Tiroid nodülleri

Abstract

Tiroid nodülleri tiroid bezinin sık görülen hastalığıdır. Prevalansı yaşla ve iyot eksikliği ile artmakla birlikte son yıllarda başka nedenlerle yapılan görüntüleme tekniklerinde saptanması farkındalığı da arttırmıştır. Tiroid nodüllerinin tanınıp araştırılmasındaki gereklilik bunların malignite potansiyellerinin olmasıdır. Hastalar genellikle boyunda fark ettikleri şişlik nedeniyle başvururlar. Tiroid fonksiyonları değerlendirilmeli beraberinde ultrasonografi ile nodülün özellikleri (boyutu, sayısı, ekojenitesi, kenar özellikleri, kanlanma düzeni) ortaya konulmalıdır. Nodülün klinik ve morfolojik özelliklerine göre tiroid ince iğne aspirasyon biyopsisi (TİİAB) gerekliliği değerlendirilir. İhtiyaç halinde diğer görüntüleme tekniklerinden (Elastosonografi, Bilgisayarlı Tomografi, Magnetik Rezonans, Radyonüklid görüntüleme) faydalanılabilir. Klinik, radyolojik ve TİİAB sonucu birlikte değerlendirilerek nodülün tedavisine ya da izlenmesine karar verilir.

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