Dental İmplant Cerrahisinde Kullanılan Ağız Dışı Otojen Kemik Greftleri

Abstract

Dişlerin kaybedilmesinden sonra, periodontal lifler ve dişler tarafından herhangi bir uyaran olmadığından kemik rezorbsiyonu başlamaktadır. Parsiyel ve total dişsiz bireylerin tedavisinde uzun yıllardır kullanılan dental implantların başarılı olması için sert ve yumuşak dokuların ideal hacimde ve kalitede olması gerekir. İleri düzeyde çene kemiği atrofisi gözlenen durumlarda implant  tedavisi öncesinde ogmentasyon işlemlerine gerek duyulabilir. Otojen kemik greftleri maksillofasiyal defektlerinin rekonstrüksiyonu için altın standarttır. Yüksek miktarda greft uygulaması gerektiren, geniş atrofik bölgeler için kullanılan otojen kemik greftleri ağız dışı alanlardan elde edilir. Greft alınacak bölgenin seçiminde kemiğin tipi, rekonstrükte edilecek alanın genişliği, hastanın uyumu, elde edilebilecek kemik miktarı, cerrahın tecrübesi gibi faktörler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. İliak, kostokondral, kalvaryum, proksimal tibia ve vaskülarize fibula greftleri yaygın olarak kullanılan ağız dışı otojen greft kaynaklarındandır.

Anahtar kelimeler:  Ağız dışı greftler, İmplant, Kemik, Otojen.

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