Review

The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis

Volume: 9 Number: 1 April 30, 2025
TR EN

The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis

Abstract

The most common sexually transmitted virus is Human papillomavirus (HPV), which comes in more than 280 types The basal cells of epithe lial tissues are responsible for taking up the HPV virus in cases of infection and malignancy caused by the virus. HPV, especially through the E6 and E7 proteins of high-risk HPV types, can cause benign infections or malignancies by inactivating tumor suppressor genes, disrupting cell cycle control, activating telomerase, preventing cell adhesion, polarity and differentiation, suppressing the immune system, and prevent ing apoptosis by inactivating tumor suppressor genes (especially p53, pRb). In this review, the effects of Human papillomavirus on epithelial cells were evaluated in terms of morphological changes and the nucle us-cytoplasm ratio mediated by specific proteins of the virus. Morphological changes are discussed under the headings of koilocytosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization, nuclear enlargement, nuclear membrane irregularities, hyperchromasia, abnormal chromatin distribution, micro nucleation, binucleation, karyorrhexis, karyolysis karyopyknosis and nuclear budding. Nuclear architecture changes, which play a crucial role in gene regulation, are particularly prominent. Finally, it is believed that knowledge of the changes that HPV causes in cell nuclear and cytoplasmic texture will facilitate the development of a cost-effective and appropriate approach to explaining cervical cancer pathophysiology, the development of specific biomarkers, and the development of new perspectives in understanding HPV's impact on cancer.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Since it is not an experimental or human study and is a review, ethical approval is not required. In the preparation process of this study, scientific and ethical principles were followed and all studies used were indicated in the references. This article was scanned by iTenticate software. The plagiarism rate was detected as 14%.

References

  1. Boda D, Docea A, Calina D, Ilie M, Caruntu C, Zurac S, Neagu M, Constantin C, Branisteanu D, Voiculescu V, et al. Human papilloma virus: Apprehending the link with carcinogenesis and unveiling new research avenues (Review). International Jour nal of Oncology (2018) doi: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4256
  2. Howie HL, Katzenellenbogen RA, Galloway DA. Papilloma virus E6 proteins. Virology 2009;384:324–334. doi: 10.1016/j. virol.2008.11.017
  3. Safi Oz Z. The ınteraction between human papillomavirus proteins and cytoskeletal filaments. (2012). In: Human Pa pillomavirus and Related Diseases - From Bench to Bedside - Research aspects / Book title: ISBN 978-953-307-855-7 Ed itor: Dr. Davy Vanden Broeck; Intech -Open Access Publisher. Hard cover, 406 pages, 291- 310 http://www.intechopen.com/ articles/show/title/the-interact-on-between-human-papillomavi rus-proteins-and-cytoskeletal-filaments. DOI: 10.5772/28745

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Infectious Diseases, Clinical Microbiology, Pathology

Journal Section

Review

Publication Date

April 30, 2025

Submission Date

October 6, 2024

Acceptance Date

April 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 1

APA
Safi Öz, Z. (2025). The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea, 9(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1562437
AMA
1.Safi Öz Z. The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis. Med J West Black Sea. 2025;9(1):1-6. doi:10.29058/mjwbs.1562437
Chicago
Safi Öz, Zehra. 2025. “The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis”. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea 9 (1): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1562437.
EndNote
Safi Öz Z (April 1, 2025) The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea 9 1 1–6.
IEEE
[1]Z. Safi Öz, “The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis”, Med J West Black Sea, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–6, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.29058/mjwbs.1562437.
ISNAD
Safi Öz, Zehra. “The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis”. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea 9/1 (April 1, 2025): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1562437.
JAMA
1.Safi Öz Z. The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis. Med J West Black Sea. 2025;9:1–6.
MLA
Safi Öz, Zehra. “The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis”. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea, vol. 9, no. 1, Apr. 2025, pp. 1-6, doi:10.29058/mjwbs.1562437.
Vancouver
1.Zehra Safi Öz. The Effect of the Human Papilloma Virus on the Nuclei and Cellular Structure of Cervical Epithelial Cells; Light Microscopy and Cytomorphological Analysis. Med J West Black Sea. 2025 Apr. 1;9(1):1-6. doi:10.29058/mjwbs.1562437

Cited By

The Western Black Sea Medical Journal is an international, peer-reviewed, and open-access journal published by Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University. First launched in 2017, the journal is published three times a year (in April, August, and December) and accepts articles in both Turkish and English.