The Histopathological Features of Colorectal Carcinomas
Year 2018,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1 - 4, 01.08.2018
Yelda Dere
,
Özcan Dere
,
Sümeyye Ekmekçi
,
Serkan Yaşar Çelik
,
Özgür İlhan Çelik
,
Okay Nazlı
Abstract
Colorectal carcinomas
are one of the most common cancers after skin cancers and one of the most
common causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. Various histopathological
features, which may affect long-term prognosis after surgery, have been
researched to explain the different clinical courses of patients at the same
stage in colorectal carcinomas. Putting forth the histopathological profile of
this type of tumors may affect patient-based foresights. We aimed to define the
histopathological features of colorectal carcinomas diagnosed in our center. A
total of 55 patients diagnosed as colorectal carcinoma between January 2013 and
January 2017 is included in this study. Tumors showing special types which are
presented by different clinical course such as mucinous carcinomas, tumors with
neuroendocrine differentiation are excluded in order to make homogenous groups.
The demographic and pathological features were obtained from pathology records.
Statistical analysis was done by SPSS v20.0. When the relation between the
major histopathological features, which are thought to be associated with poor
prognosis such as pathological stage (Pt), involvement of the regional lymph
nodes, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, tumor grade and distant
metastasis, was examined, it was found out that the relation was significantly
associated with prognosis. We think that putting forth the characteristic
histopathological features may help predicting the prognosis of the patients at
the same stage and may enlighten the way of developing new patient-based
treatment modalities.
References
- 1. WHO Globocan database. http://globocan.iarc.fr/Pages/Map.aspx
- 2. Ahnen DJ, Wade SW, Jones WF ve ark. The increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer: a call to action. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89(2):216-24.
- 3. AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) Cancer Staging Manual, 7th edition, Edge, SB, Byrd, DR, Compton, CC, ve ark. (Eds) (Eds), Springer, New York 2010. p.143.
- 4. Jessup JM, Goldberg RM, Asare EA, ve ark. Colon and Rectum. In: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th, Amin MB (Ed), AJCC, Chicago 2017. p.251.
- 5. Blenkinsopp WK, Stewart-Brown S, Blesovsky L ve ark. Histopathology reporting in large bowel cancer. J Clin Pathol. 1981;34(5):509-13.
- 6. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(1):7-30.
- 7. Hamilton SR, Bosman FT, Boffetta P, Ilyas M, Morreau H, Nakamura SI et al. Carcinoma of the colon and rectum in WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system 4th ed, 2010 pp:134-46.
- 8. Karim S, Brennan K, Nanji S ve ark. Association Between Prognosis and Tumor Laterality in Early-Stage Colon Cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(10):1386-92.
- 9. Petrelli F, Tomasello G, Borgonovo K ve ark. Prognostic Survival Associated With Left-Sided vs Right-Sided Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(2):211-219.
- 10. Newland RC, Dent OF, Lyttle MN ve ark. Pathologic determinants of survival associated with colorectal cancer with lymph node metastases. A multivariate analysis of 579 patients. Cancer. 1994;73(8):2076-82.
- 11. Scott NA, Wieand HS, Moertel CG ve ark. Colorectal cancer. Dukes' stage, tumor site, preoperative plasma CEA level, and patient prognosis related to tumor DNA ploidy pattern. Arch Surg. 1987;122(12):1375-9.
- 12. Goldstein NS, Hart J. Histologic features associated with lymph node metastasis in stage T1 and superficial T2 rectal adenocarcinomas in abdominoperineal resection specimens. Identifying a subset of patients for whom treatment with adjuvant therapy or completion abdominoperineal resection should be considered after local excision. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;111(1):51-8.
- 13. Quah HM, Chou JF, Gonen M ve ark. Identification of patients with high-risk stage II colon cancer for adjuvant therapy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51(5):503-7.
- 14. Compton CC, Fielding LP, Burgart LJ ve ark. Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000;124(7):979-94.
- 15. Hase K, Shatney C, Johnson D ve ark. Prognostic value of tumor "budding" in patients with colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 1993;36(7):627-35.
- 16. Nagtegaal ID, Quirke P. What is the role for the circumferential margin in the modern treatment of rectal cancer? J Clin Oncol 2008;26(2):303-12.
Kolorektal Karsinomlardaki Histopatolojik Özellikler
Year 2018,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1 - 4, 01.08.2018
Yelda Dere
,
Özcan Dere
,
Sümeyye Ekmekçi
,
Serkan Yaşar Çelik
,
Özgür İlhan Çelik
,
Okay Nazlı
Abstract
Kolorektal karsinomlar dünyada deri, akciğer ve
meme kanserlerinden sonra en sık görülen ve kansere bağlı ölüm nedenleri
arasında üçüncü sırada yer alan kanserlerdendir. Kolorektal karsinomlarda
cerrahi tedavi sonrası uzun dönem prognozu etkileyebilecek ve benzer evredeki
hastaların farklı klinik gidişlerini açıklayabilecek birçok farklı
histopatolojik özellik araştırılmaktadır.
Bu tip tümörlerle ilgili histopatolojik profilin net olarak ortaya
konması hasta bazlı prognostik öngörüler sağlayabilmesi açısından önem
taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle bölümümüzde tanı almış kolorektal karsinomların
histopatolojik özelliklerini ortaya koymayı amaçladık. 2013-2017 yılları
arasında kolorektal adenokarsinom tanısı almış 55 olgu patoloji sisteminden
taranarak çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bu
kanserler arasında müsinöz karsinom, nöroendokrin diferansiyasyonlu tümörler
gibi özel tip içeren tümörler homojen bir grup oluşturma açısından çalışma dışı
bırakılmıştır. Olguların demografik ve patolojik özellikleri patoloji
bilgisayar sisteminden elde edilmiştir. Histopatolojik özelliklerin genel
sağkalım ile ilişkileri SPSS v20.0 analiz programı ile incelenmiştir. Tümör
invazyonunun derinliği, bölgesel lenf nodlarının durumu, venöz ve lenfatik
invazyon, tümör derecesi, perinöral invazyon durumu gibi kötü prognoz ile
ilişkili olabileceği düşünülen ana histopatolojik özelliklerin sağkalım ile
ilişkisine bakıldığında perinöral invazyon, lenf nodu metastazı ve uzak
metastazın prognozu etkilediği saptanmıştır.
Kolorektal karsinomlarda önemli histopatolojik özelliklerin ortaya
konmasının benzer evredeki hastaların prognozlarını öngörmede yardımcı olacağı
ve hasta bazlı yeni tedaviler geliştirilmesinde önemli rollere sahip
olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
References
- 1. WHO Globocan database. http://globocan.iarc.fr/Pages/Map.aspx
- 2. Ahnen DJ, Wade SW, Jones WF ve ark. The increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer: a call to action. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014;89(2):216-24.
- 3. AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) Cancer Staging Manual, 7th edition, Edge, SB, Byrd, DR, Compton, CC, ve ark. (Eds) (Eds), Springer, New York 2010. p.143.
- 4. Jessup JM, Goldberg RM, Asare EA, ve ark. Colon and Rectum. In: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th, Amin MB (Ed), AJCC, Chicago 2017. p.251.
- 5. Blenkinsopp WK, Stewart-Brown S, Blesovsky L ve ark. Histopathology reporting in large bowel cancer. J Clin Pathol. 1981;34(5):509-13.
- 6. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(1):7-30.
- 7. Hamilton SR, Bosman FT, Boffetta P, Ilyas M, Morreau H, Nakamura SI et al. Carcinoma of the colon and rectum in WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system 4th ed, 2010 pp:134-46.
- 8. Karim S, Brennan K, Nanji S ve ark. Association Between Prognosis and Tumor Laterality in Early-Stage Colon Cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(10):1386-92.
- 9. Petrelli F, Tomasello G, Borgonovo K ve ark. Prognostic Survival Associated With Left-Sided vs Right-Sided Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(2):211-219.
- 10. Newland RC, Dent OF, Lyttle MN ve ark. Pathologic determinants of survival associated with colorectal cancer with lymph node metastases. A multivariate analysis of 579 patients. Cancer. 1994;73(8):2076-82.
- 11. Scott NA, Wieand HS, Moertel CG ve ark. Colorectal cancer. Dukes' stage, tumor site, preoperative plasma CEA level, and patient prognosis related to tumor DNA ploidy pattern. Arch Surg. 1987;122(12):1375-9.
- 12. Goldstein NS, Hart J. Histologic features associated with lymph node metastasis in stage T1 and superficial T2 rectal adenocarcinomas in abdominoperineal resection specimens. Identifying a subset of patients for whom treatment with adjuvant therapy or completion abdominoperineal resection should be considered after local excision. Am J Clin Pathol. 1999;111(1):51-8.
- 13. Quah HM, Chou JF, Gonen M ve ark. Identification of patients with high-risk stage II colon cancer for adjuvant therapy. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51(5):503-7.
- 14. Compton CC, Fielding LP, Burgart LJ ve ark. Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2000;124(7):979-94.
- 15. Hase K, Shatney C, Johnson D ve ark. Prognostic value of tumor "budding" in patients with colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 1993;36(7):627-35.
- 16. Nagtegaal ID, Quirke P. What is the role for the circumferential margin in the modern treatment of rectal cancer? J Clin Oncol 2008;26(2):303-12.