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Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 11 - 16, 01.08.2017

Abstract

The increase in the
number of cancer patients and the advances in chemotherapy have increased the
use of port catheters. They reduce vascular complications of chemotherapy in
patients particularly with inappropriate veins and provide comfort for both patients
and users. The aim of this article is to define the most frequently used
surgical approach for port catheter implantation in our hospital, possible
early and late complications and the principles of use and maintenance. Port
catheter implantation to right shoulder via right subclavian vein access, which
is the most frequently used one, was defined with original images. 71
interventions in 61 patients were summarized in the light of literature.
Continuous variables defined as mean ± standard deviation, categorical
variables defined as percentages. Of the patients, 47.54%(n=29) were female,
52.45%(n=32) were male. Mean ages were 55.89±11.69 for female, 62.56±8.69 for
male. 56 interventions out of 71 were implantation, 15 were removal. Subclavian
vein was the most frequently used vein (85.71%(n=48)). Colon adeno carcinoma
was the leading reason for implantation (39.28%(n=22)). 51.78%(n= 29) of the
patients had metastasis. Liver was the most metastatic organ (44.82%(n=13)).
Leading additional disease was hypertension (32.78%(n=20)). The only early
complication was pneumothorax (2.08%(n=1)). Occlusion/thrombosis was the most
common cause of removal (40%(n=6)). The most isolated microorganism on infected
ports was Staphylococcus Aureus (75%(n=3)). Port catheters can be easily
implanted with Seldinger`s technique and simple surgical intervention. They
provide comfort for both patients and users. Due to serious early and late
complications, attention should be given during implantation and use. Periodic
maintenance should not be neglected.

References

  • 1. Niederhuber JE, Ensminger W, Gyves JW, Liepman M, Doan K, Cozzi E. Totally implanted venous and arterial access system to replace external catheter in cancer treatment. Surgery 1982;92(4):706-12.
  • 2. Kock HJ, Pietsch M, Krause U, Wilke H, Eigler FW. Implantable vascular access systems: experience in 1500 patients with totally implanted central venous port systems. World J Surg 1998;22(1):12-6.
  • 3. O'Grady NP, Alexander M, Burns LA, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:e162-93.
  • 4. Trotti A, Colevas AD, Setser A, et al. CTCAE v3.0: development of a comprehensive grading system for the adverse effects of cancer treatment. Semin Radiat Oncol 2003;13(3):176-81.
  • 5. Marcy PY, Figl A, Amoretti N, Ianessi A. Arm port implantation in cancer patients. Int J Clin Oncol 2010;15(3):328-30.
  • 6. Gallieni M, Pittiruti M, Biffi R. Vascular access in oncology patients. 2008;58(6):323-46.
  • 7. Arch P. Port navigation: let the journey begin. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2007;11(4):485-8.
  • 8. Dougherty L. Central venous access devices - care and management. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2006.
  • 9. Akahane A, Sone M, Ehara S, Kato K, Tanaka R, Nakasato T. Subclavian vein versus arm vein for totally implantable central venous port for patients with head and neck cancer: a retrospective comparative analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2011;34(6):1222-9.
  • 10. Keum DY, KimJB, Chae MC. Safety of a totally implantable central venous port system with percutaneous subclavian vein access. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013;46(3):202-7.
  • 11. Gebauer B, El-Sheik M, Vogt M, Wagner HJ. Combined ultrasound and fluoroscopy guided port catheter implantation-high success and low complication rate. Eur J Radiol 2009;69(3):517-22.
  • 12. Shetty PC, Mody MK, Kastan DJ, et al. Outcome of 350 implanted chest ports placed by interventional radiologists. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1997;8(6):991-5.
  • 13. Nelson BE, Mayer AR, Tseng PC, Schwartz PE. Experience with the intravenous totally implanted port in patients with gynecologic malignancies. Gynecol Oncol 1994;53(1):98-102.
  • 14. Plumhans C, Mahnken AH, Ocklenburg C, et al. Jugular versus subclavian totally implantable access ports: catheter position, complications and intrainterventional pain perception. Eur J Radiol. 2011;79(3):338-42.
  • 15. Aksoy A, Mavioğlu L. Our experiences with chemotherapy port catheter. Turkish J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;20(1):69-71.
  • 16. Penel N, Neu JC, Clisant S, Hoppe H, Devos P, Yazdanpanah Y. Risk factors for early catheter-related infections in cancer patients. Cancer 2007;110(7):1586-92.
  • 17. Yesil S, Tanyıldız HG, Ardıçlı B, et al. Santral Venöz Kateter Komplikasyonları. Gazi Medical Journal 2014;25:135-7.
  • 18. Vescia S, Baumgartner AK, Jacobs VR, et al. Management of venous port systems in oncology: a review of current evidence. Ann Oncol 2008;19(1):9-15.
  • 19. Hung MC, Chen CJ, Wu KG, Hung GY, Lin YJ, Tang RB. Subcutaneously implanted central venous access device infection in pediatric patients with cancer. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2009;42(2):166-71.
  • 20. Mermel LA, Allon M, Bouza E, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49(1):1-45.
  • 21. Csomós A, Orbán E, Konczné Réti R, Vass E, Darvas K. Intensive care nurses’ knowledge about the evidence-based guidelines of preventing central venous catheter related infection. Orv Hetil 2008;149(20):929-34.
  • 22. Kaygın M A, Dağ Ö, Güneş M, Şenocak M, Erkut B. Malign hastalarda intravenöz port kullanımı: 5 yıllık klinik deneyim. Selçuk Tıp Dergisi 2012;28(1):17-21.
  • 23. Shimizu T, Mekata E, Murata S, Yamamoto T, Tani T. A case of catheter fracture of a totally implantable access port introduced through the right internal jugular vein. J Surg Oncol. 2011;103(5):460-1.
  • 24. Lin CH, Wu HS, Chan DC, Hsieh CB, Huang MH, Yu JC. The mechanisms of failure of totally implantable central venous access system: analysis of 73 cases with fracture of catheter. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2010;36(1):100-3.
  • 25. Ustuner MA, Ilhan E, Zengel B, Telciler KE, Erturk O, Tanrıverdi HO. Using of venous port catheter in patients with cancer: a 5-year clinical experience. Izmir Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi 2013;17:198-205.

Kanser Hastaları için Tamamen İmplante Edilebilir Venöz Port Kateterler

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 11 - 16, 01.08.2017

Abstract

Son yıllarda, kanser
hastalarındaki artış ve kemoterapi protokollerindeki ilerlemeler, venöz port
kateterlerin kullanımını da arttırmıştır. Özellikle periferik venleri uygun
olmayan hastalarda kemoterapinin vasküler komplikasyonlarını azaltmakta ve hem
hastalar hemde kullanıcılar için konfor sağlamaktadırlar. Bu yazının amacı,
hastanemizde port kateter implantasyonu için sıklıkla kullanılan cerrahi
yaklaşımı, olası erken ve geç komplikasyonları, kullanım ve bakım esaslarını
kullanıcılara tanımlamaktır. Hastanemiz kardiyovasküler cerrahi kliniğinde port
kateter implantasyonu için en sık kullanılan sağ subklavyen ven girişi ile sağ
omuz bölgesine port yerleştirilmesi işlemi özgün resimlerle tanımlanmış,
kliniğimizde port kateterler ile ilgili 61 hastada yapılan 71 girişimin
sonuçları literatür eşliğinde özetlenmiştir. Sürekli değişkenler
ortalama±standart sapma, kategorik değişkenler yüzde olarak belirtilmiştir.
Hastaların %47.54`si (n=29) kadın, %52.45`i (n=32) erkekti. Kadınların yaş
ortalaması 55.89±11.69, erkeklerin ki 62.56±8.69 idi. 71 müdahalenin 56`sı
implantasyon, 15`i çıkarılma işlemiydi. Kolon adenokarsinomu %39.28 (n=22) ile
en sık implantasyon nedeniydi. %51.78 (n=29) hastanın metastazı mevcuttu. En
sık metastaz olan organ %44.82 (n=13) ile karaciğerdi. Hastaların %75.41`i
(n=46) ek hastalıklara sahipti. En sık görülen ek hastalık %32.78 (n=20) ile
hipertansiyondu. Implantasyon için en çok kullanılan %85.71 (n=48) ile
subklavyen vendi. Karşılaşılan tek erken komplikasyon %2.08 (n=1) ile
pnömotoraksdı. Oklüzyon/tromboz %40 (n=6) ile en sık çıkarılma nedeniydi.
Enfekte portlarda en sık izole edilen mikroorganizma %75 (n=3) ile
staphylococcus aureusdu. Port kateterler, Seldinger tekniği ve basit cerrahi
müdahale kombinasyonu ile kolayca implante edilebilirler. Hem hastalar hem de
kullanıcılar için büyük kolaylık sağlarlar. Gelişebilecek olası ciddi erken ve
geç komplikasyonlar nedeniyle implantasyonları ve kullanımları sırasında
maksimum özen gösterilmeli, periyodik bakımları ihmal edilmemelidir.

References

  • 1. Niederhuber JE, Ensminger W, Gyves JW, Liepman M, Doan K, Cozzi E. Totally implanted venous and arterial access system to replace external catheter in cancer treatment. Surgery 1982;92(4):706-12.
  • 2. Kock HJ, Pietsch M, Krause U, Wilke H, Eigler FW. Implantable vascular access systems: experience in 1500 patients with totally implanted central venous port systems. World J Surg 1998;22(1):12-6.
  • 3. O'Grady NP, Alexander M, Burns LA, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:e162-93.
  • 4. Trotti A, Colevas AD, Setser A, et al. CTCAE v3.0: development of a comprehensive grading system for the adverse effects of cancer treatment. Semin Radiat Oncol 2003;13(3):176-81.
  • 5. Marcy PY, Figl A, Amoretti N, Ianessi A. Arm port implantation in cancer patients. Int J Clin Oncol 2010;15(3):328-30.
  • 6. Gallieni M, Pittiruti M, Biffi R. Vascular access in oncology patients. 2008;58(6):323-46.
  • 7. Arch P. Port navigation: let the journey begin. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2007;11(4):485-8.
  • 8. Dougherty L. Central venous access devices - care and management. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2006.
  • 9. Akahane A, Sone M, Ehara S, Kato K, Tanaka R, Nakasato T. Subclavian vein versus arm vein for totally implantable central venous port for patients with head and neck cancer: a retrospective comparative analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2011;34(6):1222-9.
  • 10. Keum DY, KimJB, Chae MC. Safety of a totally implantable central venous port system with percutaneous subclavian vein access. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013;46(3):202-7.
  • 11. Gebauer B, El-Sheik M, Vogt M, Wagner HJ. Combined ultrasound and fluoroscopy guided port catheter implantation-high success and low complication rate. Eur J Radiol 2009;69(3):517-22.
  • 12. Shetty PC, Mody MK, Kastan DJ, et al. Outcome of 350 implanted chest ports placed by interventional radiologists. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1997;8(6):991-5.
  • 13. Nelson BE, Mayer AR, Tseng PC, Schwartz PE. Experience with the intravenous totally implanted port in patients with gynecologic malignancies. Gynecol Oncol 1994;53(1):98-102.
  • 14. Plumhans C, Mahnken AH, Ocklenburg C, et al. Jugular versus subclavian totally implantable access ports: catheter position, complications and intrainterventional pain perception. Eur J Radiol. 2011;79(3):338-42.
  • 15. Aksoy A, Mavioğlu L. Our experiences with chemotherapy port catheter. Turkish J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;20(1):69-71.
  • 16. Penel N, Neu JC, Clisant S, Hoppe H, Devos P, Yazdanpanah Y. Risk factors for early catheter-related infections in cancer patients. Cancer 2007;110(7):1586-92.
  • 17. Yesil S, Tanyıldız HG, Ardıçlı B, et al. Santral Venöz Kateter Komplikasyonları. Gazi Medical Journal 2014;25:135-7.
  • 18. Vescia S, Baumgartner AK, Jacobs VR, et al. Management of venous port systems in oncology: a review of current evidence. Ann Oncol 2008;19(1):9-15.
  • 19. Hung MC, Chen CJ, Wu KG, Hung GY, Lin YJ, Tang RB. Subcutaneously implanted central venous access device infection in pediatric patients with cancer. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2009;42(2):166-71.
  • 20. Mermel LA, Allon M, Bouza E, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 update by the infectious diseases society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49(1):1-45.
  • 21. Csomós A, Orbán E, Konczné Réti R, Vass E, Darvas K. Intensive care nurses’ knowledge about the evidence-based guidelines of preventing central venous catheter related infection. Orv Hetil 2008;149(20):929-34.
  • 22. Kaygın M A, Dağ Ö, Güneş M, Şenocak M, Erkut B. Malign hastalarda intravenöz port kullanımı: 5 yıllık klinik deneyim. Selçuk Tıp Dergisi 2012;28(1):17-21.
  • 23. Shimizu T, Mekata E, Murata S, Yamamoto T, Tani T. A case of catheter fracture of a totally implantable access port introduced through the right internal jugular vein. J Surg Oncol. 2011;103(5):460-1.
  • 24. Lin CH, Wu HS, Chan DC, Hsieh CB, Huang MH, Yu JC. The mechanisms of failure of totally implantable central venous access system: analysis of 73 cases with fracture of catheter. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2010;36(1):100-3.
  • 25. Ustuner MA, Ilhan E, Zengel B, Telciler KE, Erturk O, Tanrıverdi HO. Using of venous port catheter in patients with cancer: a 5-year clinical experience. Izmir Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi 2013;17:198-205.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Emine Depboylu This is me

Burak Can Depboylu This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2017
Submission Date January 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Depboylu, E., & Depboylu, B. C. (2017). Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi, 4(2), 11-16.
AMA Depboylu E, Depboylu BC. Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients. MMJ. August 2017;4(2):11-16.
Chicago Depboylu, Emine, and Burak Can Depboylu. “Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients”. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 4, no. 2 (August 2017): 11-16.
EndNote Depboylu E, Depboylu BC (August 1, 2017) Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 4 2 11–16.
IEEE E. Depboylu and B. C. Depboylu, “Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients”, MMJ, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 11–16, 2017.
ISNAD Depboylu, Emine - Depboylu, Burak Can. “Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients”. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 4/2 (August 2017), 11-16.
JAMA Depboylu E, Depboylu BC. Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients. MMJ. 2017;4:11–16.
MLA Depboylu, Emine and Burak Can Depboylu. “Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients”. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi, vol. 4, no. 2, 2017, pp. 11-16.
Vancouver Depboylu E, Depboylu BC. Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Catheters For Cancer Patients. MMJ. 2017;4(2):11-6.