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Türkiye’de Ulusal Güvenlik Söylemini Pasivizasyon Bağlamında Yeniden Düşünmek

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: 1 - The Spirit of the Age and Counter-Hegemony, 37 - 55, 15.06.2014

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı, Türkiye’deki neoliberal yeniden yapılandırma sürecini resmî ulusal güvenlik söyleminin fabrikasyonuna ve bu söylemin üreten sınıflar tarafından ortak kanı olarak adaptasyonuna referansla analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla, pasivizasyonun güvenlikleştirme için karşı hegemonik bir yaklaşım sunduğu kabulünden yola çıkarak, Türk siyasetinde ulusal güvenliğin rolünü çalışmak için daha ziyade gelenekselleşmiş olan sivil-askerî ikileminin ötesine geçen alternatif bir çerçeve önerisi sunacağım. Ulusal güvenliğin, hem emperyal hem yerel hedefleri olan pasivizasyonu amaçlayan bir teknik olduğu ve dolayısıyla neoliberalizm-güvenlik-pasivizasyon ekseninde anlaşılması gerektiği yazının temel argümanını oluşturuyor. Makale, üç bölümden oluşuyor. Birinci bölümde, pasivizasyon kavramının tarihini inceleyeceğim. İkinci bölümde, askeri rejimlerden sivil AKP hükümetlerine ulusal güvenlik söyleminin devamlılığına bakacağım. Üçüncü bölümde ise Gezi Direnişi sırasında ortaya çıkan alternatif dayanışma biçimlerine ve bunların nasıl karşı hegemonik bir ortak kanı yaratma ihtimalinin yolunu açtığını tartışacağım.

References

  • Ahmad, F. (1999). Modern Türkiye’nin Oluşumu. İstanbul: Kaynak Yayınları.
  • Bayramoğlu, A. (2004). Asker ve Siyaset. In İnsel, A. and Bayramoğlu, A. (eds.). Bir Zümre, Bir Parti: Türkiye’de Ordu. Ankara: Birikim Yayınları.
  • Corrigan, P. and Sayer, D. (1985). The Great Arch: English State Formation as Cultural Revolution. Oxford and New York: Blackwell.
  • Coşar, S. and Özman, A. (2012). Neoliberal Politics, State and Privatization in Turkey: The Case of TEKEL. In Paulson, J. et al. (eds.). Capitalism and Confrontation: Critical Readings. Ottawa: RQB.
  • Coşar, S. (2012). The AKP’s Hold on Power: Neoliberalism Meets the Turkish-Islamic Synthesis. In Coşar, S. and Yücesan-Özdemir, G. (eds.). Silent Violence: Neoliberalism, Islamist Politics and the AKP Years in Turkey. Ottawa: Red Quill Books.
  • Coşar, S. (2011). Turkish Nationalism and Sunni Islam in the Construction of AKP, BBP and MHP Identities. In Kadıoğlu, A. and Keyman, E. F. (eds.). Symbiotic Antigonisms: Competing Nationalisms in Turkey. University of Utah Press.
  • Coşar, S. and Özman, A. (2004). Centre-right politics in Turkey after the November 2002 general elections: Neo-liberalism with Muslim face. Contemporary Politics 10(1): 57-74.
  • Evren, K. (1981). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Başkanı Orgeneral Kenan Evren’in Söylev ve Demeçleri. Ankara: Başbakanlık Basımevi.
  • Foucault, M. (2008). The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the College de France, 1978-1979. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Hall, S. (1987). Gramsci and us. Marxism Today, June 1987: 16-21.
  • Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Haspolat, E. (2012). Neoliberalizm ve Baskı Aygıtının Dönüşümü: Türkiye’de Özel Güvenliğin Gelişimi. Ankara: NotaBene Yayınları.
  • Heper, M. (2005). The Justice and Development Party government and the military in Turkey. Turkish Studies 6(2): 215-231.
  • Hunt, A. (1999). Governing Morals: A Social History of Moral Regulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Knemeyer, F. L. (1980). Polizei. Economy and Society 9(2): 172-196.
  • Komer, R. (1970). Organization and Management of the “New Model” Pacification Program—1966-1969. The Rand Corporation Report.
  • Lebowitz, M. A. (2012). The state and the future of socialism. Socialist Register 49: 345-367.
  • Marx, K. and Engels, F. (1977). Manifesto of the Communist Party. Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • Neocleous, M. (2014). War Power, Police Power. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Neocleous, M. (2013). The dream of pacification: Accumulation, class war, and the hunt. Socialist Studies 9(2): 7-31.
  • Neocleous, M. (2011). ‘A brighter and nicer new life’: Security as pacification. Social and Legal Studies 20(2): 191-208.
  • Neocleous, M. (2010). War as peace, peace as pacification. Radical Philosophy 159: 8-17.
  • Neocleous, M. (2008). Critique of Security. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Neocleous, M. (2000). The Fabrication of the Social Order. London: Pluto Press.
  • Neocleous, M. (1996). Administering Civil Society: Towards a Theory of State Power. New York: Palgrave MacMillan
  • Neocleous, M. and Rigakos, G. S. (eds.). (2011). Anti-Security. Ottawa: Red Quill Books.
  • New York Times, (1969). The new young Turks. March 17.
  • New York Times, (1969). Turkey’s new mood is puzzling: Anti-US sentiment evident in land of NATO ally. February 17.
  • Pasquino, P. (1991). Theatrum Politicum: The Genealogy of Capital - Police and the State of Prosperity. In Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P. (eds.). The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality. Harvester Wheatsheaf: Hemel Hempstead.
  • Rigakos, G. S. (2011). ‘To extend the scope of productive labour’: Pacification as a police project. In Neocleous, M and Rigakos, G. S. (eds.). Anti-Security. Ottawa: RQB.
  • Small, A. (2001). The Cameralists: The Pioneers of German Polity. Kitchener: Batoche Books.
  • Smith, A. (1896). Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue and Arms, London: Kessinger Press.
  • Storch, Robert D. (1976). The policeman as domestic missionary: Urban discipline and popular culture in Northern England, 1850-1880. Journal of Social History 9: 481-509.
  • Temiz, A. D. (2013). İçeridekiler, dışarıdakiler. Birikim 291/292: 27-38.

Revisiting National Security Discourse in Turkey with a view to Pacification: From Military Power to Police Power onto Orchestration of Labour Power

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: 1 - The Spirit of the Age and Counter-Hegemony, 37 - 55, 15.06.2014

Abstract

In this article, I try to analyse the neoliberal re-structuration in Turkey with a view to fabrication of official national security discourse and its adaption as common sense among productive classes. Acknowledging pacification as a counter-hegemonic approach to securitization, I offer an alternative framework to study the role of national security in Turkish politics that goes beyond rather traditionalized civil-military dichotomy. I argue that national security is a technique aiming at pacification with both imperial and local targets and that it should be understood with recourse to the neoliberalism-security-pacification axis. The article composes of three sections. First, I explore the history of the term pacification. Second, I look at the discursive continuities on national security between the military regime and the civilian AKP governments. Third, I reflect on the alternative forms of solidarity emerged during the Gezi Resistance that open the possibility of creating a counter-hegemonic common sense.

References

  • Ahmad, F. (1999). Modern Türkiye’nin Oluşumu. İstanbul: Kaynak Yayınları.
  • Bayramoğlu, A. (2004). Asker ve Siyaset. In İnsel, A. and Bayramoğlu, A. (eds.). Bir Zümre, Bir Parti: Türkiye’de Ordu. Ankara: Birikim Yayınları.
  • Corrigan, P. and Sayer, D. (1985). The Great Arch: English State Formation as Cultural Revolution. Oxford and New York: Blackwell.
  • Coşar, S. and Özman, A. (2012). Neoliberal Politics, State and Privatization in Turkey: The Case of TEKEL. In Paulson, J. et al. (eds.). Capitalism and Confrontation: Critical Readings. Ottawa: RQB.
  • Coşar, S. (2012). The AKP’s Hold on Power: Neoliberalism Meets the Turkish-Islamic Synthesis. In Coşar, S. and Yücesan-Özdemir, G. (eds.). Silent Violence: Neoliberalism, Islamist Politics and the AKP Years in Turkey. Ottawa: Red Quill Books.
  • Coşar, S. (2011). Turkish Nationalism and Sunni Islam in the Construction of AKP, BBP and MHP Identities. In Kadıoğlu, A. and Keyman, E. F. (eds.). Symbiotic Antigonisms: Competing Nationalisms in Turkey. University of Utah Press.
  • Coşar, S. and Özman, A. (2004). Centre-right politics in Turkey after the November 2002 general elections: Neo-liberalism with Muslim face. Contemporary Politics 10(1): 57-74.
  • Evren, K. (1981). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Başkanı Orgeneral Kenan Evren’in Söylev ve Demeçleri. Ankara: Başbakanlık Basımevi.
  • Foucault, M. (2008). The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the College de France, 1978-1979. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Hall, S. (1987). Gramsci and us. Marxism Today, June 1987: 16-21.
  • Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Haspolat, E. (2012). Neoliberalizm ve Baskı Aygıtının Dönüşümü: Türkiye’de Özel Güvenliğin Gelişimi. Ankara: NotaBene Yayınları.
  • Heper, M. (2005). The Justice and Development Party government and the military in Turkey. Turkish Studies 6(2): 215-231.
  • Hunt, A. (1999). Governing Morals: A Social History of Moral Regulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Knemeyer, F. L. (1980). Polizei. Economy and Society 9(2): 172-196.
  • Komer, R. (1970). Organization and Management of the “New Model” Pacification Program—1966-1969. The Rand Corporation Report.
  • Lebowitz, M. A. (2012). The state and the future of socialism. Socialist Register 49: 345-367.
  • Marx, K. and Engels, F. (1977). Manifesto of the Communist Party. Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • Neocleous, M. (2014). War Power, Police Power. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Neocleous, M. (2013). The dream of pacification: Accumulation, class war, and the hunt. Socialist Studies 9(2): 7-31.
  • Neocleous, M. (2011). ‘A brighter and nicer new life’: Security as pacification. Social and Legal Studies 20(2): 191-208.
  • Neocleous, M. (2010). War as peace, peace as pacification. Radical Philosophy 159: 8-17.
  • Neocleous, M. (2008). Critique of Security. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Neocleous, M. (2000). The Fabrication of the Social Order. London: Pluto Press.
  • Neocleous, M. (1996). Administering Civil Society: Towards a Theory of State Power. New York: Palgrave MacMillan
  • Neocleous, M. and Rigakos, G. S. (eds.). (2011). Anti-Security. Ottawa: Red Quill Books.
  • New York Times, (1969). The new young Turks. March 17.
  • New York Times, (1969). Turkey’s new mood is puzzling: Anti-US sentiment evident in land of NATO ally. February 17.
  • Pasquino, P. (1991). Theatrum Politicum: The Genealogy of Capital - Police and the State of Prosperity. In Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P. (eds.). The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality. Harvester Wheatsheaf: Hemel Hempstead.
  • Rigakos, G. S. (2011). ‘To extend the scope of productive labour’: Pacification as a police project. In Neocleous, M and Rigakos, G. S. (eds.). Anti-Security. Ottawa: RQB.
  • Small, A. (2001). The Cameralists: The Pioneers of German Polity. Kitchener: Batoche Books.
  • Smith, A. (1896). Lectures on Justice, Police, Revenue and Arms, London: Kessinger Press.
  • Storch, Robert D. (1976). The policeman as domestic missionary: Urban discipline and popular culture in Northern England, 1850-1880. Journal of Social History 9: 481-509.
  • Temiz, A. D. (2013). İçeridekiler, dışarıdakiler. Birikim 291/292: 27-38.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Articles (Thematic)
Authors

Gülden Özcan This is me

Publication Date June 15, 2014
Submission Date June 1, 2014
Acceptance Date June 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 1 Issue: 1 - The Spirit of the Age and Counter-Hegemony

Cite

APA Özcan, G. (2014). Revisiting National Security Discourse in Turkey with a view to Pacification: From Military Power to Police Power onto Orchestration of Labour Power. Moment Dergi, 1(1), 37-55. https://doi.org/10.17572/moment.396358