Üniversite öğrencilerinde temporomandibular disfonksiyon düzeyi ile ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Üniversite öğrencilerinde temporomandibular bozukluklar (TMB) ve bu bozukluklarla ilişkili faktörler sıklıkla gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde farklı temporomandibular bozukluk şiddetleri ile derin boyun fleksör kas dayanıklılığı, kraniovertebral açı, üst boyun mobilitesi ve stres düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel bir çalışma olarak planlanan araştırmamıza, Ankara Medipol Üniversitesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon bölümünden çalışmaya 228 öğrenci dahil edildi. Bireylerin TMB şiddeti Fonseca Anamnestik İndeksi (FAİ) ile, derin boyun fleksör kas enduransı Kranioservikal fleksiyon testi (KSFT) ile, baş önde postür kraniovertebral açı (KVA) ile, üst boyun mobilitesi servikal fleksiyon-rotasyon testi (SFRT) ile, stres düzeyleri ise Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (ASÖ) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: FAİ ile KVA (r=-0.495, p<0.001), SFRT-sağ (r=-0.486, p<0.001) ve SFRT-sol (r=-0.443, p<0.001) arasında orta düzeyde negatif anlamlı bir korelasyon bulundu. Derin boyun fleksörleri-aktivasyon skoru (r=-0.352, p<0.001) ve derin boyun fleksörleri-performans indeks skoru (r=-0.323, p<0.001) ile FAİ arasında zayıf düzeyde negatif anlamlı bir korelasyon belirlendi. Ayrıca, FAİ ile ASÖ arasında zayıf düzeyde pozitif anlamlı bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0.327, p<0.001). TMB şiddeti farklı olan dört grup arasında tüm ölçüm sonuçlarında anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Sonuç: Üniversite öğrencilerinde temporomandibular bozukluklar, kraniovertebral açı, derin boyun fleksör kas dayanıklılığı, üst servikal mobilite ve stres düzeyleri ile ilişkilidir. Bozukluk şiddeti arttıkça tüm bu parametreler olumsuz yönde etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinde TMB ve ilişkili semptomların değerlendirilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

• Öğrenciler
• postür
• stres
• temporomandibular eklem bozuklukları

Investigation of factors associated with the level of temporomandibular dysfunction in university students

Abstract

Aim: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and factors associated with them are frequently observed in university students. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different severities of TMD and deep neck flexor muscle endurance, craniovertebral angle, upper neck mobility, and stress levels in university students. Material and Methods: Our cross-sectional study included 228 students from the Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation at Ankara Medipol University. TMD severity was assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), deep neck flexor muscle endurance using the Craniocervical flexion test (CCFT), head-forward posture using the craniovertebral angle (CVA), upper neck mobility using the cervical flexion- rotation test (CFRT), and stress levels using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Results: Moderate negative correlations were found between FAI and CVA (r=-0.495, p<0.001), CFRT-right (r=-0.486, p<0.001), and CFRTleft (r=-0.443, p<0.001). Weak negative correlations were observed between FAI and both the deep neck flexor activation score (r=-0.352, p<0.001) and performance index score (r=-0.323, p<0.001). In addition, a weak positive correlation was found between FAI and PSS (r=0.327, p<0.001). Significant differences were observed in all measurements across the four TMD severity groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: TMD in university students is associated with craniovertebral angle, deep neck flexor muscle endurance, upper neck mobility, and stress levels. As TMD severity increases, all these parameters are negatively affected. This study highlights the importance of evaluating TMD and related symptoms in university students.

Keywords

• Posture
• stress
• students
• temporomandibular joint disorders

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