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THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK

Year 2014, Volume: 11 Issue: 26, 53 - 69, 06.07.2014

Abstract

In spite of its distinguishable nature and obscurity, the term ‘alienation’ remains to be advanced as a primary concept outlining noticeable and remarkable features of life in modern communities. It reproduces an experience that many American authors are familiar with. Alienation is a feeling of not being able to fit or to belong anywhere. This feeling can manifest itself physically, mentally, religiously, spiritually, psychologically, politically, socially or economically. At one point or another in time, each one of us has experienced alienation in one way or another whether at school, at work, at home among members of family, in politics, and in society. Thus, alienation is the state of being withdrawn or isolated from one’s surrounding, events and activities through indifference or disaffection. The paper aims to explore and analyze the extent to which three Americans living in New York, J.D. Salinger’s Holden Caulfield, Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man and Saul Bellow’s Tommy Wilhelm, fail to adjust themselves in their environments, feel alienated from fellow New Yorkers, from social institutions and members of their respective families, learn to accept their plights and come out of alienation in the end.

References

  • Bellow, S. (1976). Seize the Day. Penguin Books.
  • Burton, P. (1952). The Spiritual Crisis of Man. London: Rider.
  • Ellison, R.(1995). Invisible Man. New York: Vintage International; 2 edition.
  • Erikson, E. (1960). “The Problem of Ego Identity,” in Identity and Anxiety: Survival of the Person in Mass Society. Edited by Maurice R. Stein, Arthur J. Vidich, and David M. White. Glencoe, pp.37-87.
  • Feuerlicht, I. (1978). Alienation: From the Past to the Future. London: Greenwood.
  • Fromm, E. (1990). The Sane Society. Holt Paperbacks.
  • Gelfant, B. H. (1973). “The Imagery of Estrangement: Alienation in Modern American Fiction,” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings edited by Frank Johnson. New York: Seminar Press, Inc.
  • Johnson, F. (1973). “Alienation: Overview and Introduction,” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings. New York: Seminar Press, Inc.
  • Jung, C. G. (2006). The Undiscovered Self. Signet Publications.
  • Kahler, E. (1989). The Tower and The Abyss: An Inquiry into the Transformation of the Individual. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers.
  • Klein, M. (1970). After Alienation : American Novels in Mid-Century. Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries Press.
  • Mills, C.W. (1959). The Sociological Imagination. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Morris, W. F. (2002). Escaping Alienation: A Philosophy of Alienation and Dealienation. University Press of America.
  • Nadel, A. (2004). “The Integrated Literary Tradition,” in A Historical Guide to Ralph Ellison. Edited by Steven C. Tracy. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Oken, D. (1973). “Alienation and Identity: Some Comments on Adolescence, the Counterculture, the Contemporary Adaptations” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings. Edited by Frank Johnson. New York and London: The Seminar Press.
  • Plimpton, G. (1965). Writers at Work: The Paris Review Interviews. 2nd ser. New York: Viking Compass.
  • Poussaint, A. F. (1973). “Black Alienation and Black Consciousness,” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings edited by Frank Johnson. New York: Seminar Press, Inc.
  • Rudnicki, R.W.(1999). Percyscapes: The Fugue State in Twentieth-Century Fiction. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
  • Salinger, J.D.(2001). The Catcher in the Rye. Back Bay Books; Reissue edition.
  • Twagilimana, A. (2009). “Alienation as Narrative Strategy in Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man,” in Alienation. Edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Infobase Publishing.
  • Warren, R. P. (1979). Katherine Anne Porter A Collection of Essays. Prentice Hall Inc.
  • Weiss, F. A. (1962). “Alienation: Dynamics and Therapy,” in Man Alone: Alienation in Modern Society. Edited by Eric and Mary Josephson. New York: Dell Publishing Co., Inc.

NEW YORK SOKAKLARINDA GEZİNEN ÜÇ YABANCI

Year 2014, Volume: 11 Issue: 26, 53 - 69, 06.07.2014

Abstract

Ayırt edici doğası ve belirsizliğine rağmen, ‘yabancılaşma’ terimi modern toplumlardaki yaşamın göze çarpan ve dikkat çekici özelliklerini ana hatlarıyla çizen gelişmiş bir birincil kavram olarak devam etmektedir. Birçok Amerikalı yazarın aşina olduğu bir deneyimi meydana getirmektedir. Yabancılaşma herhangi bir yere uygun olmama veya ait olmama duygusudur. Bu duygu fiziksel, zihinsel, dini, ruhsal, psikolojik, politik, sosyal ya da ekonomik olarak kendisini gösterebilir. Öyle veya böyle, her birimiz gerek okulda, işte, evde ailemizin bireyleri arasında, politika ve toplum da bir şekilde yabancılaşmayı yaşamışızdır. O halde, yabancılaşma kişinin kayıtsızlık ve hoşnutsuzluk vasıtasıyla kendi çevresinden, olaylardan ve etkinliklerden geri kalma veya soyutlanma durumudur. Bu çalışma New York’ta yaşayan üç Amerikalının, J.D. Salinger’in Holden Caulfield’i, Ralph Ellison’un Invisible Man’i ve Saul Bellow’un Tommy Wilhelm’inin çevrelerine adapte olamamaları sebebiyle kendi emsalleri New York’lulardan, sosyal kurumlardan ve kendi aile üyelerinden uzaklaşmaları, kendi durumlarını kabullenmeyi öğrenmelerini ve sonunda yabancılaşmadan kurtulmalarını araştırma ve tetkik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

 


References

  • Bellow, S. (1976). Seize the Day. Penguin Books.
  • Burton, P. (1952). The Spiritual Crisis of Man. London: Rider.
  • Ellison, R.(1995). Invisible Man. New York: Vintage International; 2 edition.
  • Erikson, E. (1960). “The Problem of Ego Identity,” in Identity and Anxiety: Survival of the Person in Mass Society. Edited by Maurice R. Stein, Arthur J. Vidich, and David M. White. Glencoe, pp.37-87.
  • Feuerlicht, I. (1978). Alienation: From the Past to the Future. London: Greenwood.
  • Fromm, E. (1990). The Sane Society. Holt Paperbacks.
  • Gelfant, B. H. (1973). “The Imagery of Estrangement: Alienation in Modern American Fiction,” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings edited by Frank Johnson. New York: Seminar Press, Inc.
  • Johnson, F. (1973). “Alienation: Overview and Introduction,” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings. New York: Seminar Press, Inc.
  • Jung, C. G. (2006). The Undiscovered Self. Signet Publications.
  • Kahler, E. (1989). The Tower and The Abyss: An Inquiry into the Transformation of the Individual. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers.
  • Klein, M. (1970). After Alienation : American Novels in Mid-Century. Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries Press.
  • Mills, C.W. (1959). The Sociological Imagination. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Morris, W. F. (2002). Escaping Alienation: A Philosophy of Alienation and Dealienation. University Press of America.
  • Nadel, A. (2004). “The Integrated Literary Tradition,” in A Historical Guide to Ralph Ellison. Edited by Steven C. Tracy. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Oken, D. (1973). “Alienation and Identity: Some Comments on Adolescence, the Counterculture, the Contemporary Adaptations” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings. Edited by Frank Johnson. New York and London: The Seminar Press.
  • Plimpton, G. (1965). Writers at Work: The Paris Review Interviews. 2nd ser. New York: Viking Compass.
  • Poussaint, A. F. (1973). “Black Alienation and Black Consciousness,” in Alienation: Concept, Term, and Meanings edited by Frank Johnson. New York: Seminar Press, Inc.
  • Rudnicki, R.W.(1999). Percyscapes: The Fugue State in Twentieth-Century Fiction. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
  • Salinger, J.D.(2001). The Catcher in the Rye. Back Bay Books; Reissue edition.
  • Twagilimana, A. (2009). “Alienation as Narrative Strategy in Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man,” in Alienation. Edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Infobase Publishing.
  • Warren, R. P. (1979). Katherine Anne Porter A Collection of Essays. Prentice Hall Inc.
  • Weiss, F. A. (1962). “Alienation: Dynamics and Therapy,” in Man Alone: Alienation in Modern Society. Edited by Eric and Mary Josephson. New York: Dell Publishing Co., Inc.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Alpaslan Toker

Publication Date July 6, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 11 Issue: 26

Cite

APA Toker, A. (2014). THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(26), 53-69.
AMA Toker A. THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. July 2014;11(26):53-69.
Chicago Toker, Alpaslan. “THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 11, no. 26 (July 2014): 53-69.
EndNote Toker A (July 1, 2014) THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 11 26 53–69.
IEEE A. Toker, “THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK”, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 26, pp. 53–69, 2014.
ISNAD Toker, Alpaslan. “THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 11/26 (July 2014), 53-69.
JAMA Toker A. THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2014;11:53–69.
MLA Toker, Alpaslan. “THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 26, 2014, pp. 53-69.
Vancouver Toker A. THREE ALIENS WANDERING ON THE STREETS OF NEW YORK. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2014;11(26):53-69.

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