EBŪ BEKR MUḤAMMED B. ZEKERİYYĀ ER-RĀZĪ’NİN KİTĀBU’L-MANṢŪRĪ ADLI ÜNLÜ ESERİNDE GEBELERİN VE ÇOCUKLARIN TEDBİRİ ÜZERİNE

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, - , 01.08.2017

Ahmet Acıduman , Çağatay Aşkit

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Ebū Bekr Muḥammed b. Zekeriyyā er-Rāzī’nin
Kitābu’l-Manṣūrī adlı eserinin “sağlığın korunması” üzerine
olan dördüncü makalesinde yer alan gebelerin, lohusaların,
sütannelerin ve çocukların tedbirleriyle ilgili bölümlerinin
incelenmesi ve sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Kitābu’l
Manṣūrī’nin Arapça ve Latince nüshalarının digital kopyaları
incelenmiştir. Kitābu’l Manṣūrī’nin dördüncü makalesinin
26. bölümü “Gebe kadının tedbiri ve ceninin korunması
hakkında”, 27. bölümü “Doğumun kolaylaştırılması ve
lohusanın tedbiri hakkında”, 28. bölümü “Çocuğun tedbiri
hakkında”, 29. bölümü “Sütannenin seçimi ve onun tedbiri
hakkında” başlıklarını taşımaktadır. “Diğer yaşların
tedbirinin özeti” başlıklı 30. bölümde ise “Çocuklar,
ergenler- gençler, orta yaşlılar ve yaşlılar” ilgili bilgiler
bulunmakta olup, bu bölümde yer alan orta yaşlılar ve
yaşlılar ile ilgili kısım inceleme dışında bırakılmıştır. Rāzī’nin
gebelerin, lohusaların, sütannelerin ve çocukların tedbiri
konusunda Kitābu’l Manṣūrī’de yazdıklarının, öncülleri olan
Bergamalı Galenus, Efesli Soranus, Bergamalı Oribasius ve
Aeginalı Paulus’un eserlerinde yazdıkları ile
karşılaştırıldığında oldukça benzer olduğu, fakat konuların
daha kısa şekilde ele alındığı görülmektedir. Öte yandan
Rāzī’nin, öncüllerinin eserlerinde görülenden farklı olarak,
çocuk hastalıkları konusunu Risāle fī Ṭıbbi’l-Eṭfāl adlı
yapıtında ele alması nedeniyle, Kitābu’l-Manṣūrī’nin
“sağlığın korunması” üzerine olan dördüncü makalesinin
dışında bıraktığı anlaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

Razi, Kitabu’l-Mansuri, gebelik, lohusalık, sütannelik, çocukluk, hıfzıssıhha

On Regimens of the Pregnant and the Children in Kitāb Al-Manṣūrī, the Famous Work by Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Zakariyyā Al-Rāzī.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine and to present the
chapters on regimens of the pregnant, and of the puerpera
and of the wet nurse and of the children in the 4th article
“On preserving the health” of Kitāb al-Manṣūrī by Abū Bakr
Muḥammad Zakariyyā al-Rāzī. For this purpose, Arabic and
Latin digital copies of Kitāb al-Manṣūrī were examined in
this study. The 26th chapter of the 4th article of Kitāb alManṣūrī
is “On regimen of the pregnant and protection of
the fetus” and the 27th chapter is “On facilitation of the
birth and regimen of the puerpera” and the 28th chapter is
“On regimen of the infant” and the 29th chapter is “On
choosing the wet-nurse and her regimens.” The 30th
chapter “Summary of regimens of other ages” comprises
the knowledge on the boy, and on the adolescent, and on
the juvenile. And the information on the regimens of the
middle aged and the old in the chapter was excluded in
this study. When compared to writings of his predecessors
such as Galen of Pergamum, Soranus of Ephesus, Oribasius
of Pergamum and Paulus of Aegina, Rhazes’ writings on
regimens of the pregnant, of the peurpera, and of the wetnurse
and of the children in Kitāb al- Manṣūrī are rather
similar, but brief. On the other hand, it seems that Rhazes
excluded diseases of the children, because of he discussed
in his Risāla fī Ṭibb al-Aṭfāl, in the 4th article, “On
preserving the health”, of Kitāb al Manṣūrī.

Keywords

Rhazes, Kitab al-Mansuri, pregnancy, childbirth, wet-nursing, childhood, preserving the health

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