Yazma Eğitiminde Geri Bildirim Türleri ve Kullanımı / Types and Use of Feedback in Writing Education

Abstract

Yazma bir hamlede başlayıp biten bir eylem değildir. İyi bir metin yazmak için çoğu zaman bir metni birkaç kez gözden geçirmek gerekir. İnsanlar kendi yazdıkları metinlerdeki hatalarını belirlemekte güçlük çekebilir. Bu bakımdan yazma eğitiminde okur/öğretmen geri bildirimi yazma kalitesini etkileyen önemli bir etkendir. Bu çalışmada yazma eğitiminde kullanılan geri bildirimler sınıflandırılmış, açıklanmış ve örneklendirilmiş, avantaj ve dezavantajlarıyla değerlendirilmiştir.

Yazma eğitiminde geri bildirimler bakış açısına göre farklı şekillerde sınıflandırılabilmektedir. Metni değerlendiren kişi açısından geri bildirimler öğretmen ve akran geri bildirimi olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. İletişim biçimi açısından ise yazılı ve sözlü geri bildirim olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Diğer geri bildirim türleri ise şöyledir: Övgü veya yergi bildiren geri bildirimler, değerlendirenin tutumuna göre yapıcı, yansız veya yıkıcı geri bildirimler; özgül veya genel geri bildirimler; biçime veya içeriğe yönelik geri bildirimler; açık veya muğlak geri bildirimler; metin içi veya metin dışı geri bildirimler.

Keywords

• Geri bildirim, yazma eğitimi, yazma süreci

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