakınlaştırmıştır.
2010 yılı sonrası ise, Rusya-Suudi Arabistan ilişkilerinde Ortadoğu’da yaşanan bazı gelişmelerin belirleyici etkisi olmuştur. Suriye Savaşının devam etmesi, ABD’nin İran ile imzaladığı nükleer anlaşmanın Suudi Arabistan tarafından tedirginlikle karşılanması, Rusya’nın Amerikan yaptırımlarına maruz kalması ilişkilerin derinleşmesinde önemli rol oynayan faktörlerdir. Riyad ile rekabet halinde olan İran ve Türkiye gibi diğer bölge ülkelerinin Rusya ile giderek derinleşen ilişkileri, Suudi Arabistan ve Rusya’nın taktiksel anlamda yakınlaşmasını kolaylaştırmıştır. Bu çalışmada Rusya ve Suudi Arabistan ilişkilerinde Putin dönemi dinamik ve statik unsurlarla birlikte, ikili ilişkilerin seyrini etkileyen faktörler irdelenecektir.

Keywords

Rusya, Suudi Arabistan, Soğuk Savaş, Arap Baharı, Körfez

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