Research Article

Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye

Volume: 15 Number: 3 September 30, 2025
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Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye

Abstract

Introduction: Mammography is essential for early breast cancer detection, but radiation exposure must be managed effectively to ensure patient safety. Accurate average glandular dose (AGD) calculation is critical for dose optimization. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the typical dose levels in mammography examinations in Türkiye using the DANCE and 2ABD methods and compare these values with international reference standards. Methods: This study evaluates typical dose levels in mammography examinations in Türkiye using the DANCE and 2ABD methods and compares them with international reference values. A total of 287 patients (40–64 years) underwent mammography at a community health center. Average glandular dose values were calculated for craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral-oblique (MLO) projections using DANCE and 2ABD methods. Results: The results indicated that all calculated AGD values remained below the European Commission's maximum acceptable dose (2,5 mGy) and desirable dose (2,0 mGy) levels. MLO projections demonstrated higher AGD values than CC projections, and AGD increased with breast compression thickness. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the examined facility does not require dose optimization, and dose levels remain within international standards. These results contribute to further research on establishing national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). This study found that the AGD during mammography in women aged 40–64 remained below the 2,5 mGy limit set by European standards, with higher doses observed in MLO projections due to tissue thickness and imaging angle. The findings support the consistency of the 2ABD and DANCE methods and highlight the potential for broader research to establish national diagnostic reference levels in Türkiye.

Keywords

References

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  5. 5. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2020). Establishing Diagnostic Reference Levels for Medical Imaging: Dosimetry Techniques. IAEA Human Health Series No. 36.
  6. 6. International Commission on Radiological Protection. The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP Publication 103. Annals of the ICRP, 37(2–4), 2007.
  7. 7. Murphy, A. Understanding mammography projections: CC and MLO views. Journal of Medical Imaging, 45(3), 210–225, 2023.
  8. 8. Şanlı, R., & Gündoğdu, Ö. (2018). Dijital Mamografi Cihazı Kalite Kontrol Ölçümleri ve Görüntü Kalitesinin Değerlendirilmesi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3), 88-94.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Preventative Health Care, Primary Health Care, Digital Health, Patient Safety, Health Informatics and Information Systems, Health Physics, Health Management

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

September 27, 2025

Publication Date

September 30, 2025

Submission Date

April 17, 2025

Acceptance Date

August 20, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 15 Number: 3

APA
Sebik, N. B., & Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan, G. (2025). Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye. Lokman Hekim Dergisi, 15(3), 1021-1029. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1677416
AMA
1.Sebik NB, Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan G. Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2025;15(3):1021-1029. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1677416
Chicago
Sebik, Nihat Barış, and Gamze Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan. 2025. “Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 15 (3): 1021-29. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1677416.
EndNote
Sebik NB, Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan G (September 1, 2025) Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 15 3 1021–1029.
IEEE
[1]N. B. Sebik and G. Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan, “Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye”, Lokman Hekim Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1021–1029, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.31020/mutftd.1677416.
ISNAD
Sebik, Nihat Barış - Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan, Gamze. “Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 15/3 (September 1, 2025): 1021-1029. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1677416.
JAMA
1.Sebik NB, Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan G. Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2025;15:1021–1029.
MLA
Sebik, Nihat Barış, and Gamze Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan. “Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 1021-9, doi:10.31020/mutftd.1677416.
Vancouver
1.Nihat Barış Sebik, Gamze Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan. Determination of Typical Dose Levels in Mammography Examinations: A Case Study from Türkiye. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2025 Sep. 1;15(3):1021-9. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1677416

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                                                                  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

  

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