The Role of Turmeric Extract in Promoting Fish Health and Stress Resilience in Goldfish (Carassius auratus L.)

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 206 - 218, 01.04.2025

R. Hannah Jessie Rani , Ved Vrat Verma J. Guntaj Yogesh Jadhav

https://doi.org/10.28978/nesciences.1643503

Abstract

Turmeric extract (TE) is known for its potential health-promoting and stress-resilience properties across various species. The research evaluated the effects of dietary TE supplementation on the health and stress resilience of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Over 8 weeks, 480 fish (10.70 ± 0.5 g) were randomly assigned to six groups, with 10 replicates per group (8 fish per replicate). The control group (Group 1) was fed a basal diet without any supplementation. In contrast, the other groups received diets supplemented with TE at the following concentrations: 1 g/kg for Group 2, 2 g/kg for Group 3, 2.5 g/kg for Group 4, 3 g/kg for Group 5, and 4 g/kg for Group 6. Although growth performance and feed intake were unaffected by TE supplementation, significant improvements in fish coloration were observed, particularly in the head, abdominal, and tail regions. According to the research, adding TE to goldfish meals enhanced immunological response, decreased biomarkers linked to stress, and increased general well-being and stress tolerance. The 4 g/kg group showed the highest increase in serum carotenoid levels, while higher white and red blood cell counts, total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were observed. TE supplementation also reduced plasma cortisol and glucose levels, suggesting enhanced stress resistance. The research suggests that TE supplementation can enhance overall health and stress resilience in goldfish.

Keywords

Fish health , stress resilience , turmeric extract , immune function , supplementation.

References

• Agarwal, A., & Yadhav, S. (2023). Structure and Functional Guild Composition of Fish Assemblages in the Matla Estuary, Indian Sundarbans. Aquatic Ecosystems and Environmental Frontiers, 1(1), 16-20.
• Agnes Pravina, X., Radhika, R., & Ramesh Palappan, R. (2024). Financial Inclusiveness and Literacy Awareness of Fisherfolk in Kanyakumari District: An Empirical Study. Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services, 14(3), 265–269. https://doi.org/10.51983/ijiss-2024.14.3.34
• Bhatt, D., Holeyappa, S. A., Pandey, A., Bansal, N., Hundal, J. S., & Khairnar, S. O. (2024). Growth performance, physiological response, and tissue microarchitecture of the carp Labeo rohita challenged with AFB1 are improved by supplementing with turmeric. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 22(2), e0501-e0501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101717
• Chen, W., Zhang, M., Luo, X., Zhang, Z., & Hu, X. (2022). Molecular characterization of heat shock protein 20 (hsp20) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) and expression analysis in response to environmental stresses. Aquaculture Reports, 24, 101106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101106
• Claus, C., Hutchings, M., & Ricciardi, A. (2024). The effects of acclimation to temperature and chloride salinity on the thermal tolerance of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Environmental Biology of Fishes, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-024-01643-x
• de Oliveira Filho, J. G., de Almeida, M. J., Sousa, T. L., dos Santos, D. C., & Egea, M. B. (2021). Bioactive compounds of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Bioactive compounds in underutilized vegetables and legumes, 297-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57415-4_37
• Edrees, A., Abdel-Daim, A. S., Shaban, N. S., Shehata, O., & Ibrahim, R. E. (2025). Dietary intervention of propolis and/or turmeric boosted growth, hematology, biochemical profile, and antioxidant-immune responses and their associated gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Edwardsiella tarda. Aquaculture International, 33(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-024-01741-8
• Eissa, E. S. H., Hendam, B. M., Dighiesh, H. S., Abd Elnabi, H. E., Abd El-Aziz, Y. M., Eissa, M. E., ... & Ghanem, S. F. (2024). Comparative effects of curcumin, nano curcumin and their combination on reproductive traits and spawning performance of red tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus X O. Mossambicus). BMC Veterinary Research, 20(1), 427. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04257-8
• Fatima, H., Jabeen, F., Raza, T., Raza, M. H., Zafar, S., & Chaudhry, A. S. (2024). Copper nanoparticles induced oxidative stress and tissue integrity in gills and brain of Cyprinus carpio. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Environmental Studies, 4(2), 53-68. http://doi.org/10.70102/IJARES/V4I2/4
• Ilham, I., Sucipto, S., & Fujaya, Y. (2024). Effects of Fermented Herbal Extract as a Phytobiotic on Growth Indices, Moulting Performance, and Feed Utilization of Juvenile Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabr.). Fishes, 9(9), 352. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9090352
• Isabegović, J., & Mandžić, K. (2020). Influence of stress ratio in shear surface on shear strength of deposited material. Archives for Technical Sciences, 2(23), 29-36.
• Jasim, S. S. (2022) Fisher Kernel Discriminant Analysis Under Indefinite Kernel Function. https://doi.org/10.9756/IAJSS/V9I2/IAJSS0914
• Jatobá, A., Pereira, M. D. O., Jesus, G. F. A., Dutra, S. A. P., Mouriño, J. L. P., Owatari, M. S., & Schleder, D. D. (2024). Effects of Blending Curcuma longa Hydrolate and Lactobacillus plantarum on the Growth and Health of Nile Tilapia. Fishes, 9(12), 503. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120503
• Khieokhajonkhet, A., Roatboonsongsri, T., Suwannalers, P., Aeksiri, N., Kaneko, G., Ratanasut, K., ... & Phromkunthong, W. (2023). Effects of dietary supplementation of turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract on growth, feed and nutrient utilization, coloration, hematology, and expression of genes related immune response in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Aquaculture Reports, 32, 101705. https://doi.org/10.1002/naaq.10179
• Komal, W., Fatima, S., Minahal, Q., & Liaqat, R. (2024). Enhancing growth, antioxidant capacity, and immune response in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through curcumin supplementation across varied stocking density paradigms. PloS one, 19(11), e0311146. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311146
• Kumar, V., Das, B. K., Swain, H. S., Chowdhury, H., Roy, S., Bera, A. K., ... & Behera, B. K. (2022). Outbreak of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis associated with Aeromonas hydrophila in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus: The role of turmeric oil in enhancing immunity and inducing resistance against co-infection. Frontiers in immunology, 13, 956478. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.956478
• Peng, Y., Ao, M., Dong, B., Jiang, Y., Yu, L., Chen, Z., ... & Xu, R. (2021). Anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin in the inflammatory diseases: status, limitations and countermeasures. Drug design, development and therapy, 4503-4525. https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S327378
• Saengsitthisak, B., Chaisri, W., Mektrirat, R., Yano, T., & Pikulkaew, S. (2023). In vitro and in vivo action of turmeric oil (Curcuma longa L.) against Argulus spp. in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Open Veterinary Journal, 13(12), 1645. https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i12.14
• Shameena, S. S., Kumar, S., Kumar, K., & Raman, R. P. (2021). Role of temperature and co-infection in mediating the immune response of goldfish. Microbial Pathogenesis, 156, 104896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104896
• Sudagar, M., Saedmucheshi, S., Mazandarani, M., Hosseini, S. S., & Firouzbakhsh, S. (2024) Histopathological effects of ZnO nanoparticles on kidney, liver, and gills tissues of goldfish (Carassius auratus). International Journal of Aquatic Research and Environmental Studies, 0-0. http://doi.org/10.70102/IJARES/V4I2/6
• Wongphonprateep, S., & Pichitkul, P. (2021). Creation of nanoparticle carotenoid from crude palm oil to enhancing the skin color of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Burapha Science Journal, 1438-1455. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8833-5451
• Zhang, C., Wang, J., Qi, Q., Yang, L., Sun, P., & Yuan, X. (2021). Modulatory effect of fructooligosaccharide against triphenyltin-induced oxidative stress and immune suppression in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 212, 111966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111966