Research Article

THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES

Volume: 47 Number: 3 December 28, 2025
TR EN

THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES

Abstract

Interest in electronic payment tools and innovation is increasing when the use of cash is decreasing, nowadays. As a result of the innovations and conveniences brought by technology, the upward momentum in debit card and credit card usage rates is economically important. Türkiye has also adapted to technological changes that are accepted worldwide. For this purpose, the relationship between debit card and credit card expenditures and industrial production index, consumer confidence index and subsistence index was examined. In the sample of Türkiye sample, where the 2015-2023 periods were investigated, the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) was preferred using monthly data. The findings showed that there is a positive relationship between the subsistence index and industrial production index and debit card and credit card expenditures in the long term. According to the results of the error correction model, it was determined that the short-term deviations in debit card and credit card expenditures were corrected by 64 percent in the long term.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Monetary-Banking

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 28, 2025

Submission Date

September 16, 2024

Acceptance Date

September 1, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 47 Number: 3

APA
Duğru, M. (2025). THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 47(3), 238-256. https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.1550830
AMA
1.Duğru M. THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2025;47(3):238-256. doi:10.14780/muiibd.1550830
Chicago
Duğru, Meltem. 2025. “THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES”. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 47 (3): 238-56. https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.1550830.
EndNote
Duğru M (December 1, 2025) THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 47 3 238–256.
IEEE
[1]M. Duğru, “THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES”, Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 238–256, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.14780/muiibd.1550830.
ISNAD
Duğru, Meltem. “THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES”. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi 47/3 (December 1, 2025): 238-256. https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.1550830.
JAMA
1.Duğru M. THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2025;47:238–256.
MLA
Duğru, Meltem. “THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES”. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 47, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 238-56, doi:10.14780/muiibd.1550830.
Vancouver
1.Meltem Duğru. THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER SUBSISTENCE INDEX, SUBSISTENCE INDEX, INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INDEX ON DEBIT CARD AND CREDIT CARD EXPENDITURES. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 2025 Dec. 1;47(3):238-56. doi:10.14780/muiibd.1550830

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