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Hemşirelik Son Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Palyatif Bakımda Etik Konulara Yönelik Tutumları

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 419 - 427, 30.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1259658

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, lisans son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencilerinin palyatif bakım vakalarına ilişkin kararlarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Çalışma Şubat 2018’de Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Bölümü son sınıf öğrencileri ile yapılmıştır. Örneklem grubunu formları eksiksiz dolduran 101 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak öğrencilerin palyatif bakıma ilişkin etik konular içeren beş vakaya yönelik kararlarını sorgulayan bir çalışma formu ile “Ölüme Karşı Tutum Ölçeği” ve 'Melbourne Karar Verme Ölçeği ve yazarlar tarafından açık uçlu hazırlanan palyatif bakımda etik konularla ilgili “hemşire olsanız, ne yapardınız?" sorularını içeren hayali beş vaka kullanıldı. Vakalara verilen açık uçlu yanıtları analiz etmek için tematik metin analizi yöntemi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin 77’si (%76,2) kadın, 24 (%23,8)’ü erkekti. Palyatif bakıma ilişkin etik konular içeren vakalara yönelik kararlarında çoğu tedaviyi redde saygı gösterme (%89,0), nafile ise hastayı canlandırmama (%76,6), hastayı nafile işlemlerden koruma (%74,2), hastanın ağrı çekmesine seyirci kalmama (%71,4), hastaya gerçeği söyleme (%59,4) açısından etik açıdan uygun tutuma sahipti. Bununla birlikte canlandırmama vakasında %32,7’si, nafile müdahale vakasında %20,6’sı, tedaviyi redde %10,9’u etik açıdan uygun olanı bilse de eyleme geçmeyeceklerini bildirdi.
Sonuç: Öğrencilerin çoğunun arzu edilen duyarlılığa sahip oldukları söylenebilir. Bununla birlikte özellikle palyatif bakımda hasta savunuculuğu rolünün ön plana çıktığı düşünüldüğünde, sağlık ekibini uyarma ve eyleme geçme konusunda eğitimle desteklenmeleri gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

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References

  • 1. World Health Organization. [Internet]. Planning and implementing palliative care services: a for programme managers. 2016. [cited 2022 Dec 21]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/250584
  • 2. Schroeder K, Lorenz K. Nursing and the Future of Palliative Care. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5(1):4–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5412150/pdf/APJON-4-127.pdf
  • 3. Uslu Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de palyatif bakım eğitimi ve örgütlenmesi. Cumhur Nurs J 2015;4(2):81–90.
  • 4. Cevik B, Kav S. Attitudes and experiences of nurses toward death and caring for dying patients in Turkey. Cancer Nurs 2013;36(6):58-65. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e318276924c
  • 5. Sharour LA, et al. Nurses’ students’ attitudes toward death and caring for dying cancer patients during their placement. EuroMediterranean Biomed J 2017;12(40):189–193. https://doi.org/10.3269/1970-5492.2017.12.40
  • 6. Akpınar A, Alvur M. Palyatif Bakımda Etik ve Medikolegal Yaklaşım. Türkiye Klinikleri J Fam Med-Special Topics 2017;8(4):292-8
  • 7. Keles S. Palliative Care Ethics: Medicine’s Duty to Help. In: Mollaoğlu M. Editor. Palliative Care Intech Open; 2019. p. 13. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85160 Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-biometric-technologies/liveness-detection-in-biometrics
  • 8. Wong PTP, Reker GT, Gesser G. The Death Attitude Profile Revised: A multidimensional measure of attitudes towards death. In: Neimeyer R, editor. Death anxiety handbook: research, instrumentation, and application. Washington: Taylor&Francis; 1994. 121-148.
  • 9. Işık E, Fadıloğlu Ç, Demir Y. Ölüme Karşı Tutum Ölçeğinin Türkçe Çevirisinin Hemşire Populasyonunda Geçerlik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Derg 2009;2:28–43.
  • 10. Mann L, et al. The Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire: An Instrument for Measuring Patterns for Coping with Decisional Conflict. J Behav Decis Mak 1997;10(1):1–19. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199703)10:1%3C1::AID-BDM242%3E3.0.CO;2-X
  • 11. Çolakkadıoğlu O, Deniz ME. Study on the validity and reliability of Melbourne Decision Making Scale in Turkey. Educ Res Rev 2015;10(10):1434–41. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2015.2273
  • 12. Popping R. Analyzing Open-ended Questions by Means of Text Analysis Procedures. BMS Bull Sociol Methodol Bull Methodol Sociol 2015;128(1):23–39. DOI: 10.1177/0759106315597389
  • 13. Bilge A, Embel N, Kaya FG. The Attitudes of the Students Who Will Become Madicalcare Professional Aganist the Death And the Relations with These Attitudes and Their Death Anxieties And the Variables Which Affect Attitudes. J Psychiatr Nurs 2013;4(3):119–24. https://doi.org/10.5505/phd.2013.08108
  • 14. Conner NE, Loerzel VW, Uddin N. Nursing student end-of-life care attitudes after an online death and dying course. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 2014;16(6):374–82. https://doi.org/10.1097/NJH.0000000000000080
  • 15. Santos Souza MC, et al. Evaluatıon of the death attıtude profıle-revısed: a study wıth health scıence undergraduate students. Texto Context Enferm 2017;26(4):1–8. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315135007-6
  • 16. Tüzer H, Kırca K, Özveren H. Investigation of Nursing Students’ Attitudes Towards Death and Their Perceptions of Spirituality and Spiritual Care. J Relig Health 2020;59:2177–2190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01004-9
  • 17. Demir M. Palliative care ethics. J Med Surg Intensive Care Med 2016;7(2):62–6. https://doi.org/10.5152/dcbybd.2016.1202
  • 18. Azak A, Taşçı S. Klinik Karar Verme ve Hemşirelik. Turkiye Klin J Med Ethics 2009;7(3):176–83. 19. Canova C, et al. Changes in decision-making among Italian nurses and nursing students over the last 15 years. J Clin Nurs 2016;25(5–6):811–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13101
  • 20. Tatlılıoğlu K. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Öğrenci̇leri̇ni̇n Karar Vermede Öz-Saygı Düzeyleri̇ Iile Karar Verme Sti̇lleri̇ Arasindaki İli̇şki̇ni̇n Bazı Deği̇şkenlere Göre İncelenmesi̇ 2. Akad Sos Araştırmalar Derg 2014;2(1):150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.46
  • 21. Yildirim G, Ertekin Pinar S. The relationship between decision making and gender roles of students studying in healthcare fields. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022;58:696–705. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12838
  • 22. Aydın Er R. Hemşirelik Eğitiminin Başında ve Sonunda Olan Öğrencilerin Hasta Haklarına İlişkin Tutumları: Kocaeli Örneği. Turkiye Klin J Med Ethics 2012;20(3):139–45.
  • 23. Türk Hemşireler Derneği. Hemşireler için etik ilke ve sorumluluklar [Internet]. Ankara; 2009. Available from: https://www.thder.org.tr/hemsireler-icin-etik-ilke-ve-sorumluluklar
  • 24. Tabak N, et al. Intentions of nurses and nursing students to tell the whole truth to patients and family members. J Clin Nurs 2013;22(9–10):1434–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04316.x
  • 25. Kendall S. Being asked not to tell: Nurses’ experiences of caring for cancer patients not told their diagnosis. J Clin Nurs 2006;15(9):1149–57. ttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01460.x
  • 26. Rassin M, Levy O, Points N. Caregivers’ Role in Breaking Bad News. Cancer Nurs 2006;29(4):302–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200607000-00009
  • 27. Vivian R. Truth telling in palliative care nursing: the dilemmas of collusion. Int J Palliat Nurs 2006;12(7):341–8. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2006.12.7.21612
  • 28. Huang SH, et al. Truth-telling to patients’ terminal illness: What makes oncology nurses act individually? Eur J Oncol Nurs [Internet] 2014;18(5):492–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2014.04.010
  • 29. Liu Y, et al. Nurses’ experiences and attitudes toward diagnosis disclosure for cancer patients in China: A qualitative study. Psychooncology 2019;(August):1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.5273.
  • 30. Ersoy N. Onkoloji hemşireliǧinde etik. Turk Onkol Derg 2009;24(4):191–7.
  • 31. Testoni I, et al. Lack of Truth-Telling in Palliative Care and Its Effects among Nurses and Nursing Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020;10(5):88. doi: 10.3390/bs10050088.
  • 32. Polat FN, Erdem R. Merhamet Yorgunluğu Düzeyinin Çalışma Yaşam Kalitesi İle İlişkisi: Sağlık Profesyonelleri Örneği. J Süleyman Demirel Univ Inst Soc Sc 2017;1(26):26291–312. 33. Gözübüyük O, Akbulut Y. Hastaya planlanan tedavinin reddedilmesi: Acil servis hastaları üzerine bir araştırma. Ankara Sağlık Bilim Derg 2014;3(1-2–3):55–66.
  • 34. Keser N, Arguz P. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarının tedavisini reddetme nedenleri. Turkish J Pediatr Dis 2010;4(1):5–11.
  • 35. Jonsen AR, Siegler M, Winslade WJ. Clinical Ethics: A Practical Approach to Ethical Decisions in Clinical Medicine. seventh. Jonsen AR, Siegler M, Winslade WJ, editors. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2010. 228 p.
  • 36. Slowther AM. Refusal of treatment by patients. In: Clinical Ethics. 2007. p. 121–3. https://doi.org/10.1258/14777500778187
  • 37. Sert G, Guven T. Examining the ethico-legal aspects of the right to refuse treatment in Turkey. J Med Ethics 2013;39(10):632–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2011-100408
  • 38. Kuvaki B, et al. Hastanemizde Cerrahi Bölümlerde Çalışan Doktorların “Yeniden Canlandırma Yapmama” Talimatı Konusundaki Görüşleri. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2014;21–6. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/53596
  • 39. Piscitello GM, et al. The Use of Slow Codes and Medically Futile Codes in Practice. J Pain Symptom Manage [Internet] 2021;62(2):326-335.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.12.001
  • 40. Dinçer M. The Experiences of Health Workers Applying Resuscitation to the Patients in Palliative Care. Ankara Med J 2019;1(1):21–31. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.542455
  • 41. Cerit B. Influence of Training on First-Year Nursing Department Students’ Attitudes on Death and Caring for Dying Patients: A Single-Group Pretest–Posttest Experimental Study. OMEGA - J Death Dying [Internet] 2017;003022281774883. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0030222817748838
  • 42. Özden D, Karagözoğlu Ş, Tel H. Yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin yararsız tedavi ve uygulamaya ilişkin görüşleri. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Derg 2012;14(1):1–10.
  • 43. Gürkan A, Babacan Gümüş A, Dodak H. Öğrenci Hemşirelerin Terminal Dönem Hasta Sorunları Hakkındaki Görüşleri: Hemşirelik Girişimleri, Hasta Hakları ve Etik Sorunlar Kapsamında Bir İnceleme. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Derg 2011;4(1):2–12.

Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 419 - 427, 30.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1259658

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate decisions of senior undergraduate nursing students on palliative care cases.
Methods: The study was conducted with Kocaeli University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department senior students in February 2018. The sample group consisted of 101 students who filled out the forms completely. Data were collected via the ‘Death Attitude Profile’, and ‘Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire’ and a questionnaire including open-ended “what would you do if you were the nurse” questions about five imaginary cases on ethical issues in palliative care. The thematic text analysis method was used to analyze the open‐ended questions.
Results: Of the students participating in the study, 77 (76.2%) were female and 24 (23.8%) were male. A majority reported the necessity of respecting refusal of treatment (89.0%), do not resuscitate if it is futile (76.6%), protecting the patient from futile interventions (74.2%), pain management for patients in pain (71.4%), and telling the patient the truth (59.4%). However, 40.6% in truth telling case, 32.7% in the DNR case, 28.6% in pain management case, 20.6% in futile intervention case and 10.9% in refusal of treatment case reported that they would not do anything.
Conclusion: Most of the nursing students’ attitudes towards cases were ethically appropriate. However, it is worrying that in some cases close to half of students would not take action. Thus, we suggest that in nursing education ethical issues regarding palliative care should be presented in a way that nurses would have the courage to take appropriate actions.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. [Internet]. Planning and implementing palliative care services: a for programme managers. 2016. [cited 2022 Dec 21]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/250584
  • 2. Schroeder K, Lorenz K. Nursing and the Future of Palliative Care. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2018;5(1):4–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5412150/pdf/APJON-4-127.pdf
  • 3. Uslu Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de palyatif bakım eğitimi ve örgütlenmesi. Cumhur Nurs J 2015;4(2):81–90.
  • 4. Cevik B, Kav S. Attitudes and experiences of nurses toward death and caring for dying patients in Turkey. Cancer Nurs 2013;36(6):58-65. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e318276924c
  • 5. Sharour LA, et al. Nurses’ students’ attitudes toward death and caring for dying cancer patients during their placement. EuroMediterranean Biomed J 2017;12(40):189–193. https://doi.org/10.3269/1970-5492.2017.12.40
  • 6. Akpınar A, Alvur M. Palyatif Bakımda Etik ve Medikolegal Yaklaşım. Türkiye Klinikleri J Fam Med-Special Topics 2017;8(4):292-8
  • 7. Keles S. Palliative Care Ethics: Medicine’s Duty to Help. In: Mollaoğlu M. Editor. Palliative Care Intech Open; 2019. p. 13. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85160 Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-biometric-technologies/liveness-detection-in-biometrics
  • 8. Wong PTP, Reker GT, Gesser G. The Death Attitude Profile Revised: A multidimensional measure of attitudes towards death. In: Neimeyer R, editor. Death anxiety handbook: research, instrumentation, and application. Washington: Taylor&Francis; 1994. 121-148.
  • 9. Işık E, Fadıloğlu Ç, Demir Y. Ölüme Karşı Tutum Ölçeğinin Türkçe Çevirisinin Hemşire Populasyonunda Geçerlik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Derg 2009;2:28–43.
  • 10. Mann L, et al. The Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire: An Instrument for Measuring Patterns for Coping with Decisional Conflict. J Behav Decis Mak 1997;10(1):1–19. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199703)10:1%3C1::AID-BDM242%3E3.0.CO;2-X
  • 11. Çolakkadıoğlu O, Deniz ME. Study on the validity and reliability of Melbourne Decision Making Scale in Turkey. Educ Res Rev 2015;10(10):1434–41. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2015.2273
  • 12. Popping R. Analyzing Open-ended Questions by Means of Text Analysis Procedures. BMS Bull Sociol Methodol Bull Methodol Sociol 2015;128(1):23–39. DOI: 10.1177/0759106315597389
  • 13. Bilge A, Embel N, Kaya FG. The Attitudes of the Students Who Will Become Madicalcare Professional Aganist the Death And the Relations with These Attitudes and Their Death Anxieties And the Variables Which Affect Attitudes. J Psychiatr Nurs 2013;4(3):119–24. https://doi.org/10.5505/phd.2013.08108
  • 14. Conner NE, Loerzel VW, Uddin N. Nursing student end-of-life care attitudes after an online death and dying course. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 2014;16(6):374–82. https://doi.org/10.1097/NJH.0000000000000080
  • 15. Santos Souza MC, et al. Evaluatıon of the death attıtude profıle-revısed: a study wıth health scıence undergraduate students. Texto Context Enferm 2017;26(4):1–8. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315135007-6
  • 16. Tüzer H, Kırca K, Özveren H. Investigation of Nursing Students’ Attitudes Towards Death and Their Perceptions of Spirituality and Spiritual Care. J Relig Health 2020;59:2177–2190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01004-9
  • 17. Demir M. Palliative care ethics. J Med Surg Intensive Care Med 2016;7(2):62–6. https://doi.org/10.5152/dcbybd.2016.1202
  • 18. Azak A, Taşçı S. Klinik Karar Verme ve Hemşirelik. Turkiye Klin J Med Ethics 2009;7(3):176–83. 19. Canova C, et al. Changes in decision-making among Italian nurses and nursing students over the last 15 years. J Clin Nurs 2016;25(5–6):811–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13101
  • 20. Tatlılıoğlu K. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Öğrenci̇leri̇ni̇n Karar Vermede Öz-Saygı Düzeyleri̇ Iile Karar Verme Sti̇lleri̇ Arasindaki İli̇şki̇ni̇n Bazı Deği̇şkenlere Göre İncelenmesi̇ 2. Akad Sos Araştırmalar Derg 2014;2(1):150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.46
  • 21. Yildirim G, Ertekin Pinar S. The relationship between decision making and gender roles of students studying in healthcare fields. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022;58:696–705. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12838
  • 22. Aydın Er R. Hemşirelik Eğitiminin Başında ve Sonunda Olan Öğrencilerin Hasta Haklarına İlişkin Tutumları: Kocaeli Örneği. Turkiye Klin J Med Ethics 2012;20(3):139–45.
  • 23. Türk Hemşireler Derneği. Hemşireler için etik ilke ve sorumluluklar [Internet]. Ankara; 2009. Available from: https://www.thder.org.tr/hemsireler-icin-etik-ilke-ve-sorumluluklar
  • 24. Tabak N, et al. Intentions of nurses and nursing students to tell the whole truth to patients and family members. J Clin Nurs 2013;22(9–10):1434–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04316.x
  • 25. Kendall S. Being asked not to tell: Nurses’ experiences of caring for cancer patients not told their diagnosis. J Clin Nurs 2006;15(9):1149–57. ttps://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01460.x
  • 26. Rassin M, Levy O, Points N. Caregivers’ Role in Breaking Bad News. Cancer Nurs 2006;29(4):302–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200607000-00009
  • 27. Vivian R. Truth telling in palliative care nursing: the dilemmas of collusion. Int J Palliat Nurs 2006;12(7):341–8. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2006.12.7.21612
  • 28. Huang SH, et al. Truth-telling to patients’ terminal illness: What makes oncology nurses act individually? Eur J Oncol Nurs [Internet] 2014;18(5):492–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2014.04.010
  • 29. Liu Y, et al. Nurses’ experiences and attitudes toward diagnosis disclosure for cancer patients in China: A qualitative study. Psychooncology 2019;(August):1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.5273.
  • 30. Ersoy N. Onkoloji hemşireliǧinde etik. Turk Onkol Derg 2009;24(4):191–7.
  • 31. Testoni I, et al. Lack of Truth-Telling in Palliative Care and Its Effects among Nurses and Nursing Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020;10(5):88. doi: 10.3390/bs10050088.
  • 32. Polat FN, Erdem R. Merhamet Yorgunluğu Düzeyinin Çalışma Yaşam Kalitesi İle İlişkisi: Sağlık Profesyonelleri Örneği. J Süleyman Demirel Univ Inst Soc Sc 2017;1(26):26291–312. 33. Gözübüyük O, Akbulut Y. Hastaya planlanan tedavinin reddedilmesi: Acil servis hastaları üzerine bir araştırma. Ankara Sağlık Bilim Derg 2014;3(1-2–3):55–66.
  • 34. Keser N, Arguz P. Ebeveynlerin çocuklarının tedavisini reddetme nedenleri. Turkish J Pediatr Dis 2010;4(1):5–11.
  • 35. Jonsen AR, Siegler M, Winslade WJ. Clinical Ethics: A Practical Approach to Ethical Decisions in Clinical Medicine. seventh. Jonsen AR, Siegler M, Winslade WJ, editors. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2010. 228 p.
  • 36. Slowther AM. Refusal of treatment by patients. In: Clinical Ethics. 2007. p. 121–3. https://doi.org/10.1258/14777500778187
  • 37. Sert G, Guven T. Examining the ethico-legal aspects of the right to refuse treatment in Turkey. J Med Ethics 2013;39(10):632–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2011-100408
  • 38. Kuvaki B, et al. Hastanemizde Cerrahi Bölümlerde Çalışan Doktorların “Yeniden Canlandırma Yapmama” Talimatı Konusundaki Görüşleri. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2014;21–6. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/53596
  • 39. Piscitello GM, et al. The Use of Slow Codes and Medically Futile Codes in Practice. J Pain Symptom Manage [Internet] 2021;62(2):326-335.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.12.001
  • 40. Dinçer M. The Experiences of Health Workers Applying Resuscitation to the Patients in Palliative Care. Ankara Med J 2019;1(1):21–31. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.542455
  • 41. Cerit B. Influence of Training on First-Year Nursing Department Students’ Attitudes on Death and Caring for Dying Patients: A Single-Group Pretest–Posttest Experimental Study. OMEGA - J Death Dying [Internet] 2017;003022281774883. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0030222817748838
  • 42. Özden D, Karagözoğlu Ş, Tel H. Yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin yararsız tedavi ve uygulamaya ilişkin görüşleri. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Derg 2012;14(1):1–10.
  • 43. Gürkan A, Babacan Gümüş A, Dodak H. Öğrenci Hemşirelerin Terminal Dönem Hasta Sorunları Hakkındaki Görüşleri: Hemşirelik Girişimleri, Hasta Hakları ve Etik Sorunlar Kapsamında Bir İnceleme. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve Sanatı Derg 2011;4(1):2–12.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Neriman Elibol 0000-0003-1204-1259

Aslıhan Akpınar 0000-0002-1790-3973

Publication Date May 30, 2023
Submission Date March 3, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Elibol, N., & Akpınar, A. (2023). Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, 13(2), 419-427. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1259658
AMA Elibol N, Akpınar A. Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. May 2023;13(2):419-427. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1259658
Chicago Elibol, Neriman, and Aslıhan Akpınar. “Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13, no. 2 (May 2023): 419-27. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1259658.
EndNote Elibol N, Akpınar A (May 1, 2023) Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13 2 419–427.
IEEE N. Elibol and A. Akpınar, “Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care”, Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 419–427, 2023, doi: 10.31020/mutftd.1259658.
ISNAD Elibol, Neriman - Akpınar, Aslıhan. “Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13/2 (May 2023), 419-427. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1259658.
JAMA Elibol N, Akpınar A. Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. 2023;13:419–427.
MLA Elibol, Neriman and Aslıhan Akpınar. “Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 2, 2023, pp. 419-27, doi:10.31020/mutftd.1259658.
Vancouver Elibol N, Akpınar A. Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students Towards Ethical Issues for Palliative Care. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. 2023;13(2):419-27.

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                                    Periodical scientific publication of Mersin University School of Medicine. Can not be cited without referenceResponsibility of the articles belong to the authors

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Ayşegül Tuğuz

from composition of İlter Uzel named Dioscorides and his Student

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Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıp Tarihi ve Etik Anabilim Dalı Çiftlikköy Kampüsü

Yenişehir / Mersin