Yarı kurak koşullarda İvesi koyunlarının temel performans özelliklerinin mevsimsel ve çevresel değişkenliğinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, yarı-entansif sistemde yetiştirilen İvesi koyunlarında bazı çevresel faktörlerin, analarda döl ve süt verimi, kuzularda ise gelişim özellikleri üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın verilerini, Ülkesel Halk Elinde Küçükbaş Hayvan Islahı programı kapsamında yer alan İvesi koyunları ve bunlardan doğan toplam 31.372 baş kuzulardan elde edilen değerler oluşturmuştur. Analarda döl ve süt verimi parametreleri, kuzularda ise doğum ve sütten kesim ağırlığı, günlük canlı ağırlık artışı (ADG) ve Kleiber Ratio (KR), gibi temel parametreler; ana yaşı, kuzu cinsiyeti, doğum tipi ve doğum ayı ile ilişkilendirilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiki değerlendirmeleri SPSS paket programı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda ortalama doğum ve sütten kesim ağırlığı, günlük canlı ağırlık artışı ve Kleiber Ratio değeri sırasıyla 4.29 kg, 19.33 kg, 250.73 g ve 27.19 olarak bulunmuştur. Analarda 210 günlük süt verimi 219.15±0.39 l, günlük ortalama süt verimi ise 1.22±0.01 l olarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, çevresel faktörlerin İvesi koyunlarında üreme performansı ve süt verimi, kuzularda ise büyüme özellikleri üzerine önemli ve anlamlı etkilerinin olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Çevresel faktörlerin kapsamlı değerlendirilmesi, üretim performansının optimize edilmesini sağlayarak seleksiyon programlarının etkinliğini artıracak ve sürdürülebilir verimlilik ile kaynak kullanımında önemli rol oynayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çok faktörlü analiz
• Fenotipik varyasyon
• Üreme
• Gelişim özellikleri
• Kleiber Ratio

Assessment of seasonal and environmental variability of key performance traits of Awassi sheep in semiarid conditions

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of certain environmental factors on reproductive and milk traits in ewes, as well as growth performance in lambs, under semi-intensive management of Awassi sheep. The dataset comprised records from a total of 31.372 lambs born to Awassi ewes participating in the National Small Ruminant Breeding Program. Key parameters, including reproductive and milk yield traits in ewes and birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), average daily gain (ADG), and Kleiber Ratio (KR) in lambs, were analysed concerning dam age, lamb sex, birth type, and birth month. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software package. At the end of the study, the mean values for BW, WW, ADG, and KR were found to be 4.29 ± 0.01 kg, 19.33 ± 0.01 kg, 250.73 ± 0.08 g, and 27.19 ± 0.01, respectively. The average 210-day milk yield and daily milk production in ewes were calculated as 219.15 ± 0.39 l and 1.22 ± 0.01 l, respectively. The findings demonstrate that environmental factors have significant impacts on reproductive performance and milk yield in Awassi sheep, as well as growth traits in lambs. A comprehensive evaluation of these environmental influences is essential for optimizing production efficiency, enhancing the effectiveness of selection programs, and playing a crucial role in sustainable productivity and resource utilization.

Keywords

• Multifactorial analysis
• Phenotypic variation
• Reproductive
• Growth traits
• Kleiber ratio

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