SOSYAL POLİTİKA DİSİPLİNİ ÜZERİNDEN KOOPERATİFLERİ YENİDEN DÜŞÜNMEK

Year 2023, Volume: 18 Issue: 40, 409 - 440, 28.12.2023

Özal Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.56524/msydergi.1366425

Abstract

Son dönemlerde uluslararası ve ulusal platformlarda sıklıkla tartışılan ve uzun bir aradan sonra yeniden gündem oluşturmayı başaran kooperatifçilik hareketi, sosyal politika disiplini içerisindeki yeri ve önemi açısından tekrardan hatırlanmaya başlamaktadır. Kooperatifçilik düşüncesi, üniversitelerde büyük oranda işletme alanının bir dalı olarak sunulmakla birlikte, esasında ele aldığı perspektifle toplumsal kalkınmayı önceleyen yapısı, her alanda tekelleşmeye karşı duruşu ve kooperatifler bünyesinde yer alan geniş halk kesimlerinin sömürülmesine karşı çıkan ilkeleriyle, sosyo ekonomik adaletin sağlanmasında önemli roller oynamaktadır. Bu roller, kooperatifçilik hareketini sosyal politika disiplininin asli bir parçası haline getirmektedir. 1970’li yıllarda sosyal devletin zayıflatılması ve neo-liberal iktisadi söylemlerin giderek büyümesiyle birlikte toplumsal kesimlerin yerel ve küresel ölçekte yaşadığı mülksüzleşme, güvencesizleşme ve proleterleşme sonucunda gözlemlenen sosyo-ekonomik tahribat karşısında kooperatifçilik düşüncesi yeniden gündeme gelmeye başlamaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında neo-liberalizmin yarattığı sosyal tahribatın bir anti-tezi olarak düşünülebilecek kooperatifçilik hareketleri, gelişim gösterdiği 19. yüzyıldan günümüze biriktirdiği deneyimlerden de aldığı derslerle, yeni toplumsal stratejiler ve sınıf temelli ilişki ağları inşa etmeye çalışmaktadır. İlgili çalışma kapsamında sosyal politika disipliniyle olan ilişkisi üzerinden kooperatifçiliği anlamaya çalışmak ve ideal bir kooperatifçilik hareketinin izini sürmeye yönelik tartışmaları derinleştirmek amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

Sosyal Politika, Sosyal Devlet, Dayanışma Ekonomisi, Neo-liberalizm, Kooperatifçilik

Rethinking Cooperatives Through the Discipline of Social Policy

Abstract

The cooperative movement, which has recently been discussed frequently on international and national platforms and has managed to re-emerge on the agenda after a long absence, is being recalled in terms of its place and importance within the discipline of social policy. Although the idea of cooperatives is presented mainly as a branch of business administration in universities, it plays a vital role in ensuring socio-economic justice with its perspective that prioritizes social development, its stance against monopolization in all areas, and its principles that oppose the exploitation of large segments of the population within cooperatives. These roles make the cooperative movement an integral part of the social policy discipline. In the 1970s, with the weakening of the welfare state and the growth of neo liberal economic discourses, the idea of cooperatives began to reappear on the agenda in the face of the socio economic destruction caused by the local and global dispossession, precarization, and proletarianization of social groups. From this perspective, cooperative movements, which can be seen as an antithesis to the social destruction caused by neo-liberalism, are trying to build new social strategies and class-based networks of relations with the lessons they have learned from the experiences they have accumulated since their development in the 19th century. This study aims to understand cooperatives concerning the discipline of social policy and to deepen the debate on tracing an ideal cooperative movement.

Keywords

Social Policy, Social State, Solidarity Economy, Neo-liberalism, Cooperatives

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