Research Article
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Efficacy of Intra-Arterial vs. Intravenous tPA Monotherapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 98 - 106, 30.04.2025

Abstract

Aim: The method and timing of administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remain
unclear. In our study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of intra-arterial (IA)-tPA compared to intra-venous (IV)-tPA in AIS.
Material and Methods: Patients with AIS received IV-tPA within one hundred and eight minutes or IA-tPA within the first six hours. Before
both treatments, their conditions were evaluated and treatments were performed. AIS patients were divided into those receiving IV alteplase
(maximum 0.90 mg/kg) and those receiving IA alteplase (maximum 0.30 mg/kg). Demographic characteristics, systemic diseases and
clinical outcomes were evaluated in both groups.
Results: It was observed that the clinical findings of the patients in the IA group were worse at the time of admission, but were better than
those in the IV group after the procedure. While the ICH rate was similar in both groups (p>0.817); the recanalization rate was higher in
the IA group compared to the IV group (p<0.001). Patients receiving IA treatment with alteplase doses of 20 mg or less had better clinical
improvement (p = 0.020). In the IA group, the relationship between recanalization rate and the time of the onset of early treatment was
statistically significant (p = 0.007).
Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, IA administration of tPA in the treatment of AIS is a more effective and applicable
treatment option than IV administration. In addition, since higher recanalization rates and better clinical outcomes are observed in patients
who receive IA-tPA treatment in the early period, more effective results can be obtained, especially in patients with large vessel occlusion.

Supporting Institution

The authors did not receive financial support for the study.

References

  • 1. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1581-7.
  • 2. Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E, Dávalos A, Guidetti D, Larrue V, Lees KR, Medeghri Z, Machnig T, Schneider D, von Kummer R, Wahlgren N, Toni D; ECASS Investigators. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1317-29.
  • 3. Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, Blackwell L, Albers G, Bluhm ki E, Brott T, Cohen G, Davis S, Donnan G, Grotta J, Howard G, Kaste M, Koga M, von Kummer R, Lansberg M, Lindley RI, Murray G, Olivot JM, Parsons M, Tilley B, Toni D, Toyoda K, Wahlgren N, Wardlaw J, Whiteley W, del Zoppo GJ, Baigent C, Sandercock P, Hacke W. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with al teplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet 2014;384:1929-35.

Akut İskemik İnme Tedavisinde Sadece İntra-Arteriyel tPA ile Sadece İntravenöz tPA'nın Karşılaştırılması

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 98 - 106, 30.04.2025

Abstract

Amaç: Akut iskemik inme (Aİİ) tedavisinde doku plazminojen aktivatörünün (tPA) uygulanma yöntemi ve zamanlaması hala belirsizliğini
korumaktadır. Çalışmamızda, Aİİ'de intra-arteriyel (İA)-tPA'nın intra-venöz (İV)-tPA ile etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Aİİ'li hastalara yüz sekiz dakika içinde İV-tPA veya ilk altı saat içinde İA-tPA verildi. Her iki tedaviden önce durumları
değerlendirildi ve tedaviler uygulandı. Aİİ hastaları İV alteplaz (maksimum 0,90 mg/kg) alanlar ve İA alteplaz (maksimum 0,30 mg/kg) alanlar
olarak ayrıldı. Her iki grupta da demografik özellikler, sistemik hastalıklar ve klinik sonuçlar değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: İA grubunun çalışmanın başlangıç noktasında İV grubuna göre daha yüksek Ulusal Sağlık Enstitüleri İnme Ölçeği (NIHSS) ve
modifiye Rankin skorları (mRS) olmasına rağmen, iyi klinik sonuçlar İA grubunda daha iyiydi. Her iki gruptaki intrakranial kanama oranı
benzer iken (p >0,817); rekanalizasyon oranı İA grubunda İV gruba kıyasla daha yüksekti (p<0,001). İA grubunda, rekanalizasyon oranı ile
erken tedavinin başlama zamanı arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p = 0,007).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızın bulgularına göre Aİİ tedavisinde tPA’nın İA uygulanması, İV uygulanmasına göre daha etkili ve uygulanabilir bir tedavi
seçeneğidir. Ayrıca erken dönemde İA-tPA tedavisi uygulanan hastalarda daha yüksek rekanalizasyon oranları ve daha iyi klinik sonuçlar
gözlendiğinden, özellikle büyük damar tıkanıklığı olan hastalarda daha etkili sonuçlar elde edilebilir

Supporting Institution

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Thanks

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References

  • 1. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1581-7.
  • 2. Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E, Dávalos A, Guidetti D, Larrue V, Lees KR, Medeghri Z, Machnig T, Schneider D, von Kummer R, Wahlgren N, Toni D; ECASS Investigators. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1317-29.
  • 3. Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, Blackwell L, Albers G, Bluhm ki E, Brott T, Cohen G, Davis S, Donnan G, Grotta J, Howard G, Kaste M, Koga M, von Kummer R, Lansberg M, Lindley RI, Murray G, Olivot JM, Parsons M, Tilley B, Toni D, Toyoda K, Wahlgren N, Wardlaw J, Whiteley W, del Zoppo GJ, Baigent C, Sandercock P, Hacke W. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with al teplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet 2014;384:1929-35.
There are 3 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Brain and Nerve Surgery (Neurosurgery)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Emrah Keskin 0000-0001-5326-741X

Gökhan Özdemir 0000-0001-8140-6333

Mehmetselim Gel

Publication Date April 30, 2025
Submission Date October 27, 2024
Acceptance Date February 14, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Keskin E, Özdemir G, Gel M. Efficacy of Intra-Arterial vs. Intravenous tPA Monotherapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Treatment. Med J West Black Sea. 2025;9(1):98-106.

Medical Journal of Western Black Sea is a scientific publication of Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine.

This is a refereed journal, which aims at achieving free knowledge to the national and international organizations and individuals related to medical sciences in publishedand electronic forms.

This journal is published three annually in April, August and December.
The publication language of the journal is Turkish and English.