Research Article

From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization

Volume: 16 Number: 1 January 23, 2026
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From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to examine the historical and ethical aspects of anatomy and animal experimentation in Western culture, focusing on the interplay between ethical principles and scientific inquiry. Method: The study employed a descriptive historical analysis technique. From February to May 2025, a survey of scholarly literature on anatomy and ethics, spanning from antiquity to the present, was conducted to elucidate the historical connection between anatomical knowledge and ethical frameworks. Findings: Anatomical research developed via morally controversial procedures, including human dissection and animal experimentation. Pioneering individuals like as Herophilos and Galen established early methodological principles, with Galen's perspectives on animal consciousness and suffering shaping Western medical philosophy for centuries. Religious ideologies and societal factors subsequently constrained anatomical research. In the 19th century, animal rights movements and discussions around dissection inspired legal reforms. In the 20th century, the 3R concept (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) and institutional ethics committees established institutionalized ethical monitoring. Currently, innovations like organ-on-a-chip illustrate the convergence of scientific advancement with ethical awareness. Conclusion: The historical development of anatomical research demonstrates that ethical responsibility is crucial for the validity and durability of scientific knowledge. As scientific processes advance, their ethical frameworks must also adapt.

Keywords

References

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  6. 6. Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 12. baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık; 2021.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Health Promotion, Medical Education

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

January 23, 2026

Submission Date

August 25, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 5, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 16 Number: 1

APA
Küçük, B., Kırımlıoğlu, N., & Özden, H. (2026). From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization. Lokman Hekim Dergisi, 16(1), 268-281. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1771942
AMA
1.Küçük B, Kırımlıoğlu N, Özden H. From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2026;16(1):268-281. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1771942
Chicago
Küçük, Burak, Nurdan Kırımlıoğlu, and Hilmi Özden. 2026. “From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 16 (1): 268-81. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1771942.
EndNote
Küçük B, Kırımlıoğlu N, Özden H (January 1, 2026) From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 16 1 268–281.
IEEE
[1]B. Küçük, N. Kırımlıoğlu, and H. Özden, “From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization”, Lokman Hekim Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 268–281, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.31020/mutftd.1771942.
ISNAD
Küçük, Burak - Kırımlıoğlu, Nurdan - Özden, Hilmi. “From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 16/1 (January 1, 2026): 268-281. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1771942.
JAMA
1.Küçük B, Kırımlıoğlu N, Özden H. From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2026;16:268–281.
MLA
Küçük, Burak, et al. “From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 1, Jan. 2026, pp. 268-81, doi:10.31020/mutftd.1771942.
Vancouver
1.Burak Küçük, Nurdan Kırımlıoğlu, Hilmi Özden. From Dissection to Bioethics: The Ethical Adventure of Anatomical Knowledge in Western Civilization. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2026 Jan. 1;16(1):268-81. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1771942

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                                                                  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

  

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