Ellagic Acid Administration on DNA Damage and Some Kidney Function Parameters in BPA-Induced Kidney Damage in Rats

Year 2024, , 58 - 66, 28.04.2024

Feyza Başak , Mehmet Demir

https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1444988

Abstract

Aim: Bisphenols (BPs) are potential hormone disruptors which the general population is exposed in many commonly used products.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical that has been used for many years in the production of some plastics and resins, despite its
adverse effects on the body's metabolic systems. One of the most important organs affected by toxic agents such as BPA and also from
environmental pollutants is the kidneys. Ellagic acid (EA) is a phytochemical polyphenol compound, and many studies report that EA exhibits
antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer and anti-apoptotic properties. The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of EA on BPA-induced
kidney damage.
Material and Methods: In this study, 24 male rats were divided into four groups as Control, BPA (25mg/kg for 30 days), EA (10/mg/kg
for 30 days) and BPA+EA (25mg-10mg/kg for 30 days, respectively) (n=6). At the end of the study, the weights of kidneys taken from
decapitated rats and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine values were measured from the serum. In addition, Picro Sirius Red staining
was performed to reveal the general histological appearance of the kidneys, and immunohistochemical staining was performed using
8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine antibody to reveal the DNA damage occurring in the tissues.
Results: It was observed that the absolute and relative weights of the left kidney increased in the groups where BPA was induced, and
decreased in the BPA+EA group, similar to the control group. It was determined that blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine values
increased significantly in the BPA group compared to the control group, while the values decreased in the BPA+EA group. As a result of
staining with 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine antibody in the glomerulus and tubule structures of the kidney tissues taken from the BPA-induced
group, intense positivity, degeneration and vacuolization in the glomerulus structure, some regional necrosis areas and deterioration of the
tubule structures were observed, while very few stained areas were observed in the EA and control groups, similar to each other. In the
group where BPA and EA were used together, protection of the tissues was observed in both the glomerulus structure and tubule structures
compared to the group where BPA was used alone, and less retention of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was observed.
Conclusion: It has been concluded that the possible damage to kidney tissue caused by BPA, which individuals from all segments of society
may be exposed to, can be reduced by using EA supplements.

Keywords

Kidney, bisphenol A, BUN, ellagic acid, creatinine, 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine

Ratlarda BPA ile Oluşturulan Böbrek Hasarında Ellajik Asit Uygulamasının DNA Hasarı ve Bazı Böbrek Fonksiyon Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bisfenoller (BP'ler), genel popülasyonun yaygın olarak kullandığı birçok üründe bulunan potansiyel
hormon bozuculardır. Bisfenol A (BPA) ise, vücudun metabolik sistemleri üzerindeki olumsuz
etkilerine rağmen, bazı plastik ve reçinelerin üretiminde uzun yıllardır kullanılan endüstriyel bir kimyasaldır.
BPA gibi toksik ajanlardan ve dolayısıyla çevresel kirleticilerden etkilenen en önemli organlardan
biri böbreklerdir. Ellajik asit (EA) fitokimyasal bir polifenol bileşiğidir ve yapılan birçok çalışmada EA’nın
antioksidan, anti-mutajenik, anti-kanser ve anti-apoptotik özellikler sergilediği rapor edilmektedir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı BPA ile indüklenen böbrek hasarı üzerine EA’nın etkisini ortaya koymaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada 24 adet erkek rat, Kontrol, BPA (30 gün süreyle 25mg/kg), EA (30
gün süreyle 10 mg/kg) ve BPA+EA (30 gün süreyle sırasıyla 25mg-10mg/kg) olarak dört gruba ayrıldı
(n=6). Çalışma sonunda dekapite edilen ratlardan alınan böbreklerin ağırlıkları ile kan serumundan kan
üre nitrojeni (BUN) ve kreatinin değerleri ölçüldü. Bunun yanında böbreklerin genel histolojik görüntüsünü
ortaya koymak amacıyla Pikro Sirius Red boyaması, dokularda meydana gelen DNA hasarının ortaya
konulabilmesi amacıyla 8-hidroksideoksiguanozin antikoru kullanılarak immunohistokimyasal boyama
yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda sol böbreğe ait mutlak ve nispi ağırlığın BPA grubunda
artış gösterdiği, BPA+EA grubunda ise kontrole yaklaşarak düştüğü gözlenmiştir. Kan üre azotu (BUN)
ve kreatinin değerlerinde BPA grubunda kontrol grubuna göre ciddi artış olduğu görülmüş, BPA+EA
grubunda ise bu değerlerin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. BPA kullanılan gruptan alınan böbrek dokularında
8-hidroksideoksiguanozin primer antikorunun glomerulus ve tubul yapılarında yoğun pozitif reaksiyon
verdiği, glomerulus yapısında dejenerasyon ve vakuolizasyon olduğu, bazı bölgesel nekroz alanları
bulunduğu ve tubul yapılarının bozulduğu gözlenmiştir. Buna karşın EA ve kontrol gruplarında birbirine
benzer şekilde oldukça az 8-hidroksideoksiguanozin pozitif alana rastlanmıştır. BPA ve EA’nın birlikte
kullanıldığı grupta ise gerek glomerulus yapısı gerek tubul yapılarında BPA’nın tek başına kullanıldığı
gruba göre düzelmeler görülürken 8- hidroksideoksiguanozin pozitif alanların azaldığı gözlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Toplumun her kesiminden bireylerin maruz kalma ihtimali olan BPA’nın böbrek dokusuna
vereceği muhtemel zararların, EA içeren gıda katkı maddeleri kullanılarak azaltılabileceği sonucuna
varılmıştır.

Keywords

Böbrek, bisfenol A, BUN, ellajik asit, Kreatinin, 8-hidroksideoksiguanozin

Ethical Statement

Makalemiz ile ilgili herhangi bir kurum, kuruluş, kişi ile mali çıkar çatışması yoktur ve yazarlar arasında çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır.

Supporting Institution

Bu araştırma kamu, ticari veya kar amacı gütmeyen sektörlerdeki finansman kuruluşlarından herhangi bir özel hibe almamıştır.

Thanks

Laboratuvar teknik desteği için Araş. Gör. Tansu KUŞAT’a teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

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