Genetic Evaluation Study of Fava Bean Vicia Faba L. Under the Influence of the Transfer and Diagnosis of the Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus in Several Areas of Kirkuk Governorate

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 151 - 161, 01.04.2025

Hasanain Ali Jaber , Hussam Sabah Younis Wisam Raheem Jiheel Raeed Mejbel Abdullah Saifuldeen Ahmed Hasan

https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1642299

Abstract

The results of the study and survey in the agricultural fields in Kirkuk Governorate, planted with the bean crop during the agricultural season (2022-2023) and (2023-2024) showed that the bean yellow mosaic virus was found in the fields of (Hawija - Daquq - Dibs) (Tu & Ford, 1968). The results showed that the highest infection rate with BYMV virus reached 48% in the pre-flowering stage in Hawija in the season (2022), while the lowest infection rate was 27% in Daquq. As for the 2023 season, the highest infection rate was in the Hawija area, reaching 52%, while the lowest was in the Daquq area, reaching 33%. The results of the serological diagnosis of the isolate obtained from the fava bean plants using the Tissue Blot Immuno Assay (TBIA) test showed that the main cause of mosaic symptoms on the fava bean plant included in the study is the BYMV virus, whereby the test showed the characteristic of the blue-purple distinct colour of the reaction on the nitrocellulose membrane, the soaked seeds in water after cutting and printing on the nitrocellulose membranes proved the presence of the BYMV virus, which is transmitted by fava bean seeds at a rate of 4%. As for the effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content of fava bean leaves, the statistical analysis showed significant differences between the treatments, as the plant barrier had a clear effect in increasing the amount of chlorophyll or maintaining the amount of chlorophyll a, b and total in fresh fava bean leaves, as its average amount reached (34.11), (30.02) and (25.93) mg/g, respectively. As for the number of nutrients in the leaves of fava bean plants, it was in a direction of decrease for the element’s calcium, potassium and sodium and increase for the element nitrogen for infected plants, as the element potassium reached (1.81) mg, sodium (1.843) mg, calcium (1.732) mg, and nitrogen (1.567) mg.

Keywords

Viruses , BYMV , seed transmission , broad bean , fava bean.

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