Determination of water quality parameters of Asi River

Abstract

Aims: In this study, it is aimed to determine water quality parameters of Asi River that is one of the transboundary river of Turkey and to evaluate their quality related to irrigation water quality.

Methods and Results: In the research, water samples were taken from section in Turkey of Asi River in four different periods end eighth different points. Water samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soluble cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and anions (Cl^-, SO₄, CO₃^- and HCO₃⁼). In addition, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), magnesium ratio (MR), total hardness (TH) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) values were calculated from soluble cations and anions. Descriptive statistics were applied for all parameters. Correlation analyses were made to research relationships between water properties. Anova and Duncan tests were used to explain differences between sampling points and times. The order of relative abundance of major cations in the Asi river water is in order Mg>Na>Ca>K. The order of the anions abundance is SO₄>HCO₃^->Cl>CO₃ in this research. According to the US salinity laboratory diagram, water quality class of Asi river water was determined as C₃S₁.

Conclusions: According to results of anova test, the differences in EC values among the sampling point were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Differences of pH, HCO₃ and MR among the sampling periods values were found significant at 0.01 level.

Significance and Impact of the Study: :  It must be careful when using Asi river water. Because, Asi river water classified as high salinity water. This water can not be used on soils with restricted drainage.

Keywords

• Asi River,Water quality,physico-chemical properties

Asi Nehrinin su kalite parametre düzeylerinin belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin sınır aşan akarsularından biri olan Asi Nehrinin su kalite parametre düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve bunların içme ve sulama suyu kalitesi açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem ve Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, Asi Nehrinin Türkiye kısmında belirlenen 8 noktadan, dört farklı dönemde su örnekleri alınmıştır. Alınan su örneklerinde pH, elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), eriyebilir katyon (Na, K, Ca, Mg) ve eriyebilir anyon (Cl^-, SO₄, CO₃^- ve HCO₃⁼) analizleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca eriyebilir katyon ve anyonlardan sodyum adsorpsiyon oranı (SAR), magnezyum oranı (MR), toplam sertlik (TH) ve kalıcı bikarbonat (RSC) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma konusu su kaynaklarına ait bütün parametrelerin tanımlayıcı istatistik analizleri (ortalama, en düşük ve en yüksek değerler, standart sapma, varyasyon katsayısı, vb.) hesaplanmıştır. Su örneklerinin özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri araştırmak için korelasyon analizi ve örnekleme dönemleri ve noktaları arasındaki farklılıkları açıklayabilmek için ise anova ve duncan testleri yapılmıştır. Asi Nehir suyunda katyonların oransal bolluk sıralaması çoktan aza doğru Mg>Na>Ca>K şeklinde, anyonların sıralaması ise SO4>HCO₃>Cl>CO₃ şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Amerikan tuzluluk laboratuvarı diyagramına göre, Asi Nehir suyunun kalite sınıfı C₃S₁ olarak belirlenmiştir.

Genel Yorum: Yapılan varyans analiz sonuçlarına göre; örnekleme noktaları arasında EC değerlerindeki farklılık istatistiksel açıdan %5 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Diğer parametrelerdeki farklılıklar ise istatistiksel açıdan önemli bulunamamıştır. Yine, örnekleme dönemleri arasında ise pH, HCO₃ ve MR değerleri arasındaki farklılık %1 düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur.

Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Asi nehir suyunu kullanırken dikkatli olmak gerekir. Asi nehir suyu tuzluluk açısından çok tuzlu sular sınıfına girmektedir. Bu su ancak iyi drenaj koşullarında ve tuzluluk kontrolü için özel yönetim uygulamaları ile sulamada kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Asi nehri,su kalitesi,fiziko-kimyasal özellikler

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