Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activities of Vincetoxicum canescens subsp. canescens and Vincetoxicum cancescens subsp. pedunculata Seeds

Abstract

Medicinal properties of Vincetoxicum genus have been known for a long time. Leaves, dry seeds, and rhizomes of some Vincetoxicum species have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of injuries, scabies, neurosis, scrofula, malaria, wound, fever, rupture, and external cancers. The present study focused on evaluating anti(myco)bacterial, antifungal, and antiproliferative activities of seeds of V. canescens subsp. canescens and V. cancescens subsp. pedunculata (endemic). Ethanol and hexane extracts of seeds of two plants were tested against three fungal strains (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata), two Gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), three Gram-negative bacterial strains (Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using broth microdilution method. Fluconazole, Ethambutol, Ampicillin, and Isoniazid were used as reference drugs. Antiproliferative effects of various concentrations (200, 100, 50, and 25 μg/mL) of ethanol and hexane extracts were tested against A549 human lung cancer cell lines using MTT test. The ethanol extracts were found to be more effective against A. baumannii (62.5 µg/mL MIC value) than Ampicillin (125 µg/mL MIC value). Against A549 human lung cancer cell lines, 100 µg/mL concentration of ethanol extract of V. canescens subsp. canescens seeds and 200 µg/mL concentration of ethanol extract of V. cancescens subsp. pedunculata seeds were exhibited statistically lower cell viability levels than control groups (P <0.05). As a result, V. canescens subsp. canescens and V. cancescens subsp. pedunculata seeds showed antimicrobial and antiproliferative effects against all tested microorganisms and A549 human lung cancer cell lines; moreover, ethanol extracts were found to be more effective than hexane extracts.

Keywords

• Vincetoxicum,Seed,Antimicrobial,Cell viability

Vincetoxicum canescens subsp. canescens ve Vincetoxicum cancescens subsp. pedunculata Tohumlarının Antimikrobiyal ve Antiproliferatif Aktiviteleri

Abstract

Vincetoxicum cinsinin tıbbi özellikleri uzun zamandır bilinmektedir. Bazı Vincetoxicum türlerinin yaprakları, kuru tohumları ve rizomları geleneksel tıpta incinme, uyuz, nevroz, skrofula, sıtma, yara, ateş, rüptür ve eksternal kanserlerin tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, V. canescens subsp. canescens ve V. cancescens subsp. pedunculata (endemik) tohumlarının anti(miko)bakteriyel, antifungal ve antiproliferatif aktivitelerini değerlendirmeye odaklanmıştır. İki bitkinin tohumlarının etanol ve hekzan ekstreleri üç fungal suşa (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis ve Candida glabrata), iki Gram-pozitif bakteri suşuna (Bacillus subtilis ve Staphylococcus aureus), üç Gram-negatif bakteri suşuna (Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli ve Acinetobacter baumannii) ve Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv suşuna karşı Sıvı Mikrodilüsyon Yöntemi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Referans ilaçlar olarak Flukonazol, Etambutol, Ampisilin ve İzoniazid kullanılmıştır. Etanol ve hekzan ekstrelerinin farklı konsantrasyonlarının (200, 100, 50 ve 25 μg/mL) antiproliferatif etkileri MTT testi kullanılarak A549 insan akciğer kanseri hücre dizilerine karşı test edilmiştir. Etanol ekstrelerinin A. baumannii'ye (62.5 μg/mL MİK değeri) karşı Ampisilin'den (125 μg/mL MİK değeri) daha etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. A549 insan akciğer kanseri hücre dizilerine karşı V. canescens subsp. canescens tohumlarının etanol ekstresinin 100 µg/mL konsantrasyonu ve V. cancescens subsp. pedunculata tohumlarının etanol ekstresinin 200 μg/mL konsantrasyonu, kontrol gruplarına göre istatistiksel olarak daha düşük hücre canlılık seviyeleri sergilemiştir (P <0.05). Sonuç olarak, V. canescens subsp. canescens ve V. cancescens subsp. pedunculata tohumları, test edilen tüm mikroorganizmalara karşı antimikrobiyal ve A549 insan akciğer kanseri hücre dizilerine karşı antiproliferatif etki göstermiştir; ayrıca, etanol ekstreleri hekzan ekstrelerinden daha etkili bulunmuştur.

Keywords

• Vincetoxicum,Tohum,Antimikrobiyal

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