Bir Zebra Balığı (Danio rerio) Modelinde Klorpirifos Maruziyetinin Nörotoksik Etkileri: Davranışsal, Enzimatik ve Moleküler Tepkilerin Araştırılması

Abstract

Klorpirifos (CPF), nörodavranışsal gelişimi etkilediği gösterilen yaygın olarak kullanılan bir insektisittir. Gelişim sırasında CPF'ye maruz kalmak nörodavranışsal ve nörotoksik etkilere neden olur. Bu çalışmada, zebra balığı larvaları akut olarak 0,01 μg/ml ve 0,1 μg/ml CPF'ye maruz bırakılmış ve sirkadiyen ritim ve anksiyete üzerindeki etkisi moleküler ve davranışsal analizlerle test edilmiştir. Sonuçların analizi, CPF maruziyetinin nörogelişim (Bdnf), sirkadiyen ritim (Bmal1, Per), fototransdüksiyon (Gnat2) ve stres tepkisi (Crhr, 5ht4) ile ilişkili genlerin transkripsiyon seviyelerini değiştirdiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, CPF'nin asetilkolinesteraz (AChE) enzim aktivitesini ve gen ekspresyon seviyelerini doza bağlı olarak inhibe ettiği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, CPF lokomotor aktivitede bozulmalara neden olmuş ve özellikle sirkadiyen faza bağlı olarak davranışsal tepkiler gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, anksiyeteyle ilişkili davranışsal parametrelerde (örneğin tigmotaksis) artış gözlenmiş ve bu davranışsal bulgular moleküler düzeyde desteklenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, klorpirifosun nörotoksik etkilerinin hem davranışsal hem de genetik düzeyde ortaya çıktığını göstermekte ve çevresel pestisit maruziyetinin sucul omurgalıların sinir sistemi gelişimi üzerindeki potansiyel risklerini vurgulamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Klorpirifos, zebra balığı, sirkadiyen ritim, anksiyete

Keywords

• Klorpirifos
• zebra balığı
• sirkadiyen ritim
• anksiyete

Neurotoxic Effects of Chlorpyrifos Exposure in a Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Model: Investigation of Behavioral, Enzymatic and Molecular Responses

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used insecticide that has been shown to affect neurobehavioral development. Exposure to CPF during development causes neurobehavioral and neurotoxic effects. In this study, zebrafish larvae were acutely exposed to 0.01 μg/ml and 0.1 μg/ml CPF and its effect on circadian rhythm and anxiety was tested by molecular and behavioral analyses. Analysis of the results showed that CPF exposure altered the transcription levels of genes associated with neurodevelopment (Bdnf), circadian rhythm (Bmal1, Per), phototransduction (Gnat2) and stress response (Crhr, 5ht4). Furthermore, CPF was found to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity and gene expression levels in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, CPF caused disruptions in locomotor activity, and behavioral responses were observed, especially depending on the circadian phase. Moreover, anxiety-related behavioral parameters (e.g. tigmotaxis) were increased and these behavioral findings were supported at the molecular level. These results demonstrate that the neurotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos occur at both behavioral and genetic levels and highlight the potential risks of environmental pesticide exposure on the development of the nervous system of aquatic vertebrates. Keywords: Chlorpyrifos, zebrafish, circadian rhythm, anxiety

Keywords

• Chlorpyrifos
• zebrafish
• circadian rhythm
• anxiety

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