EBŪ BEKR MUḤAMMED B. ZEKERİYYĀ ER-RĀZĪ’NİN KİTĀBU’L-MANṢŪRĪ ADLI ÜNLÜ ESERİNDE GEBELERİN VE ÇOCUKLARIN TEDBİRİ ÜZERİNE

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Ebū Bekr Muḥammed b. Zekeriyyā er-Rāzī’nin Kitābu’l-Manṣūrī adlı eserinin “sağlığın korunması” üzerine olan dördüncü makalesinde yer alan gebelerin, lohusaların, sütannelerin ve çocukların tedbirleriyle ilgili bölümlerinin incelenmesi ve sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Kitābu’l Manṣūrī’nin Arapça ve Latince nüshalarının digital kopyaları incelenmiştir. Kitābu’l Manṣūrī’nin dördüncü makalesinin 26. bölümü “Gebe kadının tedbiri ve ceninin korunması hakkında”, 27. bölümü “Doğumun kolaylaştırılması ve lohusanın tedbiri hakkında”, 28. bölümü “Çocuğun tedbiri hakkında”, 29. bölümü “Sütannenin seçimi ve onun tedbiri hakkında” başlıklarını taşımaktadır. “Diğer yaşların tedbirinin özeti” başlıklı 30. bölümde ise “Çocuklar, ergenler- gençler, orta yaşlılar ve yaşlılar” ilgili bilgiler bulunmakta olup, bu bölümde yer alan orta yaşlılar ve yaşlılar ile ilgili kısım inceleme dışında bırakılmıştır. Rāzī’nin gebelerin, lohusaların, sütannelerin ve çocukların tedbiri konusunda Kitābu’l Manṣūrī’de yazdıklarının, öncülleri olan Bergamalı Galenus, Efesli Soranus, Bergamalı Oribasius ve Aeginalı Paulus’un eserlerinde yazdıkları ile karşılaştırıldığında oldukça benzer olduğu, fakat konuların daha kısa şekilde ele alındığı görülmektedir. Öte yandan Rāzī’nin, öncüllerinin eserlerinde görülenden farklı olarak, çocuk hastalıkları konusunu Risāle fī Ṭıbbi’l-Eṭfāl adlı yapıtında ele alması nedeniyle, Kitābu’l-Manṣūrī’nin “sağlığın korunması” üzerine olan dördüncü makalesinin dışında bıraktığı anlaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

• Razi, Kitabu’l-Mansuri, gebelik, lohusalık, sütannelik, çocukluk, hıfzıssıhha

On Regimens of the Pregnant and the Children in Kitāb Al-Manṣūrī, the Famous Work by Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Zakariyyā Al-Rāzī.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine and to present the chapters on regimens of the pregnant, and of the puerpera and of the wet nurse and of the children in the 4th article “On preserving the health” of Kitāb al-Manṣūrī by Abū Bakr Muḥammad Zakariyyā al-Rāzī. For this purpose, Arabic and Latin digital copies of Kitāb al-Manṣūrī were examined in this study. The 26th chapter of the 4th article of Kitāb alManṣūrī is “On regimen of the pregnant and protection of the fetus” and the 27th chapter is “On facilitation of the birth and regimen of the puerpera” and the 28th chapter is “On regimen of the infant” and the 29th chapter is “On choosing the wet-nurse and her regimens.” The 30th chapter “Summary of regimens of other ages” comprises the knowledge on the boy, and on the adolescent, and on the juvenile. And the information on the regimens of the middle aged and the old in the chapter was excluded in this study. When compared to writings of his predecessors such as Galen of Pergamum, Soranus of Ephesus, Oribasius of Pergamum and Paulus of Aegina, Rhazes’ writings on regimens of the pregnant, of the peurpera, and of the wetnurse and of the children in Kitāb al- Manṣūrī are rather similar, but brief. On the other hand, it seems that Rhazes excluded diseases of the children, because of he discussed in his Risāla fī Ṭibb al-Aṭfāl, in the 4th article, “On preserving the health”, of Kitāb al Manṣūrī.

Keywords

• Rhazes, Kitab al-Mansuri, pregnancy, childbirth, wet-nursing, childhood, preserving the health

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