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Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma

Year 2021, Issue: 90, 57 - 78, 09.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.811062

Abstract

Çalışmada, BİST 50 endeksinde 2000-2019 döneminde işlem gören reel sektör firmalarının kâr payı politikaları ile pay senedi volatilitesi arasındaki ilişki panel veri analizi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada firmaların kâr payı politikalarının göstergesi olarak kâr payı getirisi ve kâr payı ödeme oranı bağımsız değişken olarak, pay senedi volatilitesi ise bağımlı değişken olarak analize dahil edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, kâr payı ödeme oranı ile pay senedi volatilitesi arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki, kâr payı getirisi ile pay senedi volatilitesi arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre kâr payı politikalarının pay senedi volatilitesini etkilediği, sinyal teorisi ve müşteri etkisi teorisinin geçerli olduğu söylenebilir.

References

  • Agbatogun, Taofeek O. – Kajola, Sunday O. – Akinbola, Olufemi A. (2019), “Influence of Dividend Policy on Stock Price Volatility of Non-Financial Firms Listed Nigerian Stock Exchange”, Izvestiya Journal of Varna University of Economics, 63(1), pp. 35-49.
  • Al-Shawawreh, Fawaz K. (2014), “The Impact of Dividend Policy on Share Price Volatility: Empirical Evidence from Jordanian Stock Market”, European Journal of Business and Management, 6(38), pp. 133-143.
  • Albayrak, Ali S. (2005), “Çoklu Doğrusal Bağlantı Halinde En küçük Kareler Tekniğinin Alternatifi Yanlı Tahmin Teknikleri ve Bir Uygulama”, ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(1), ss. 105-107.
  • Allen, Dave E. – Rachim, Veronica S. (1996), “Dividend Policy and Stock Price Volatility: Australian Evidence”, Applied Financial Economics, 6(2), pp. 175-188.
  • Bai, Jushan – Ng, Serena (2004), “A Panic Attack on Unit Roots and Cointegration”, Econometrica, 72, pp. 1127–1177.
  • Baltagi, Badi H., (2005) Econometric Analysis Of Panel Data, England: John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.
  • Baltagi, Badi H.- Li, Qi, (1991) “A Joint Test For Serial Correlation And Random Individual Effects”, Statistics and Probability Letters, 11(3), pp. 277-280.
  • Baskin, Jonathan, (1989) “Dividend Policy and The Volatility of Common Stocks”, The Journal of Portfolio Management, 15(3), pp. 19-25.
  • Beck, Nathaniel - Katz, Jonathan N. (1995), “What To Do (And Not To Do) With Time-Series Cross-Section Data”, American Political Science Review, 89(3), pp. 634-647.
  • Born, Benjamin – Breitung, Jörg (2016), “Testing For Serial Correlation In Fixed-Effects Panel Data Models”, Econometric Reviews, 35(7), pp. 1290-1316.
  • Breusch, Trevor S. – Pagan, Adrian (1980), “The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics” Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), pp. 239-253.
  • Cristea, Ciprian - Cristea, Maria (2018), “The Influence of Dividend Policy on The Volatility of Shares in The Romanian Equity Capital Market”, Annual Session of Scientific Papers IMT ORADEA.
  • Dhaliwal, Dan S. – Ericson, Merle - Trezevant, Robert (1999), “A Test of the Theory of Tax Clienteles for Dividend Policies”, National Tax Journal, 52(2), pp. 179-194.
  • Diacogiannis, George P. (1993) Financial Management a Modelling Approach Using Spreadsheets. McGraw-Hill.
  • Dickey, David A. - Fuller, Wayne A. (1981) “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with A Unit Root” Econometrica, 49, pp. 1057-1072.
  • Dionne, Georges - Ouederni, Karima (2011), “Corporate Risk Management and Dividend Signaling Theory”, Finance Research Letters, 8, pp. 188-195.
  • Eraslan, Mehmet - Koç, Selahattin (2017), “Kâr Payı Ödemelerinin Hisse Başına Kâra Etkisinin Analizi: BİST Çimento Sektöründe Bir Uygulama”, Injosos Al-Farabi International Journal on Social Sciences/ Al-Farabi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), ss. 158-180.
  • Frankfurter, George M. - Wood, Bob G. (2002), “Dividend Policy Theories and Their Empirical Tests”, International Review of Financial Analysis, 11, pp. 111-138.
  • Günalp, Burak - Kadıoğlu, Eyüp - Kılıç, Saim (2010), “Nakit Temettü Bilgisinin Hisse Senedi Getirisi Üzerinde Önemli Bir Etkisi Olup Olmadığının İMKB’de Test Edilmesi”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), ss. 47-69.
  • Gürel, Eymen - Beyazıtlı, Ercan (2017), “Kar Payı Verimi ve Borsa İstanbul A.Ş. Üzerinde bir Uygulama”, Kırklareli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), ss. 121-133.
  • Habib, Yasir - Kiani, Zernigah, I. - Khan, Muhammad A. (2012), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: Evidence from Pakistan”, Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(5).
  • Haque, Rumana - Jahiruddin, A.T.M. - Mishu, Farhana (2018), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: A Study on Dhaka Stock Exchange”, Australian Academy of Accounting and Finance Review, 4(3), pp. 89-99.
  • Hashemijoo, Mohammad - Ardekani, Aref M. - Younesi, Nejat (2012), “The Impact of Dividend Policy on Share Price Volatility in the Malaysian Stock Market”, Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 4(1), pp. 111-129.
  • Honda, Yuzo (1985), “Testing The Error Components Model With Non-Normal Disturbances”, Review of Economic Studies. 52(4), pp. 681-690.
  • Hooi, Sew E. - Albaity, Mohamed - Ibrahimy, Ahmad I. (2015), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility”, Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 12(1), pp. 226-234.
  • Hussainey, Khaled - Mgbame, Chijoke O. - Chijoke-Mgbame, Aruoriwo M. (2011), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: UK Evidence”, The Journal of Risk Finance, 12(1), pp. 57-68.
  • Im, Kyung - Pesaran, Hashem - Shin Yongcheol (2003), “Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 115, pp. 53–74.
  • Jahfer, Athambawa - Mulafara, Hameed (2016), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: Evidence from Colombo Stock Market”, Int. J. Managerial and Financial Accounting, 8(2), pp. 97-108.
  • Kaderli, Yusuf - Başkaya, Hatice (2014), “Halka Açık Firmalarda Kâr Payı Dağıtım Duyurularının Hisse Senedi Fiyatlarına Etkisinin Ölçülmesi: Borsa İstanbul’da Bir Uygulama”, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü̈ Dergisi, 1(1), pp. 49-64.
  • Kar, Ahmet - Özer, Özlem - Şantaş, Fatih - Budak, Fatih (2012) “Kar Dağıtımının Hisse Senedi̇ Değeriyle İlişkisi: Spor Hizmetleri Sektörü Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), pp. 1-9.
  • Khan, Muhammad Y. - Khan, Wajid - Bassam, Mohammed W.H.A. - Javeed, Anam (2017), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility “Evidence from Karachi Stock Exchange”, Elk Asia Pacific Journal of Finance and Risk Management, 8(1).
  • Lashgari, Zahra - Ahmadi, Mousa (2014), “The Impact of Dividend Policy on Stock Price Volatility in The Tehran Stock Exchange” Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3(10), pp. 273-283.
  • M’rabet, Rachid - Boujjat, Wiame (2016), “The Relationship Between Dividend Payments And Firm Performance: A Study Of Listed Companies in Morocco”, European Scientific Journal, 12(4), 469-482.
  • Nguyen Duy T. - Bui, Mai H. - Do, Dung H. (2019), “The Relationship of Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: A Case in Vietnam”, Annals of Economic and Finance, 20(1), pp. 123-136.
  • Nguyen, Hieu - Nguyen, Anh H. - Tran, Quang C. - Le, Quynh L. (2020), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam Thanh”, Accounting, 6, pp. 67-78.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests For Cross Section Dependence In Panels”, Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 435.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem- Ullah, Aman - Yamagata, Takashi (2008), “A Bias Adjusted LM Test Of Error Cross Section Independence”, Econometrics Journal, 11(1), pp. 105–127.
  • Phillips, Petter C.- Perron, Pierre (1988), “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75, pp. 335-346.
  • Ramadan, Zeyad I. (2013), “Dividend Policy and Price Volatility. Empirical Evidence from Jordan”, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(2), pp. 15-22.
  • Ross, Stephan A. - Westerfield, Randolph W. - Jaffe, Jeffrey (2005), Corporate Finance, New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Süsay, Aynur - Tanrıöven, Cihan (2018), “BİST’te Fiyat Oynaklığı Üzerine Kar Payı Dağıtımının Etkisi” İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(1), ss. 103-118.
  • Van Horne, James C., - Wachowicz, John M. (1997), Fundamentals of Financial Management, Prentice Hall.
  • Zor, İsrafil - Yılmaz Küçük, Şeyma (2019) “Kar Payı Dağıtım Duyurularının Hisse Senedi Piyasa Fiyatına Etkisi: BİST 100’de Ampirik Bir Çalışma” Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü̈ Dergisi, 12(1), ss. 33-48.

The Relationship Between Dividend Policy and Stock Price Volatility: An Econometric Application on Firms Listed in BIST 50 Index

Year 2021, Issue: 90, 57 - 78, 09.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.811062

Abstract

In this study, the relationship dividend policy and stock volatility between the years 2000-2019 of the reel sector firms of the BIST 50 index was analyzed by panel regression analysis. In the study, while dividend yield and dividend payout ratio are included in the analysis as independent variables as indicators of the dividend policies of companies, stock volatility is included in the analysis as a dependent variable. As a result of the analysis, while a positive relationship was determined between the dividend payout ratio and stock volatility, a negative correlation was determined between dividend yield and stock volatility. According to the findings of the study, it can be said that dividend policies affect stock volatility, signaling theory and customer effect theory are valid.

References

  • Agbatogun, Taofeek O. – Kajola, Sunday O. – Akinbola, Olufemi A. (2019), “Influence of Dividend Policy on Stock Price Volatility of Non-Financial Firms Listed Nigerian Stock Exchange”, Izvestiya Journal of Varna University of Economics, 63(1), pp. 35-49.
  • Al-Shawawreh, Fawaz K. (2014), “The Impact of Dividend Policy on Share Price Volatility: Empirical Evidence from Jordanian Stock Market”, European Journal of Business and Management, 6(38), pp. 133-143.
  • Albayrak, Ali S. (2005), “Çoklu Doğrusal Bağlantı Halinde En küçük Kareler Tekniğinin Alternatifi Yanlı Tahmin Teknikleri ve Bir Uygulama”, ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(1), ss. 105-107.
  • Allen, Dave E. – Rachim, Veronica S. (1996), “Dividend Policy and Stock Price Volatility: Australian Evidence”, Applied Financial Economics, 6(2), pp. 175-188.
  • Bai, Jushan – Ng, Serena (2004), “A Panic Attack on Unit Roots and Cointegration”, Econometrica, 72, pp. 1127–1177.
  • Baltagi, Badi H., (2005) Econometric Analysis Of Panel Data, England: John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.
  • Baltagi, Badi H.- Li, Qi, (1991) “A Joint Test For Serial Correlation And Random Individual Effects”, Statistics and Probability Letters, 11(3), pp. 277-280.
  • Baskin, Jonathan, (1989) “Dividend Policy and The Volatility of Common Stocks”, The Journal of Portfolio Management, 15(3), pp. 19-25.
  • Beck, Nathaniel - Katz, Jonathan N. (1995), “What To Do (And Not To Do) With Time-Series Cross-Section Data”, American Political Science Review, 89(3), pp. 634-647.
  • Born, Benjamin – Breitung, Jörg (2016), “Testing For Serial Correlation In Fixed-Effects Panel Data Models”, Econometric Reviews, 35(7), pp. 1290-1316.
  • Breusch, Trevor S. – Pagan, Adrian (1980), “The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics” Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), pp. 239-253.
  • Cristea, Ciprian - Cristea, Maria (2018), “The Influence of Dividend Policy on The Volatility of Shares in The Romanian Equity Capital Market”, Annual Session of Scientific Papers IMT ORADEA.
  • Dhaliwal, Dan S. – Ericson, Merle - Trezevant, Robert (1999), “A Test of the Theory of Tax Clienteles for Dividend Policies”, National Tax Journal, 52(2), pp. 179-194.
  • Diacogiannis, George P. (1993) Financial Management a Modelling Approach Using Spreadsheets. McGraw-Hill.
  • Dickey, David A. - Fuller, Wayne A. (1981) “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with A Unit Root” Econometrica, 49, pp. 1057-1072.
  • Dionne, Georges - Ouederni, Karima (2011), “Corporate Risk Management and Dividend Signaling Theory”, Finance Research Letters, 8, pp. 188-195.
  • Eraslan, Mehmet - Koç, Selahattin (2017), “Kâr Payı Ödemelerinin Hisse Başına Kâra Etkisinin Analizi: BİST Çimento Sektöründe Bir Uygulama”, Injosos Al-Farabi International Journal on Social Sciences/ Al-Farabi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), ss. 158-180.
  • Frankfurter, George M. - Wood, Bob G. (2002), “Dividend Policy Theories and Their Empirical Tests”, International Review of Financial Analysis, 11, pp. 111-138.
  • Günalp, Burak - Kadıoğlu, Eyüp - Kılıç, Saim (2010), “Nakit Temettü Bilgisinin Hisse Senedi Getirisi Üzerinde Önemli Bir Etkisi Olup Olmadığının İMKB’de Test Edilmesi”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), ss. 47-69.
  • Gürel, Eymen - Beyazıtlı, Ercan (2017), “Kar Payı Verimi ve Borsa İstanbul A.Ş. Üzerinde bir Uygulama”, Kırklareli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), ss. 121-133.
  • Habib, Yasir - Kiani, Zernigah, I. - Khan, Muhammad A. (2012), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: Evidence from Pakistan”, Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(5).
  • Haque, Rumana - Jahiruddin, A.T.M. - Mishu, Farhana (2018), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: A Study on Dhaka Stock Exchange”, Australian Academy of Accounting and Finance Review, 4(3), pp. 89-99.
  • Hashemijoo, Mohammad - Ardekani, Aref M. - Younesi, Nejat (2012), “The Impact of Dividend Policy on Share Price Volatility in the Malaysian Stock Market”, Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 4(1), pp. 111-129.
  • Honda, Yuzo (1985), “Testing The Error Components Model With Non-Normal Disturbances”, Review of Economic Studies. 52(4), pp. 681-690.
  • Hooi, Sew E. - Albaity, Mohamed - Ibrahimy, Ahmad I. (2015), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility”, Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 12(1), pp. 226-234.
  • Hussainey, Khaled - Mgbame, Chijoke O. - Chijoke-Mgbame, Aruoriwo M. (2011), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: UK Evidence”, The Journal of Risk Finance, 12(1), pp. 57-68.
  • Im, Kyung - Pesaran, Hashem - Shin Yongcheol (2003), “Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 115, pp. 53–74.
  • Jahfer, Athambawa - Mulafara, Hameed (2016), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: Evidence from Colombo Stock Market”, Int. J. Managerial and Financial Accounting, 8(2), pp. 97-108.
  • Kaderli, Yusuf - Başkaya, Hatice (2014), “Halka Açık Firmalarda Kâr Payı Dağıtım Duyurularının Hisse Senedi Fiyatlarına Etkisinin Ölçülmesi: Borsa İstanbul’da Bir Uygulama”, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü̈ Dergisi, 1(1), pp. 49-64.
  • Kar, Ahmet - Özer, Özlem - Şantaş, Fatih - Budak, Fatih (2012) “Kar Dağıtımının Hisse Senedi̇ Değeriyle İlişkisi: Spor Hizmetleri Sektörü Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), pp. 1-9.
  • Khan, Muhammad Y. - Khan, Wajid - Bassam, Mohammed W.H.A. - Javeed, Anam (2017), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility “Evidence from Karachi Stock Exchange”, Elk Asia Pacific Journal of Finance and Risk Management, 8(1).
  • Lashgari, Zahra - Ahmadi, Mousa (2014), “The Impact of Dividend Policy on Stock Price Volatility in The Tehran Stock Exchange” Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 3(10), pp. 273-283.
  • M’rabet, Rachid - Boujjat, Wiame (2016), “The Relationship Between Dividend Payments And Firm Performance: A Study Of Listed Companies in Morocco”, European Scientific Journal, 12(4), 469-482.
  • Nguyen Duy T. - Bui, Mai H. - Do, Dung H. (2019), “The Relationship of Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: A Case in Vietnam”, Annals of Economic and Finance, 20(1), pp. 123-136.
  • Nguyen, Hieu - Nguyen, Anh H. - Tran, Quang C. - Le, Quynh L. (2020), “Dividend Policy and Share Price Volatility: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam Thanh”, Accounting, 6, pp. 67-78.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests For Cross Section Dependence In Panels”, Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 435.
  • Pesaran, M. Hashem- Ullah, Aman - Yamagata, Takashi (2008), “A Bias Adjusted LM Test Of Error Cross Section Independence”, Econometrics Journal, 11(1), pp. 105–127.
  • Phillips, Petter C.- Perron, Pierre (1988), “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75, pp. 335-346.
  • Ramadan, Zeyad I. (2013), “Dividend Policy and Price Volatility. Empirical Evidence from Jordan”, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(2), pp. 15-22.
  • Ross, Stephan A. - Westerfield, Randolph W. - Jaffe, Jeffrey (2005), Corporate Finance, New York: McGraw Hill.
  • Süsay, Aynur - Tanrıöven, Cihan (2018), “BİST’te Fiyat Oynaklığı Üzerine Kar Payı Dağıtımının Etkisi” İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(1), ss. 103-118.
  • Van Horne, James C., - Wachowicz, John M. (1997), Fundamentals of Financial Management, Prentice Hall.
  • Zor, İsrafil - Yılmaz Küçük, Şeyma (2019) “Kar Payı Dağıtım Duyurularının Hisse Senedi Piyasa Fiyatına Etkisi: BİST 100’de Ampirik Bir Çalışma” Hitit Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü̈ Dergisi, 12(1), ss. 33-48.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tuğba Nur Topaloğlu

Publication Date April 9, 2021
Submission Date October 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 90

Cite

APA Nur Topaloğlu, T. (2021). Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma. The Journal of Accounting and Finance(90), 57-78. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.811062
AMA Nur Topaloğlu T. Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma. The Journal of Accounting and Finance. April 2021;(90):57-78. doi:10.25095/mufad.811062
Chicago Nur Topaloğlu, Tuğba. “Kâr Payı Politikaları Ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma”. The Journal of Accounting and Finance, no. 90 (April 2021): 57-78. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.811062.
EndNote Nur Topaloğlu T (April 1, 2021) Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma. The Journal of Accounting and Finance 90 57–78.
IEEE T. Nur Topaloğlu, “Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma”, The Journal of Accounting and Finance, no. 90, pp. 57–78, April 2021, doi: 10.25095/mufad.811062.
ISNAD Nur Topaloğlu, Tuğba. “Kâr Payı Politikaları Ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma”. The Journal of Accounting and Finance 90 (April 2021), 57-78. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.811062.
JAMA Nur Topaloğlu T. Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma. The Journal of Accounting and Finance. 2021;:57–78.
MLA Nur Topaloğlu, Tuğba. “Kâr Payı Politikaları Ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma”. The Journal of Accounting and Finance, no. 90, 2021, pp. 57-78, doi:10.25095/mufad.811062.
Vancouver Nur Topaloğlu T. Kâr Payı Politikaları ile Pay Senedi Volatilitesi Arasındaki İlişki: BİST 50 Endeksinde Yer Alan Firmalar Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Araştırma. The Journal of Accounting and Finance. 2021(90):57-78.