Evaluating the Relationship Between Tinnitus Intensity, Noise Sensitivity, Health Anxiety and Depression in Adult Individuals with Tinnitus Complaints

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 218 - 225, 29.05.2021

Esra Tıklar

https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.865332

Abstract

Purpose: Evaluating the relationship between tinnitus intensity, noise sensitivity, health anxiety and depression in adult individuals with tinnitus complaints.
Material and Methods:190 individuals aged 19 and over having tinnitus complaints for at least one year were included in the study. In the study, the General Information Form (GIF), Tinnitus Disability Questionnaire (TDQ), Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS), Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale Short Form (DASS-21) were used and delievered to the participants online. SPSS 22.0 was used for the statistical analyses.
Results: The mean scores of individuals with tinnitus complaint were 49.73±29.40 for TDQ, 56.82±17.94 for WNSS, 19.96±13.90 for DASS-21, 18.33±9.69 for HAI. Tinnitus intensity of 28.6% of people with noise sensitivity was very mild, 12.7% was very severe. A positive correlation was found between the total score of the TDQ and the scores of the DASS-21. A negative correlation was found between the WNSS scores and the total score of the TDQ. There was a statistically significant difference between the upper 1/3, lower 1/3 and middle classification values of the WNSS total scores and the TDQ classification groups. A positive correlation was found between the total score of the TDQ and the HAI and its sub-dimensions (p<0.05).
Conclusions: There was a correlation between the intensity of tinnitus perceived by individuals and depression and health anxiety. A negative relationship was found in noise sensitivity with tinnitus intensity and depression. There is a positive relationship between the classification values of the noise sensitivity groups and the tinnitus intensity classification groups. Considering our findings, the intervention is thought to affect the process for tinnitus positively. Prospective controlled studies are needed to investigate the causality relationship.

Keywords

Tinnitus, health anxiety, noise sensitivity, depression

Tinnitus Şikayeti Olan Yetişkin Bireylerde Tinnitus Şiddeti, Gürültü Hassasiyeti, Sağlık Anksiyetesi ve Depresyon Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Tinnitus şikayeti olan yetişkin bireylerde tinnitus şiddeti, gürültü hassasiyeti, sağlık anksiyetesi ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Method: Web tabanlı (online) yöntemle gerçekleştirilen araştırmaya en az bir yıldır tinnitus şikayeti olan 19 yaş ve üzeri 190 birey dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan Genel Bilgi Formu (GBF), Tinnitus Engellilik Anketi (TEA), Weinstein Gürültü Hassasiyet Ölçeği (WGHÖ), Sağlık Anksiyetesi Envanteri (SAE) ve Depresyon Anksiyete ve Stres Ölçeği Kısa Formu (DASS-21) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılımda gönüllülük kriteri esas alınmıştır. İstatistiksel yöntem olarak çalışmada elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Tinnitus yakınması olan bireylerin TEA ortalama skoru 49,73 ± 29,40, WGHÖ ortalama skoru 56,82 ± 17,94, DASS-21 ortalama skoru 19,96 ± 13,90 ve SAE ortalama skoru 18,33 ± 9,69’dur. Gürültü hassasiyeti olan kişilerin %28,6’sının (n:18) tinnitus şiddeti çok hafif seviyesinde, %12,7’sinin (n:8) çok şiddetli seviyesindedir. TEA total puanı ile DASS-21 puanları arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur. WGHÖ puanları ile TEA toplam puanı arasında negatif yönde bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. WGHÖ toplam puanlarının üst 1/3, alt 1/3 ve orta sınıflama değerleri ile TEA sınıflama grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark vardır. TEA total puanı ile SAE ve alt boyutları arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Bireylerin algıladığı tinnitus şiddeti ile depresyon ve sağlık anksiyetesi arasında pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur. Gürültü hassasiyeti ile tinnitus şiddeti ve depresyon arasında negatif ilişki saptanmıştır. Gürültü hassasiyeti gruplarının sınıflama değerleri ile tinnitus şiddeti sınıflama grupları arasında pozitif ilişki gözlenmektedir. Çalışma bulgularımızın göz önünde bulundurulmasının tinnitusa yönelik müdahale sürecini olumlu yönde etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. Nedensellik ilişkisinin araştırılabilmesi için prospektif kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Keywords

Tinnitus, sağlık anksiyetesi, gürültü hassasiyeti, depresyon

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