Ölçülemeyen Diş Özelliklerinin Biyolojik Uzaklık Çalışmalarındaki Önemi/The Importance of Dental Non-Metric Traits in Biological Distance Studies

Abstract

Diş antropolojisi toplulukların biyolojik ve kültürel çeşitliliğinin belirlenmesinde, Antropolojinin önemli alanlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. İskeletin en sağlam kısmını oluşturan dişler genellikle kötü koşullar altında kaldığında bile incelenebilmektedir. Gelişimlerinde genetik faktörlerin önemli bir rol oynaması, cinsiyetle ilişkilerinin olmaması ya da çok az olması, taraflar arasında tutarlı bir ilişkinin bulunmaması ve bunların kaydının belirli bir standarda göre yapılması gibi nedenlerden dolayı diş özelliklerinin biyolojik uzaklık çalışmalarında kafatasının ölçülemeyen özelliklerinden daha avantajlı olduğu belirtilmiştir.

Zengin bir veri kaynağına sahip olan Anadolu'da yapılan biyolojik uzaklık çalışmalarında diş özellikleri kullanılmamıştır. Toplulukların biyolojik ilişkilerini DNA çalışmalarıyla desteklenerek yansıtan bu özelliklerin Anadolu topluluklarında da kullanım alanı bulmasıyla Anadolu'da yaşamış insanların biyolojik, tarihsel ve dolayısıyla kültürel ilişkilerinin yeniden oluşturulmasını sağlarken, komşu topluluklarla benzerlik ve farklılıkların da belirlenebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Diş morfolojisi, ölçülemeyen özellik, biyolojik uzaklık

Abstract

Dental anthropology is one of anthropology's key areas used as an important tool in determining both biological and cultural diversity of populations. Teeth that are very durable and frequently remain can be examined, when all else disintegrated. The study of dental morphology have certain advantages over the cranium for studies of biological distance, because genetical factors play a part in controlling the development of dental non-metric traits which are not consistency associated with sex, there are either  no asymmetry or less asymmetry between right and left sides and they have standardized recording system.

In Anatolia that have very rich source of skeletal material have not been used before for crown morphology in determining of biological distances.  In Anatolian populations the use of these traits which are supported by the results of DNA studies, while the biological, historical and cultural of relations of people have lived in Anatolia can be determinate, and these traits can be used to establish the similarities and differences between Anatolian people and the neighboring populations.

Keywords: Morphology of teeth, non-metric trait, biological distance

Keywords

• Diş morfolojisi, ölçülemeyen özellik, biyolojik uzaklık

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