Research Article

The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding

Volume: 16 Number: 3 September 28, 2026
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The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to address the effects of obstetric violence on postpartum depression and maternal-infant bonding. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted between August 2024 and April 2025 among postpartum women attending Family Health Centers in Ağrı Türkiye. Data collection was conducted through the “Maternal Information Form,” the “Obstetric Violence Scale,” the “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,” and the “Maternal Attachment Scale.” Statistical analyses were performed by employing SPSS v. 27.0, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The participants’ mean total score was 31.99±13.82, 13.32±7.39 for the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and 69.05±14.99 for the Maternal Information Form. A low-level negative correlation was found between total scores on the Obstetric Violence Scale and the Maternal Information Form and between Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores and the “Ineffective Communication,” Medicalization of Childbirth,” and “Violation of Privacy” subdimensions of the Obstetric Violence Scale. Conclusion: The findings achieved in this study indicate that obstetric violence adversely affects maternal-infant bonding and is significantly associated with postpartum depression. In this regard, the promotion of respectful and non-violent maternity care practices that protect women’s physical and psychological integrity during childbirth is very important for supporting maternal mental health and fostering healthy maternal-infant relationships.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This research did not receive any specific financial support from governmental, commercial, or nonprofit organizations.

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the X Provincial Directorate of Health (Approval No: 255, Date: 27.06.2024). Strict confidentiality measures were implemented to ensure that all collected data remained secure and were used solely for research purposes. Participants were also informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any stage with prior notice. After the completion of the research, all participants were invited to attend an educational workshop aimed at raising awareness about OVS and providing relevant information on the topic.

Thanks

We would like to thank the mothers who participated in our study.

References

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  3. 3. Sadler M et al. Moving beyond disrespectand abuse: Addressingthestructuraldimensions of obstetric violence. Reprod Health Matters. 2016;24(47):47–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhm.2016.04.002
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  5. 5.World Health Organization. The prevention and elimination of disrespectand abuse during facility-based child birth. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014. Availablefrom: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-RHR-14.23
  6. 6. Schroll AM, Kjærgaard H, Midtgaard J. Encountering abuse in health care: Life time experiences in postnatal women – a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2013; 13:74. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-74
  7. 7. Chadwick R, Cooper D, Harries J. Narratives of distress a bout birth in South African public maternity settings: A qualitative study. Midwifery. 2014;30(7):862–868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.12.014
  8. 8. Atilla R, Mucuk S. Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde çalışan sağlık personelinin postpartum depresyonu tarama ve tedavi yaklaşımları. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;27(3):186–191. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/617515

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Psychosocial Aspects of Childbirth and Perinatal Mental Health, Clinical Midwifery

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

September 28, 2026

Submission Date

March 23, 2026

Acceptance Date

August 26, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 16 Number: 3

APA
Özçalkap, N., & Çuvadar, A. (2026). The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding. Lokman Hekim Dergisi, 16(3), 901-912. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1913195
AMA
1.Özçalkap N, Çuvadar A. The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2026;16(3):901-912. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1913195
Chicago
Özçalkap, Nurten, and Ayşe Çuvadar. 2026. “The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 16 (3): 901-12. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1913195.
EndNote
Özçalkap N, Çuvadar A (September 1, 2026) The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 16 3 901–912.
IEEE
[1]N. Özçalkap and A. Çuvadar, “The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding”, Lokman Hekim Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 901–912, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.31020/mutftd.1913195.
ISNAD
Özçalkap, Nurten - Çuvadar, Ayşe. “The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi 16/3 (September 1, 2026): 901-912. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1913195.
JAMA
1.Özçalkap N, Çuvadar A. The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2026;16:901–912.
MLA
Özçalkap, Nurten, and Ayşe Çuvadar. “The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding”. Lokman Hekim Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 901-12, doi:10.31020/mutftd.1913195.
Vancouver
1.Nurten Özçalkap, Ayşe Çuvadar. The Effects of Obstetric Violence on Postpartum Depression and Maternal-Infant Bonding. Lokman Hekim Dergisi. 2026 Sep. 1;16(3):901-12. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1913195

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                                                                  This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

  

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