Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. (Bryophyta) ekstresinin Asetilkolinesteraz enzim aktivitesine etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Alzheimer hastalığı yaklaşık 50 milyon insanı etkileyen ve en sık görülen nörolojik bozukluktur. Kolinerjik hipoteze göre sinir iletiminden sorumlu asetilkolin konsantrasyonunun azalması hastalıkla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Asetilkolini metabolize eden asetilkolinesteraz enziminin inhibisyonunun hastalık seyrinde düzelmeye yol açtığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, ilk kez karakterizasyonunu yapılan kara yosunu türü Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. ekstresinin asetilkolinesteraz enzim inhibisyon etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. ekstresi süperkritik akışkan (CO2) ekstraksiyon yöntemiyle 180 bar basınç, 50 °C sıcaklıkta ve kosolvent olarak %5 (v/v) etanol kullanılarak Superex F-500 (Türkiye) cihazında elde edilmiş olup GK/KS analizi Schimadzu GCMS-QP 2020 sisteminde wax kolon kullanılarak yapılmıştır (RESTEK Rtx-Wax kolon, 30m x 0,25mm x 0,25 µm film kalınlığı). Ekstrenin düşük, orta ve yüksek dozlarının asetilkolinesteraz enzim inhibisyon etkisini belirlemek için Ellman ve ark. (1961) tarafından oluşturulan spektrofotometrik yöntem küçük modifikasyonlarla değiştirilerek uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. ekstraktının düşük düzeyde anti-Alzheimer aktivite gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Elde edilen veriler ışığında Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp.’in düşük düzeyde anti-Alzheimer etki gösterdiği saptanmış olup söz konusu etkinin tam olarak anlaşılması ve ticari ürün haline dönüştürülebilmesi için daha ileri araştırmalarla etken madde tespiti ve izolasyonunun yapılması gerekmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyonu, Alzheimer, Asetilkolinesteraz

Keywords

• Süperkritik akışkan ekstraksiyon
• Alzheimer hastalığı
• Asetilkolinesteraz

Effect of Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. (Bryophyta) extract on Acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity

Abstract

Objective: Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurological disorder, affecting approximately 50 million people. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, the decrease in the concentration of acetylcholine, which is responsible for nerve conduction, is associated with the disease. It is known that inhibition of the acetylcholineesterase enzyme, which metabolizes acetylcholine, leads to improvement in the course of the disease. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition effect of the extract of Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp., a moss species characterised for the first time. Methods: Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. extract was obtained by supercritical fluid (CO2) extraction method at 180 bar pressure, 50 °C temperature and using 5% (v/v) ethanol as cosolvent on the Superex F-500 (Turkey) device. GK/KS analysis was performed using a wax column on the Schimadzu GCMS-QP 2020 system (RESTEK Rtx-Wax column, 30m x 0.25mm x 0.25 µm film thickness). To determine the acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition effect of low, medium and high doses of the extract, the spectrophotometric method created by Ellman et al. (1961) was applied with minor modifications. Results: It has been determined that Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. extract shows low level anti-Alzheimer activity. Conclusion: In the light of the data obtained, it was determined that Homalothecium philippeanum (Spruce) Schimp. showed a low level of anti-Alzheimer effect, and in order to fully understand the effect in question and to transform turn it into a commercial product, further research is required to identify and isolate the active ingredient.

Keywords

• Supercritical fluid extraction
• Alzheimer
• Acetylcholinesterase

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