Is Ornament Really a Crime: Ornament Usage in Modern Movement

Abstract

The correlation between ornament and architecture has been a symbiotic relationship which continued for centuries. Although after the changes started with the Modern Movement, the link between ornamentation and architecture had a disruption which occurred until recently with the postmodern architectural discourse. The idea and the roots of modern movement has been highly influenced by universality, functionality and rationality which was born at the industrial revolution. Furthermore, the aim of modern movement was to establish a set of universal principles guided by rational and scientific thinking, therefore the modernist approach stood against the context that referred to the past and tradition. With this reason, Modern Movement has often been accused of failing to re-define the culturally inherited patterns under the unchangeable principles of rational thinking. However, as the built environment started to become standardized and homogeneous due to the rational and scientific principles applied in architecture the idea of universalism could not be adopted as the ideal principle especially in the societies with a strong tangible and intangible cultural heritage. People need to connect themselves with the environment that they live in to live comfortably, and at the same time to have the sense of belonging by the impact of the cultural memories they have. Therefore, in reality, ornament might not be as much of a crime as Adolf Loos equated. 

Keywords

• Modern Movement,Ornament

Süsleme gerçekten bir suç mudur: Modern Hareket'de Süsleme Kullanımı

Abstract

Süsleme ve mimari arasında ilişki yüzyıllardan beri süregelen ve karşılıklı yarar sağlayan bir yapıya sahiptir. Fakat, son zamanlardaki Postmodern söylemlerin etkin olduğu döneme kadar, Modern Hareketin de tesiriyle, mimarideki süsleme ve cephe ilişkisi büyük ölçüde kesintiye uğratmıştır. Modern Hareketin anafikri ve kökleri, endüstri devrimiyle doğan evrensellik, işlevsellik ve rasyonaliteye dayanmakta, dahası, rasyonel ve bilimsel düşünceyle yönlendirilen bir dizi evrensel ilke oluşturmayı amaçlamış, geçmişe ve geleneklere atıfta bulunan mimarinin karşısında durmuştur. Buna bağlı olarak da Modern Hareket, rasyonel düşüncenin değiştirilemez prensipleri çerçevesinde kültürel kalıpları yeniden tanımlayamamakla sıklıkla suçlanmıştır. Fakat mimaride uygulanan rasyonel ve bilimsel ilkeler nedeniyle şehir dokusu standartlaşıp daha homojen bir hale gelmeye başladıkça, özellikle evrenselcilik fikri, köklü bir kültürel mirasa sahip toplumlarda ideal bir ilke haline getirilememiştir. İnsanlar, her zaman için yaşadıkları çevrede kendilerinin sahip olduğu kültürel hatıraların etkisine ve aidiyet duygusuna ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu nedenle, gerçekte, süsleme Adolf Loos'un söylediği kadar büyük bir suç olmayabilir.

Keywords

• Modern Hareket,Süsleme

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