Hatay ilinde farklı kanola çeşitleri üzerinde lahana yaprak güvesi, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)’nin popülasyon yoğunluğunun değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Hatay ilinde farklı kanola çeşitleri üzerinde lahana yaprak güvesi, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)’nin popülasyon yoğunluğunun değerlendirilmesi

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Çalışma 2007-2009 yıllarında Hatay ilinde farklı kanola çeşitleri üzerinde lahana yaprak güvesi popülasyon yoğunluğunun değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma altı farklı kanola 'Hydromel', 'Elvis', 'Sarı', 'Lycosmos', 'Hunter' ve 'Sory' çeşitlerinde yürütülmüştür. Örneklemeler her kanola tarlasından 45 cm çapında atrapla 25 (ileri-geri) şeklinde alınmıştır. Lahana yaprak güvesi larvalarının popülasyon yoğunluğunu değerlendirmek için örnekleme yeri ve kanola çeşidine göre bitki materyallerinden seçilmiş, sayılmış ve kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmadan üç yıl sonra, zararlının popülasyon yoğunluğu, örnekleme yılı ve kanola çeşidinin her birinde değişiklik göstermiştir. 2007 yılında beş farklı kanola çeşidi ve kanola tarlasından toplam 348 adet lahana yaprak güvesi larvası atrap ile yakalanmıştır. Atrap tarafından tarafından yakalanan lahana yaprak güvesinin larvalarının en büyük ortalaması 15 Mayıs'ta 'Lycosmos' çeşidinde kaydedildi. 2008 yılında dört farklı kanola çeşidinde ve on bir kanola tarlasında toplam 1009 adet lahana yaprak güvesi larvası atrap ile yakalanmıştır. Atrap ile en yüksek ortalama yakalama 10 Nisan'da 'Elvis' (Atçana III) çeşidinde kaydedilirken, bunu 'Hunter' (Demirköprü I), 'Sarı' (Demirköprü I), 'Lycosmos' (Demirköprü II) izlemiştir. 2009 yılında kanola çeşidinde toplam 75 adet lahana yaprak güvesi larvası atrap ile yakalanmıştır. Atrap ile en fazla sayısı lahana yaprak güvesi larvası 22 Nisan'da yakalanmış, bunu 20 Mayıs takip etmiştir.

Genel Yorum: üç yıl boyunca, atrap ile en yüksek sayıda DBM larvaları Mayıs ayında yakalanmış olup, bunu Nisan ayı takip etmiştir. Ayrıca atrap ile en fazla lahana yaprak güvesi larvası 'Lycosmos' çeşidinde yakalanmış, bunu 'Elvis' ve 'Sarı' çeşitleri izlemiştir.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Lahana yaprak güvesi Türkiye'deki Brassicaceae familyasına ait sebze ve yağlı tohum bitkilerinde önemli bir zararlıdır. Örnekleme süresince atrap ile en yüksek sayıda lahana yaprak güvesi larvası Mayıs ayında yakalanmış olup bunu Nisan ayı takip etmiştir. Ayrıca atrap ile en fazla sayıda lahana yaprak güvesi larvası 'Lycosmos' çeşidinde yakalanmış, bunu 'Elvis' ve 'Sarı' çeşitleri izlemiştir.

Keywords

• lahana yaprak güvesi
• Plutella xylostella
• Kanola
• Hatay

Evaluation of population density of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on different canola varieties in Hatay province

Abstract

Aims: Evaluation of population density of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), on different canola varieties in Hatay province.

Methods and Results: The study was conducted in 2007-2009 to evaluate population density of diamondback moth on different canola varieties in Hatay province. The study was carried out in six different canola 'Hydromel', 'Elvis', 'Sarı', 'Lycosmos', 'Hunter' and 'Sory' varieties. Samplings were done by using a 45-cm diameter sweep-net, taking 25 (back-forth) sweep samples per site. The DBM larvae were sorted out from plant materials, counted and recorded for each of the sampling locality and canola variety in order to evaluate population density of P. xylostella. After three years of the study, the population density of pest varied in each of the sampling year and variety of canola. In 2007, a total of 348 DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net on five different canola varieties and canola fields. The largest mean of DBM larvae catches by sweep-net were recorded on 15 May on variety of ‘Lycosmos’. In 2008, A total of 1009 DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net on four different canola varieties and eleven canola fields. The largest mean of catches by sweep-net were recorded on 10 April on variety of ‘Elvis’ (Atçana III), followed by variety of ‘Hunter’ (Demirköprü I), ‘Sarı’ (Demirköprü I), ‘Lycosmos’ (Demirköprü II). In 2009, a total of 75 DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net on canola variety. The largest number of DBM larvae catches by sweep-net were recorded on 22 April, followed by 20 May.

Conclusions: The highest number of the DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net in May, following in April in three years. In addition, the highest number of the DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net on variety of ‘Lycosmos’, following by ‘Elvis’, and ‘Sarı’ cultivars.

Significance and Impact of the Study: The diamondback moth is important pest of brassica vegetable and oilseed crops in Turkey. The highest number of the DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net in May, following in April during the sampling periods. In addition, the highest number of the DBM larvae were caught by sweep-net on variety of ‘Lycosmos’, following by ‘Elvis’, and ‘Sarı’ cultivars.

Keywords

• Diamondback moth
• Plutella xylostella
• Canola
• Hatay province

References

1. Ahmad T, Ansari MS (2010) Studies on seasonal abundance of diamondback moth P. xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) on cauliflower crop. J. Plant Protec. Res., 50 (3): 280-287.
2. Atakan E, Akdağcık Z, Ölçülü M(2005) Adana’da kolzada zararlı ve faydalı böcek faunası ve bazı zararlı türlerin doğal parazitlenme oranlarının araştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 20 (1): 89–96.
3. Brown J, Mccaffrey JP, Harmon BL, Davis JB, Brown AP, Erickson DA (1999) Effect of late season insect infestation on yield, yield components and oil quality of Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica juncea, and Sinapis alba in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. J. Agric. Sci. 132: 281–288.
4. Calderson J, Hare CJ (1986) Control of diamondback moth in Southeast Asia by profenofos. In: Proceedings of the first international workshop. Talekar, N.S., and T.D. Griggs, (ed.) Diamondback moth management: AVRDC. Shanhua, Taiwan. pp. 289-295.
5. Capinera JL (2002) Handbook of Vegetable Pests. Academic Press. San Diego, San Francisco, New York, Boston, London, Sydney, Tokyo. Pp:729.
6. Demirel N (2009) Determination of Heteroptera Species on Canola Plants in Hatay Province of Turkey. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 4(11):1226-1233.
7. Dosdall LM (1994) Evidence for successful overwintering of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Alberta. Can. Entomol. 126:183-185.
8. Furlong MJ, Kim HJ, Pak WS, Jo KC, Ri CI, Zalucki MP (2008) Integration of endemic natural enemies and Bacillus thuringiensis to manage insect pests of Brassica crops in North Korea. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 125:223-238.

9. Furlong MJ, Wright DJ, Dosdall LM (2013) Diamondback Moth Ecology and Management: Problems, Progress, and Prospects. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 58: 517–541.
10. Gavloski JE, Ekuere U, Keddie A, Dosdall L, Kott L, Good AG (2000) Identification and evaluation of flea beetle (Phyllotreta cruciferae) resistance within Brassicaceae. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 80: 881–887.
11. Gu H, Fitt GP, Baker GH (2007) Invertebrate pests of canola and their management in Australia. A review. Austr. J. Entomol. 46: 231-243.
12. Jayarathnam K (1977) Studies on the population dynamics of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) and crop loss due to the pest in cabbage. PhD thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
13. Karaosmanoğlu F (2004) Biyodizel-Biyomotorin-Biodiesel, http.//www.biyomotorin-biodiesel.com/biodiesel.html.
14. Kuwahara M, Keinmeesuke P, Shirai Y (1996) Seasonal trend in population density and adult body size of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), in Central Thailand. Japanese J. Appl. Entomol. and Zoology. 30: 551–555.
15. Lamb RJ (1989) Entomology of oilseed brassica crops. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 34: 211–229.
16. Mkize N (2003) A contribution to cabbage pest management by subsistence and small-scale farmers in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Msc. Thesis. Rhodes University, South Africa 108 pp.
17. Mosiane SM, Rami K, Villet MH (2003) Seasonal phenology of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), and its parasitoids on canola, Brassica napus (L.), in Gauteng province, South Africa. - African Entomology. 11 (2): 277-285.
18. Nagarkatti S, Jayanth KP (1982) Population dynamics of major insect pests of cabbage and of their natural enemies in Bangalore district (India). In: Proceedings of International Conference on Plant Protection in the Tropics, Malaysian Plant Protection Society of Malaysia, 1–4 March 1982, pp. 325–347.
19. Philip H, Mengersen E (1989) Insect Pests of the Prairies. University of Alberta Press, Edmonton, AB. 122 pp.
20. Raymer PL (2002) Canola. an emerging oilseed crop. In. Trends in New Crops and New Uses (eds J. Janick and A. Whipkey), ASHA Press, Alexandria, USA. pp. 122–126.
21. Sachan JN, Srivastava BP (1972) Studies on seasonal incidence of insect pests of cabbage. Indian Journal of Entomology, 34: 123–129.
22. Saran C, Genç H (2021) Determination of Biological Properties of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). ÇOMÜ Zir. Fak. Derg. (COMU J. Agric. Fac.). 9 (1): 21–30
23. Sarfraz M, Keddie BA, Dosdall LM (2005) Biological control of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.): Areview. Biocontr. Sci. Technol. 15:763-789.
24. SAS Institute (1990) User's Guide, version 6. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.
25. Scarisbrick DH, Daniels RW (1986) Oilseed Rape. Collins Professional and Technical Books. London 309p.
26. Shahidi F (1990) Canola and Rapeseed. Production, Chemistry, Nutrition and Processing Technology. Department of Biochemistry. Memorial University of Newfoundland. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York 355p.
27. Southwood TRE (1978) Ecological Methods with Particular Reference to the Study of Insect Populations. Chapman and Hall, London. 524 pp.
28. Talekar NS, Shelton AM (1993) Biology, ecology, and management of the diamondback moth. Annual Review of Entomology. 38: 275– 301.
29. Wilkerson JL, Webb SE, Capinera JL (2005) Vegetable Pests III: Lepidoptera. UF/IFAS CD-ROM. SW 182.
30. Zalucki MP, Shabbir A, Silva R, Adamson D, Su-Sheng L, Furlong MJ (2012) Estimating the Economic Cost of One of the World's Major Insect Pests Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): Just How Long Is a Piece of String? Journal of Economic Entomology. 105(4):1115-1129.