Examining of Expert Opinions on the Barriers to the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in the Logistics Sector

Abstract

Last mile logistics has become critically important, especially in urban areas, as it provides speed, cost, and environmental sustainability. An important application of last mile delivery, delivery with unmanned aerial vehicles has become an innovative delivery area. In the process of making deliveries with unmanned aerial vehicles, many obstacles are encountered in the field in world examples. In this context, the aim of the research is to examining the barriers to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the logistics sector in Turkey. The data of the research was obtained with the expert evaluation form between June 01-15, 2024. Purposive sampling method was used in the research. The data of the research were obtained from 5 professionals who are experts in the subject from the stakeholder groups that are affected and affect the application area of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the logistics sector in line with the sample. Expert evaluation forms were deciphered using the Lawshe (1975) technique. The scope validity ratios (CVR) of the data were calculated using Microsoft Excel (2020). As a result of expert opinions in the research, it was confirmed that the scope validity values of all main dimensions were valid. In addition, the market main dimension was added to the study in line with the suggestion of an expert who participated in the research. As a result of the research, it was determined that thirteen main barrier dimensions in total; legal, environmental, public psychology and perception, education and certification, economic, organizational, technological, technical, operational, confidentiality, security, infrastructure and market-related deficiencies and problems are the main barriers to the use of UAVs in the logistics sector in Turkey.

Keywords

• Logistics
• Unmanned aerial vehicles
• Lawshe Tecnhnique

Lojistik Sektöründe İnsansız Hava Araçlarının (İHA) Kullanımın Önündeki Engellere Dair Uzman Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Son mil lojistiği özellikle kentsel alanlarda hız, maliyet ve çevresel anlamda sürdürülebilirlik sağladığından kritik öneme sahip olmuştur. Son mil teslimatının önemli bir uygulaması olan insansız hava araçlarıyla teslimat gerçekleştirilmesi yenilikçi bir teslimat alanına dönüşmüştür. İnsansız hava araçlarıyla teslimatların yapılması sürecinde dünya örneklerinde de sahada birçok engellerle karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’de lojistik sektöründe insansız hava araçları (İHA) kullanımının önündeki engellerin tespit edilmesidir. Araştırmanın verileri 01-15 Haziran 2024 tarihleri arasında uzman değerlendirme formuyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada amaçlı örneklem yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri örneklem doğrultusunda lojistik sektöründe insansız hava araçlarının (İHA) uygulama alanı sürecinde etkilenen ve etkileyen paydaş gruplarından konunun uzmanı 5 profesyonelden elde edilmiştir. Uzman değerlendirme formları Lawshe (1975) tekniği kullanılarak deşifre edilmiştir. Verilerin kapsam geçerlilik oranları (KGO) Microsoft Excel (2020) kullanılarak değerler hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmada uzman görüşleri sonucunda tüm ana boyutların kapsam geçerlilik değerleri geçerli olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmaya katılan bir uzmanın önerisi doğrultusunda çalışmaya pazar ana boyutu eklenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda toplamda on üç ana engel boyutu; hukuk, çevresel, kamuoyu psikolojisi ve algısı, eğitim ve sertifikasyon, ekonomik, organizasyonel, teknoloji, teknik, operasyonel, gizlilik, güvenlik, altyapı ve pazara ilişkin eksikliklerin ve sorunların Türkiye’de lojistik sektöründe İHA’ların kullanımının önündeki başlıca engeller olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• lojistik
• İnsansız Hava Araçları
• Lawshe Tekniği

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