Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

İnme Ünitesinde Yatan Hastalarda, Fonksiyonel Değerlendirme Ölçekleri Kullanılarak Klinik Durumun Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 401 - 408, 25.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.948794

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma ile inme ünitesinde yatan hastaların nörolojik durumlarını, yaygın olarak kullanılan
fonksiyonel değerlendirme ölçekleri ile takip ederek bu ölçeklerin iyileşmeyi belirlemedeki etkilerini
karşılaştırıp sadece yürümenin değil dengenin ve düşme riskinin fonksiyonel iyileşme sürecindeki
önemini vurgulamayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Aydın Devlet Hastanesi İnme Ünitesi’nde yatan ve dahil edilme kriterlerini
karşılayan 31 hastanın verileri çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların denge düzeyleri ve postüral kontrolleri; Berg
Denge Skalası (BBS) ile nörolojik değerlendirmeleri Ulusal İnme Sağlık Ölçeği Skalası (NIHSS) ile inmeye
bağlı dizabiliteleri ise modifiye Rankin Skalası (mRS) ile standardize edildi. Hasta değerlendirmelerinin
ilki inme ünitesinden taburcu oldukları gün, ikincisi ise altı ay sonra yapıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışma için 50 hasta değerlendirmeye alındı. Ancak çeşitli nedenlerle 19 hasta dışlandı.
Verileri analiz edilen 31 hastanın %58’i kadın olup yaş ortalamaları 71,1 ± 11,8 yıldı. Hastaların NIHSS
ve mRS skorlarının altı ay sonra anlamlı olarak azaldığı (p<0,001), BBS skorlarının ise anlamlı olarak
artış gösterdiği saptandı (p<0,001). Altı ay sonra mRS skorlarına göre bağımsız hasta sayısındaki
artışın anlamlı olduğu bulundu (p<0,001). Başlangıçta BBS’ye göre hastaların %90’ı (n=28) orta-yüksek
düşme riskine sahipken, bu oran altı ay sonra anlamlı bir şekilde %42’ye (n=13) düştü (p<0,001).
İlk değerlendirmede BBS ve mRS’ye göre hastaların düşme risk varlığı ve bağımlı olma durumları
karşılaştırıldığında BBS’nin daha yüksek düzeyde limitasyon bildirdiği saptandı (χ²=5,26; p=0,022).
İkinci değerlendirmede de BBS’nin mRS’ye kıyasla daha yüksek düzeyde limitasyon bildirdiği saptandı
(χ²=14,9; p<0,001). BBS, mRS ve NIHSS ölçeklerinin ilk ve son değerlendirme skorları arasındaki korelasyonlar
incelendiğinde birbirleriyle yüksek düzeyde korele olduğu bulundu (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre; akut dönemde inme ünitesinde tedavi alan hastaların altı ay sonra
fonksiyonel olarak bağımsızlık kazanma ve yardımsız yürüme oranları yüksektir. BBS, klinikte rutin
olarak uygulanan mRS’ye oranla daha fazla sayıda riskli hastayı saptayabilmektedir. Bu nedenle,
yardımsız yürüyen her hastada denge ve düşme riskinin değerlendirilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
BBS kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıyla riskli hastaların belirlenmesi sonrası düşmeye bağlı oluşabilecek
komplikasyonlar azalarak tedavi maliyetleri ve engelliliğe göre ayarlanmış yaşam yılı kayıplarının
düşeceği öngörülmektedir.

Thanks

Aydın Devlet Hastanesi İnme Ünitesi’nde hasta takip eden, ünitenin açılması, işlemesi ve geliştirilmesinde katkıları bulunan nöroloji uzmanları; Dr. Behice Bircan’a, Dr. Cennet Nalan Kuş Soyder’e, Dr. Güllü Kardaş’a, Dr. Dilek Demir Kıylıoğlu’na, Dr. Bengi Gedik Topçu’ya, Dr. Özcan Güneş’e ve inme ünitesinde çalışmış olan tüm hemşire, sağlık personellerine teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Mukherjee D, Patil CG. Epidemiology and the global burden of stroke. World Neurosurg. 2011; 76: S85-90.
  • Kablan Y. Stroke: Epidemiology and risk factors. In: Gökçe M, editor. Inme - I. Ankara, Turkey: Turkiye Klinikleri; 2018. p. 1-19. Turkish.
  • Katan M, Luft A. Global Burden of Stroke. Semin Neurol. 2018;38(2):208-211.
  • Ozturk S. Epidemiology and the global burden of stroke--situation in Turkey. World Neurosurgery. 2014; 81: 35-36.
  • Kelly-Hayes M et al. The influence of gender and age on disability following ischemic stroke: the Framingham study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2003; 12: 119–126.
  • Hacettepe University National Burden of Disease Study Results and Solutions (2017). Arsava M. Cerebrovascular Diseases and Dementia [online]. Website http://www.tip.hacettepe.edu.tr/ekler/pdf/ulusal_program.pdf [accessed 10.04.2021]
  • Wu WX et al. Effect of Early and Intensive Rehabilitation after Ischemic Stroke on Functional Recovery of the Lower Limbs: A Pilot, Randomized Trial. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020; 29: 104649.
  • Chen J et al. Effects of Home-based Telesupervising Rehabilitation on Physical Function for Stroke Survivors with Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017; 96: 152-160.
  • Pickenbrock HM et al. A comparison between the Static Balance Test and the Berg Balance Scale: validity, reliability, and comparative resource use. Clin Rehabil. 2016; 30: 288-293.
  • Chalos V et al. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale: An Alternative Primary Outcome Measure for Trials of Acute Treatment for Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2020; 51: 282-290.
  • Kasner SE. Clinical interpretation and use of stroke scales. Lancet Neurol. 2006; 5: 603-612.
  • Louie DR, Eng JJ. Berg Balance Scale score at admission can predict walking suitable for community ambulation at discharge from inpatient stroke rehabilitation. J Rehabil Med. 2018; 50: 37-44.
  • Şahin F et al. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale in patients with stroke. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2013; 59: 170-175.
  • Kurt EE et al. Assessment of balance in patients with stroke. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2010; 56: 56-61.
  • Lyden P. Using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale: A Cautionary Tale. Stroke. 2017; 48: 513-519.
  • Langhorne P at al. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020; 4: CD000197.
  • Topçuoğlu MA ve ark. İnme Ünitesi: Genel ilkeler ve standartlar. Türk Beyin Damar Hastalıkları Dergisi 2015; 21: 4-22.
  • Virani SS et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020; 141: 00–00.
  • Kutluk K. Risk Faktörleri. In: Kutluk K, editör. İnme Tanı ve Tedavi. 1st ed. İzmir: O’Tıp Kitabevi ve Yayıncılık; 2016. 5-14.
  • Altun Y et al. Demographic Characteristics of Stroke Types in Adıyaman. Turk J Neurol 2018; 24: 26-31.
  • Feigin VL et al. Global burden of stroke and risk factors in 188 countries, during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet Neurol. 2016; 15: 913–924.
  • Taghizadeh G et al. Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale: Psychometric properties during medication phases in idiopathic Parkinson disease. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2020; 63:500-504.
  • Bellomo RG et al. The WeReha Project for an Innovative Home-Based Exercise Training in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Clinical Study. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2020; 12: 1179573520979866.

Evaluation of Clinical Situation Using Functional Assessment Scales in Inpatients in the Stroke Unit

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 401 - 408, 25.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.948794

Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to emphasize the importance of not only walking but also balance and fall risk in the functional recovery process
by monitoring the neurological status of patients hospitalized in the stroke unit with commonly used functional assessment scales and
comparing the effects of these scales in determining recovery.
Material and Methods: The data of 31 patients who were hospitalized in the stroke unit of Aydın State Hospital and met the inclusion criteria
were included in the study. Balance levels and postural controls of patients; with the Berg Balance Scale(BBS), neurological assessments;
with the National Stroke Health Scale(NIHSS), and stroke-related disabilities were assessed with the modified Rankin Scale(mRS). The first
patient evaluations were made on the day of discharge from the stroke unit, and the second was done six months later.
Results: Fifty patients were evaluated for the study. However, 19 patients were excluded for various reasons. Of the 31 patients whose data
were analyzed, 58% were women, with a mean age of 71.1 ± 11.8 years. It was determined that the NIHSS and mRS scores of the patients
decreased significantly (p<0.001) after six months, while the BBS scores increased significantly (p<0.001). After six months, the increase in
the number of independent patients according to the mRS scores was found to be significant (p<0.001). While 90% (n=28) of the patients
had a medium-high fall risk according to BBS at baseline, this rate dropped significantly to 42% (n=13) after six months (p<0.001). In the first
evaluation, when the presence of fall risk and dependency status of the patients were compared according to BBS and mRS, it was found
that BBS reported a higher level of limitation (χ²=5.26; p=0.022). In the second evaluation, it was found that BBS reported a higher level of
limitation compared to mRS (χ²=14.9; p<0.001). When the correlations between the first and last evaluation scores of the BBS, mRS and
NIHSS scales were examined, it was found that they were highly correlated with each other (p<0.05).
Conclusion: According to our study, patients who received treatment in the stroke unit in the acute phase had highrates of functional
independence and unaided walking after six months. BBS can detect more risky patients than mRS, which is routinely applied in the clinic.
For this reason, it is important to evaluate balance and fall risk in every patient walking unaided. With the widespread use of BBS, it is
predicted that after the identification of risky patients, complications that may occur due to falls will decrease, and treatment costs and
disability-adjusted life-year losses will decrease.

References

  • Mukherjee D, Patil CG. Epidemiology and the global burden of stroke. World Neurosurg. 2011; 76: S85-90.
  • Kablan Y. Stroke: Epidemiology and risk factors. In: Gökçe M, editor. Inme - I. Ankara, Turkey: Turkiye Klinikleri; 2018. p. 1-19. Turkish.
  • Katan M, Luft A. Global Burden of Stroke. Semin Neurol. 2018;38(2):208-211.
  • Ozturk S. Epidemiology and the global burden of stroke--situation in Turkey. World Neurosurgery. 2014; 81: 35-36.
  • Kelly-Hayes M et al. The influence of gender and age on disability following ischemic stroke: the Framingham study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2003; 12: 119–126.
  • Hacettepe University National Burden of Disease Study Results and Solutions (2017). Arsava M. Cerebrovascular Diseases and Dementia [online]. Website http://www.tip.hacettepe.edu.tr/ekler/pdf/ulusal_program.pdf [accessed 10.04.2021]
  • Wu WX et al. Effect of Early and Intensive Rehabilitation after Ischemic Stroke on Functional Recovery of the Lower Limbs: A Pilot, Randomized Trial. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020; 29: 104649.
  • Chen J et al. Effects of Home-based Telesupervising Rehabilitation on Physical Function for Stroke Survivors with Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2017; 96: 152-160.
  • Pickenbrock HM et al. A comparison between the Static Balance Test and the Berg Balance Scale: validity, reliability, and comparative resource use. Clin Rehabil. 2016; 30: 288-293.
  • Chalos V et al. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale: An Alternative Primary Outcome Measure for Trials of Acute Treatment for Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2020; 51: 282-290.
  • Kasner SE. Clinical interpretation and use of stroke scales. Lancet Neurol. 2006; 5: 603-612.
  • Louie DR, Eng JJ. Berg Balance Scale score at admission can predict walking suitable for community ambulation at discharge from inpatient stroke rehabilitation. J Rehabil Med. 2018; 50: 37-44.
  • Şahin F et al. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale in patients with stroke. Turk J Phys Med Rehab. 2013; 59: 170-175.
  • Kurt EE et al. Assessment of balance in patients with stroke. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2010; 56: 56-61.
  • Lyden P. Using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale: A Cautionary Tale. Stroke. 2017; 48: 513-519.
  • Langhorne P at al. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020; 4: CD000197.
  • Topçuoğlu MA ve ark. İnme Ünitesi: Genel ilkeler ve standartlar. Türk Beyin Damar Hastalıkları Dergisi 2015; 21: 4-22.
  • Virani SS et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020; 141: 00–00.
  • Kutluk K. Risk Faktörleri. In: Kutluk K, editör. İnme Tanı ve Tedavi. 1st ed. İzmir: O’Tıp Kitabevi ve Yayıncılık; 2016. 5-14.
  • Altun Y et al. Demographic Characteristics of Stroke Types in Adıyaman. Turk J Neurol 2018; 24: 26-31.
  • Feigin VL et al. Global burden of stroke and risk factors in 188 countries, during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet Neurol. 2016; 15: 913–924.
  • Taghizadeh G et al. Barthel Index and modified Rankin Scale: Psychometric properties during medication phases in idiopathic Parkinson disease. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2020; 63:500-504.
  • Bellomo RG et al. The WeReha Project for an Innovative Home-Based Exercise Training in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Clinical Study. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2020; 12: 1179573520979866.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Refik Kunt 0000-0003-4561-1844

Engin Püllüm 0000-0002-7389-3378

Publication Date December 25, 2021
Acceptance Date October 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Kunt R, Püllüm E. İnme Ünitesinde Yatan Hastalarda, Fonksiyonel Değerlendirme Ölçekleri Kullanılarak Klinik Durumun Değerlendirilmesi. Med J West Black Sea. 2021;5(3):401-8.

Medical Journal of Western Black Sea is a scientific publication of Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine.

This is a refereed journal, which aims at achieving free knowledge to the national and international organizations and individuals related to medical sciences in publishedand electronic forms.

This journal is published three annually in April, August and December.
The publication language of the journal is Turkish and English.