Evaluation of Calendula Samples Collected from Nature and Obtained from Herbalists According to European Pharmacopoeia 8.0

Year 2024, , 90 - 96, 30.01.2024

Çiğdem Çolak Buket Bozkurt

https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1381496

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare different herbalist samples that were marketed under the name "aynısefa" with Calendulae arvensis flos and Calendulae arvensis herba herbs collected from Bornova, İzmir (Ege University Campus) in terms of tests specified in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0.
Methods: The acquired samples were subjected to tests referenced in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0 Calendulae flos monograph. These tests included determination of loss on drying and total ash quantities during drying, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometric quantification of flavonoid content expressed as hyperoside in the prepared extracts from the samples. In addition, the amounts of acid-insoluble ash in the samples were also determined.
Results: While the findings obtained for the loss on drying test in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.0 were appropriate for all samples, only one sample obtained from the market was below the maximum limit specified for total ash. Rutin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid compounds were identified in the samples by TLC experiment. Spectrophotometric quantification experiments were carried out on hyperoside, and the highest flavonoid content was detected in the Calendulae arvensis flos collected from the Ege University Campus.
Conclusion: It had been demonstrated that the samples obtained from the market differ in terms of both quality control and content, and that the content of the drugs to be used as phytotherapeutics must be standardized, especially with regard to posology. The importance of performing the relevant tests has been revealed. Additionally, it is noteworthy that Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L. flowers, which are a biological richness of our country and naturally spread widely, have the highest flavonoid content.

Keywords

Marigold, Calendula, Phytotherapy.

Project Number

17-ECZ-008 (Ege Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (BAP) tarafından desteklenen yüksek lisans tez projesi)

Doğadan Toplanan ve Aktarlardan Temin Edilen Calendula Örneklerinin Avrupa Farmakopesi 8.0’a göre Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada “aynısefa” ismiyle piyasada satışa sunulmuş olan dört değişik aktar örneği ile Bornova, İzmir’den toplanan (Ege Üniversitesi Yerleşkesi) Calendulae arvensis flos ve Calendulae arvensis herba droglarını Avrupa Farmakopesi 8.0’da yer alan testler açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırmak hedeflenmiştir.
Yöntem: Temin edilen örnekler üzerinde Avrupa Farmakopesi 8.0’da yer alan Calendulae flos monografında yer alan testler referans alınarak; kurutmada kayıp ve total kül miktarları, örneklerden hazırlanan ekstrelerde ince tabaka kromatografisi (İTK) ve hiperozit üzerinden spektrofotometrik olarak flavonoit miktar tayini gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ek olarak örneklerin hidroklorik asitte çözünmeyen kül miktarları da belirlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Avrupa Farmakopesi 8.0’da yer alan kurutmada kayıp testi için elde edilen bulgular bütün örnekler için uygunken, piyasadan temin edilen sadece bir örnek total kül miktarı için belirtilen maksimum sınırın altında kalmıştır. İTK denemesiyle rutin, klorojenik asit ve kafeik asit bileşikleri örneklerde teşhis edilmiştir. Spektrofotometrik olarak hiperozit üzerinden miktar tayini denemeleri gerçekleştirilmiş, en yüksek flavanoit içeriği Ege Üniversitesi Kampüsü’nden toplanan Calendulae arvensis flos droğunda tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Piyasadan temin edilen örneklerin gerek kalite kontrol, gerek içerik açısından farklılıklar gösterdiği, fitoterapötik olarak kullanılacak drogların bilhassa pozoloji açısından içeriğinin standardize edilmiş olması gerektiği için ilgili testlerin yapılmasının önemi ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca ülkemizin biyolojik bir zenginliği olan ve doğal olarak geniş yayılış gösteren Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L. çiçeklerinin en yüksek flavonoit içeriğine sahip olması da önemli bir göstergedir.

Keywords

Aynısefa, Calendula, fitoterapi

Project Number

17-ECZ-008 (Ege Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (BAP) tarafından desteklenen yüksek lisans tez projesi)

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