A Vitamini Eksikliğinin Anemi Üzerindeki Etki Mekanizmaları

Abstract

Bu çalışmada mevcut literatür yardımıyla A vitamini eksikliğinin (AVE) kan demir düzeyi ve anemi durumu üzerindeki potansiyel etki mekanizmalarının açıklanması amaçlanmıştır. Öncelikle A vitamini eksikliği ve anemi arasındaki ilişki, çeşitli mekanizmalar aracılığıyla gerçekleşmekte olup karmaşık bir yapıya sahiptir. Eritropoez modülasyonu, enfeksiyona karşı bağışıklık fonksiyonu ve demir metabolizması bu etkileşimlerin anahtar noktalarıdır. Epidemiyolojik çalışmalar, özellikle çocuk ve hamile kadın popülasyonlarında AVE ve anemi arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. A vitamini, eritropoietin (EPO) geninin transkripsiyonunu aktive ederek eritropoezi etkileyebilir ve enfeksiyon anemisini azaltabilir. Bununla birlikte, AVE sırasında demirin hapsedilmesi ve serbest bırakılmaması, anemi ve demir indekslerinin anormalleşmesine neden olabilir. Yapılan araştırmalarda, A vitamini takviyelerinin kan demir düzeyi ve anemi durumu üzerindeki etkisi hakkında çelişkili bulgular mevcuttur. Bazı çalışmalarda A vitamini takviyesinin kan demir düzeyini ve anemi durumunu iyileştirebileceği rapor edilirken, bazı çalışmalarda ise bu konuda anlamlı bir etki tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak, A vitamini eksikliğinin anemi üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olabilir ve A vitamini takviyeleri AVE ve anemi gibi sorunların önlenmesi ve tedavisi için önemli bir yöntem olabilir.

Keywords

• A vitamini
• A vitamini eksikliği
• anemi
• demir

Effect Mechanisms of Vitamin A Deficiency on Anemia

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to explain the potential mechanisms of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) on blood iron levels and anemia status with the help of the existing literature. First of all, the relationship between vitamin A deficiency and anemia is mediated through various mechanisms and has a complex structure. Modulation of erythropoiesis, immune function against infection and iron metabolism are key points of these interactions. Epidemiological studies show a strong association between VAD and anemia, especially in populations of children and pregnant women. Vitamin A may affect erythropoiesis by activating transcription of the erythropoietin (EPO) gene and reduce infection anemia. However, the trapping and non-release of iron during VAD can lead to anemia and abnormalization of iron indices. There are conflicting findings in research on the effect of vitamin A supplements on blood iron levels and anemia status. While some studies have reported that vitamin A supplementation can improve blood iron levels and anemia, some studies have found no significant effect. In conclusion, vitamin A deficiency may have adverse effects on anemia and vitamin A supplements may be an important method for the prevention and treatment of problems such as VAD and anemia.

Keywords

• Vitamin a
• Vitamin A deficiency
• anemia
• iron

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