The effects of different rhizobacteria and mycorrhiza applications on seedling growth and development of starflower (Dahlia variabilis)

Abstract

Aims: This study was carried out to determine the effects of different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and mycorrhizae on the growth and development from seed to seedling of Dahlia variabilis (starflower) plant, which is widely produced in the world as a cut flower and outdoor ornamental plant, and which is becoming increasingly widespread in Turkey.

Methods and Results: Within the scope of the study, Enterobacter cloacae (ZE-2), Bacillus cereus (ZE-7), Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13), Burkholderia cepecia (7-a-2) bacterial species and commercially available mycorrhiza (5000 ppm) were applied to seeds of D. variabilis cultivar 'Violet'. In order to determine the effects of applications on seedling growth and development; germination rate (%), seedling height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of leaves (piece), plant fresh weight (g), plant dry weight (g), root length (cm), root fresh weight (g), root dry weight (g) and SPAD value and chlorophyll content were measured. At the end of the study, it was determined that the applications had different effects on D. variabilis. It was determined that P. putida (ZE-12) application increased germination by 12% compared to the control, and A. calcoaceticus (ZE-13) increased the seedling height by 32.9%.

Conclusions: In conclusion, with this study, it was determined that these bacteria, which are of natural origin and do not harm the environment, have the potential to be used in seedling cultivation in ornamental plants, and it is important to expand the use of these applications in the ornamental plant’s production sector.

Significance and Impact of the Study: Although the Dahlia plant is known in the world, there is not much information on this subject in Turkey. In addition, the use of newly isolated bacterial species in order to obtain higher quality seedlings during the period from seed to seedling stage of the Dahlia plant is also very limited. Improvement of the quality of seedlings with the use of bacteria and mycorrhizae, which are among the sustainable methods, is considered to be important.

Keywords

• Dahlia variabilis
• plant growth promoting rhizobacteria
• mycorrhiza
• seedling growth parameter

Farklı kök bakterisi ve mikoriza uygulamalarının yıldız çiçeği (Dahlia variabilis) fidelerinin büyüme ve gelişimine etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, bitki gelişimini teşvik eden farklı kök bakterisi ve mikoriza uygulamalarının kesme çiçek ve dış mekân süs bitkisi olarak dünya genelinde üretimi yaygın olan ve Türkiye’de de gittikçe yaygınlaşan Dahlia variabilis (Yıldız çiçeği) bitkisinde tohumdan fideye kadar geçen aşamada, büyüme ve gelişimine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında, Dahlia variabilis ‘Violet’ çeşidine ait tohumlara, Enterobacter cloacae (ZE-2), Bacillus cereus (ZE-7), Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13), Burkholderia cepecia (7-a-2) bakteri türleri ve ticari olarak satışı bulunan mikoriza (5000 ppm) uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada, uygulamaların fide büyüme ve gelişimine etkilerini belirlemek için; çimlenme oranı (%), fide boyu (cm), gövde çapı (mm), yaprak sayısı (adet), bitki yaş ağırlığı (g), bitki kuru ağırlığı (g), kök uzunluğu (cm), kök yaş ağırlığı (g), kök kuru ağırlığı (g) ve SPAD değeri ile klorofil içeriği ölçülmüştür. Çalışma sonunda, yapılan uygulamaların Yıldız çiçeği üzerinde farklı etkilere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12) uygulamasının kontrole kıyasla %12 oranında çimlenmeyi artırdığı, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (ZE-13) bakterisinin fide boyunda %32.9’luk artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir.

Genel Yorum: Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile doğal kökenli olan ve çevreye zararı olmayan bu bakterilerin süs bitkilerinde fide yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılabilme potansiyeline sahip olduğu belirlenmiş olup, süs bitkileri üretim sektöründe bu uygulamaların kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması önem arz etmektedir.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Dahlia bitkisi, Dünya’da tanınmasına rağmen Türkiye’de bu konuda pek fazla bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca Dahlia bitkisinin tohumdan fide aşamasına kadar geçen sürede, daha kaliteli fideler elde etmek için yeni izole edilen bakteri türlerinin kullanımı da oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma ile sürdürülebilir yöntemler arasında yer alan bakteri ve mikoriza uygulamaları ile fide kalitesini iyileştirmek önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dahlia variabilis
• bitki gelişimini teşvik eden bakteri
• mikoriza
• fide gelişim parametresi

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