Effects of types of casing with the different materials on volatile compounds (VCs) of sausages (sucuks) during the ripening
Abstract
Aims: Sucuk is one of the most popular traditional dry-fermented sausages in Turkey. The most volatile compounds (VCs) formed by biochemical pathways or derived directly from spices are essential for sucuk flavor. The object of this study was to make a comparison between sucuks produced using natural casing (S-NC) or synthetic casing (S-SC), in terms of VCs.
Methods and Results: The VCs were analyzed using solid-phase-micro-extraction (SPME) technique with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The common VCs identified in sucuks were methyleugenol (14 %), 4-(1-methylethyl)-benzenmethanol (11 %), γ-terpinene (11 %), trans-caryophylene (10 %), cumin aldehyde (9 %), p-cymene (7 %), diallyl-disulphide (7 %), 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (4 %), eugenol (3 %), α-thujenal (2 %) and β-pinene (2 %), accounted for approximately 80 % of total VCs. Of these VCs, 4-(1-methylethyl)-benzenmethanol, cumin aldehyde, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, α-thujenal, β-pinene, eugenol, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone were significantly influenced by the ripening period. S-NC had significantly the higher percentages of cumin aldehyde, α-thujenal and lower percentages of 4-(1-methylethyl)-benzenmethanol than those in S-SC.
Conclusions: Sucuks with synthetic or natural casing had a similar volatile compound profile but there were observed differences at the proportions of the most VCs between sucuks. The terpenes except for limonene were not influenced by the types of casing. When compared with natural casing, use of synthetic casing resulted in a decrease in total ketones, total aldehydes and total sulfur compounds, especially at the end of ripening. The synthetic casing may use for sucuk-making at the under short-term storage conditions due to increases in the reduction products such as alcohols.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Principle component analysis based on VCs differentiated sucuks according to their ripening times and their casings. S-SC at Day 11 was completely different from the other sucuks. Furthermore, a long-term goal of this research is to determine the detailed biochemical and physical changes and also sensory characteristics during the storage.
Keywords
References
- Çoksever E, Sarıçoban C (2010) Effects of bitter orange albedo addtion on the quality characteristics of naturally fermented Turkish style sausage (Sucuks). Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 8: 82-85.
- Jelen HH, Gracka A (2015) Analysis of black pepper volatiles by solid phase microexrtaction-gas chromatography: A comparison of terpenes profiles with hydrodistillation. Journal of Chromatography A 1418: 200-209.
- Kaban G (2010) Volatile compounds of traditional Turkish dery fermented sausage (Sucuk). International Journal of Food Properties 13: 525-534.
- Kaban G, Kaya M (2009) Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Staphylococcus xylosus on the quality characteristics of dry fermented sausage ‘’Sucuk’’. Journal of Food Science 74: 58-63.
- Kargozari M, Moini S, Basti AA, Emam-Djomeh Z, Gandomi H, Martin IR, Ghasemlou M, Carbonell-Barrachina AA (2014) Effect of autochthonous starter cultures isolated from Siahmazgi cheese on physicochemical, microbiological and volatile compoun profiles and sensorial attributes of sucuk, a Turkish dry-fermented sausage. Meat Science 97: 104-114.
- Latorre-Moratalla ML, Bosch-Fuste J, Bover-Cid S, Aymerich T, Vidal-Carou MC (2011) Contribution of enterococci to the volatile profile of slightly-fermented sausages. LWT-Food Science and Technology 44: 145-152.
- Li R, Jiang ZT (2004) Chemical composition of the essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. from China. Flavor and Fragrance Journal 19: 311-313.
- Marco A, Navarro JL, Flores M (2004) Volatile compounds of dry-fermented sausages as affected by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Food Chemistry 84: 633-641.
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Food Engineering
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Ahmet Dursun
*
0000-0003-1889-9379
Türkiye
Zehra Güler
This is me
0000-0003-1889-9379
Türkiye
Publication Date
December 18, 2019
Submission Date
November 4, 2019
Acceptance Date
November 29, 2019
Published in Issue
Year 2019 Volume: 24 Number: 3