Effects of mechanical leaf injury on berry characteristics: A case study of cv. Cabernet Sauvignon and cv. Merlot

Abstract

The study was conducted on 17-year-old grapevines in Tekirdağ province, located at 41° 01’ 13.15" N latitude, 27° 28’ 15.23" E longitude, and an altitude of 235 meters. The vines consisted of the Cabernet Sauvignon/SO4 and Merlot/SO4 graft combinations. The vines were trained using the Double Cordon Royat system, with a planting spacing of 2.6 x 0.9 m. As is well known, stress negatively affects vine growth and development and can also lead to a loss of both qualitative and quantitative grape characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of mechanical leaf wounding (abiotic stress) applied to live vines in the pre-harvest period on berry characteristics. For this purpose, a mechanical leaf wounding process was applied by striking the leaves from all directions using a flexible plastic racket with studs attached to it. These treatments were carried out 15, 10, 5, 3, and 1 day(s) before harvest. A total of 10 different stress applications (some repeated) were performed, including a control group. As a result, late-stage leaf wounding performed one day before harvest (HÖ1) was found to increase berry dry weight, percentage of dry weight, berry skin area, and the berry skin area/berry volume ratio. Additionally, in 2022, the berry skin area values for Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot grape varieties were lower than those in the control treatment. Furthermore, the berry skin area/berry volume ratio was higher in the control treatment for both varieties in 2022, and the applied treatments reduced this ratio.

Keywords

• stress
• grape berry
• BSA/BV ratio
• Vitis vinifera L.

Mekanik yaprak yaralamanın tane özellikleri üzerine etkileri; Cabernet-Sauvignon ve Merlot üzüm çeşidi örneği

Abstract

Tekirdağ ili, 41° 01’ 13.15" K enlem ve 27° 28’ 15.23" D boylam ve 235 m rakımda bulunan 17 yaşlı, Cabernet-Sauvignon/SO4 ile Merlot/SO4 aşı kombinasyonundaki omcalar üzerinde araştırma yürütülmüştür. Asmalar Çift Kollu Kordon Royat terbiye şeklinde ve dikim aralık mesafesi 2.6 x 0.9 m’dir. Bilindiği üzere stres asmalarda büyüme ve gelişmeyi olumsuz şekilde etkilerken, üzümün nitelik ve nicelik özelliklerini kaybetmesine de neden olabilir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; canlı asmalara hasada yakın dönemde gerçekleştirilen mekanik yaprak yaralamanın (abiyotik stres) tane özellikleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla üzerine çivi takılmış esnek plastik raket kullanılarak yapraklara her yönden vurularak mekanik yaprak yaralama işlemi uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulamalar hasattan 15 gün önce, 10 gün önce, 5 gün önce, 3 gün önce ve 1 gün önce gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bağda kontrol dahil toplam 10 farklı stres uygulaması (bazı uygulamalar tekrarlı olarak) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; geç dönem yaprak yaralama uygulamalarından Hasattan 1 gün önce (HÖ1) mekanik yaprak yaralamanın; tane kuru ağırlığı, % kuru ağırlık, tane kabuk alanı ve tane kabuk alanı/tane hacmi oranı değerlerini yükselttiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca 2022 yılında Cabernet-Sauvignon ve Merlot üzüm çeşitlerinde Tane Kabuk Alanı değeri Kontrol uygulamasından düşük değerlere sahip olmuştur. Bunun yanında tane kabuk alanı/tane hacmi oranı her iki çeşit için 2022 yılında Kontrol uygulamasında daha yüksek olmuş ve yapılan uygulamalar bu oranı düşürmüştür.

Keywords

• Stres
• üzüm tanesi
• TKA/TH
• Vitis vinifera L.

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